EWCS 2010 Survey Results

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a)

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Gender

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a) - Yes
Country	Gender	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Male	79.9	73.1	73.5	81.9
	Female	74.3	59.1	72.8	76.9
	Total	77.7	67.1	73.2	79.7
BG (Bulgaria)	Male	.	60.8	63.2	68.0
	Female	.	56.2	57.4	58.1
	Total	.	58.6	60.4	63.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Male	.	74.6	72.0	67.3
	Female	.	66.4	65.7	58.0
	Total	.	71.1	69.3	63.3
DK (Denmark)	Male	81.6	79.5	78.7	70.9
	Female	75.7	77.9	80.3	69.2
	Total	79.0	78.8	79.4	70.1
DE (Germany)	Male	77.2	70.7	79.3	78.4
	Female	61.5	53.4	62.1	69.8
	Total	70.5	63.3	71.4	74.4
EE (Estonia)	Male	.	69.5	69.7	74.5
	Female	.	65.5	64.6	65.3
	Total	.	67.6	67.3	69.8
EL (Greece)	Male	53.3	55.5	62.5	66.7
	Female	45.5	52.7	51.4	62.2
	Total	50.5	54.5	58.2	64.9
ES (Spain)	Male	75.0	68.8	79.5	77.4
	Female	67.7	70.7	66.2	60.9
	Total	72.4	69.5	74.2	70.2
FR (France)	Male	71.4	75.7	81.2	76.3
	Female	59.6	64.3	70.4	66.8
	Total	66.2	70.5	76.2	71.8
IE (Ireland)	Male	75.8	75.7	77.5	83.9
	Female	70.4	71.7	66.4	82.8
	Total	73.6	74.1	72.8	83.4
IT (Italy)	Male	70.0	70.3	78.3	72.5
	Female	66.5	59.9	74.7	71.4
	Total	68.8	66.6	76.8	72.1
CY (Cyprus)	Male	.	66.7	71.5	73.2
	Female	.	64.9	63.6	64.4
	Total	.	65.9	68.1	69.3
LV (Latvia)	Male	.	64.5	76.7	70.8
	Female	.	48.9	66.1	73.8
	Total	.	56.8	71.5	72.4
LT (Lithuania)	Male	.	44.8	57.0	57.2
	Female	.	50.6	60.3	58.8
	Total	.	47.8	58.6	58.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Male	61.6	69.4	78.0	77.9
	Female	62.4	60.6	66.0	74.9
	Total	61.9	66.0	73.1	76.6
HU (Hungary)	Male	.	77.8	83.2	83.5
	Female	.	74.8	83.7	84.6
	Total	.	76.4	83.4	84.0
MT (Malta)	Male	.	63.0	76.2	79.3
	Female	.	68.8	68.2	75.2
	Total	.	64.7	73.7	78.0
NL (Netherlands)	Male	87.1	79.2	76.0	78.4
	Female	80.2	78.7	76.9	76.2
	Total	84.3	79.0	76.4	77.4
AT (Austria)	Male	78.9	83.8	87.6	92.1
	Female	66.5	73.3	76.2	84.8
	Total	73.3	79.2	82.4	88.7
PL (Poland)	Male	.	63.4	79.4	76.9
	Female	.	50.7	66.7	71.3
	Total	.	57.6	73.7	74.4
PT (Portugal)	Male	71.1	67.7	86.1	79.1
	Female	61.5	49.6	76.3	63.7
	Total	66.9	59.5	81.6	71.9
RO (Romania)	Male	.	76.3	66.9	70.9
	Female	.	67.3	69.3	74.9
	Total	.	72.1	68.0	72.7
SI (Slovenia)	Male	.	72.6	67.3	76.0
	Female	.	55.3	66.4	66.9
	Total	.	64.7	66.9	71.8
SK (Slovakia)	Male	.	76.8	72.7	75.5
	Female	.	72.7	65.7	61.9
	Total	.	74.9	69.6	69.6
FI (Finland)	Male	81.0	79.4	80.2	74.6
	Female	70.8	73.5	76.4	74.6
	Total	76.2	76.6	78.4	74.6
SE (Sweden)	Male	87.1	62.2	58.9	62.8
	Female	78.7	53.4	55.1	59.3
	Total	83.1	57.9	57.1	61.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Male	84.8	81.9	79.8	84.2
	Female	82.5	77.4	80.1	79.2
	Total	83.8	79.9	79.9	81.9
HR (Croatia)	Male	.	.	78.6	69.5
	Female	.	.	61.6	66.0
	Total	.	.	71.0	67.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Male	.	.	.	69.6
	Female	.	.	.	68.0
	Total	.	.	.	69.0
TR (Turkey)	Male	.	.	78.2	76.0
	Female	.	.	71.5	75.2
	Total	.	.	76.4	75.8
NO (Norway)	Male	.	.	94.6	93.0
	Female	.	.	96.1	91.9
	Total	.	.	95.3	92.5
AL (Albania)	Male	.	.	.	79.3
	Female	.	.	.	80.0
	Total	.	.	.	79.6
XK (Kosovo)	Male	.	.	.	74.5
	Female	.	.	.	74.5
	Total	.	.	.	74.5
ME (Montenegro)	Male	.	.	.	63.4
	Female	.	.	.	59.7
	Total	.	.	.	61.8
CH (Switzerland)	Male	.	.	84.1	.
	Female	.	.	69.2	.
	Total	.	.	77.4	.
EC12	Male	76.1	73.3	78.9	77.7
	Female	67.9	64.5	70.7	70.6
	Total	72.7	69.6	75.3	74.5
EU15	Male	76.5	73.4	78.6	77.6
	Female	68.2	64.5	70.5	70.7
	Total	73.1	69.6	75.0	74.5
EU27	Male	.	72.6	77.6	76.8
	Female	.	63.6	69.9	70.5
	Total	.	68.7	74.2	74.0

Age

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a) - Yes
Country	Age	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Under 30	71.5	67.8	75.1	79.0
	30 to 49	79.4	66.9	72.2	78.9
	50+	80.6	67.1	74.6	82.2
	Total	77.7	67.1	73.2	79.7
BG (Bulgaria)	Under 30	.	57.5	57.4	69.9
	30 to 49	.	58.5	60.2	64.6
	50+	.	59.6	63.4	57.6
	Total	.	58.6	60.4	63.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Under 30	.	71.8	66.2	63.6
	30 to 49	.	69.4	71.9	63.7
	50+	.	73.6	66.6	62.6
	Total	.	71.1	69.3	63.3
DK (Denmark)	Under 30	78.0	75.2	82.1	63.3
	30 to 49	79.5	80.2	78.1	72.5
	50+	79.0	79.9	79.6	71.2
	Total	79.0	78.8	79.4	70.1
DE (Germany)	Under 30	72.7	62.9	68.6	69.8
	30 to 49	69.1	65.8	73.1	74.7
	50+	71.5	57.6	70.1	77.2
	Total	70.5	63.3	71.4	74.4
EE (Estonia)	Under 30	.	70.1	64.2	69.5
	30 to 49	.	68.9	70.9	71.6
	50+	.	63.4	62.9	66.8
	Total	.	67.6	67.3	69.8
EL (Greece)	Under 30	55.9	50.1	60.0	61.8
	30 to 49	52.5	58.7	58.4	65.8
	50+	41.8	49.1	56.4	65.1
	Total	50.5	54.5	58.2	64.9
ES (Spain)	Under 30	71.3	65.8	70.4	67.7
	30 to 49	72.9	70.4	75.2	73.2
	50+	72.6	72.1	76.2	64.9
	Total	72.4	69.5	74.2	70.2
FR (France)	Under 30	64.9	67.4	77.4	72.0
	30 to 49	67.0	74.3	76.9	72.1
	50+	64.8	63.1	73.6	71.1
	Total	66.2	70.5	76.2	71.8
IE (Ireland)	Under 30	76.2	72.5	72.1	83.7
	30 to 49	71.7	73.2	74.9	84.2
	50+	74.0	78.9	68.8	81.0
	Total	73.6	74.1	72.8	83.4
IT (Italy)	Under 30	73.1	67.5	72.6	69.4
	30 to 49	68.3	68.8	79.6	73.6
	50+	65.3	59.6	73.1	71.0
	Total	68.8	66.6	76.8	72.1
CY (Cyprus)	Under 30	.	69.0	63.7	70.5
	30 to 49	.	63.6	73.2	68.6
	50+	.	68.1	61.0	69.5
	Total	.	65.9	68.1	69.3
LV (Latvia)	Under 30	.	62.4	71.1	80.3
	30 to 49	.	56.6	73.7	72.0
	50+	.	51.8	67.2	66.9
	Total	.	56.8	71.5	72.4
LT (Lithuania)	Under 30	.	50.2	65.4	65.2
	30 to 49	.	49.8	55.8	60.8
	50+	.	40.4	59.6	48.1
	Total	.	47.8	58.6	58.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Under 30	56.8	76.6	81.6	81.7
	30 to 49	65.3	63.1	73.7	77.0
	50+	57.9	62.7	64.1	70.2
	Total	61.9	66.0	73.1	76.6
HU (Hungary)	Under 30	.	78.5	84.7	89.9
	30 to 49	.	73.5	82.6	83.1
	50+	.	82.2	84.0	81.9
	Total	.	76.4	83.4	84.0
MT (Malta)	Under 30	.	70.7	70.2	81.2
	30 to 49	.	63.6	77.0	78.9
	50+	.	56.9	71.5	71.5
	Total	.	64.7	73.7	78.0
NL (Netherlands)	Under 30	80.9	78.7	70.8	82.8
	30 to 49	86.0	81.7	77.1	74.8
	50+	85.1	72.2	81.3	77.2
	Total	84.3	79.0	76.4	77.4
AT (Austria)	Under 30	65.1	77.5	83.2	90.5
	30 to 49	75.5	80.1	82.9	88.9
	50+	80.7	79.0	80.5	86.7
	Total	73.3	79.2	82.4	88.7
PL (Poland)	Under 30	.	58.9	69.3	74.2
	30 to 49	.	57.9	76.0	77.1
	50+	.	55.1	72.2	68.8
	Total	.	57.6	73.7	74.4
PT (Portugal)	Under 30	74.1	63.0	85.7	81.7
	30 to 49	67.3	62.0	82.8	76.2
	50+	59.8	51.0	75.6	59.5
	Total	66.9	59.5	81.6	71.9
RO (Romania)	Under 30	.	68.9	65.6	73.8
	30 to 49	.	72.6	71.8	75.6
	50+	.	73.6	61.9	65.9
	Total	.	72.1	68.0	72.7
SI (Slovenia)	Under 30	.	51.8	50.2	70.3
	30 to 49	.	65.6	71.3	72.5
	50+	.	78.0	71.0	72.4
	Total	.	64.7	66.9	71.8
SK (Slovakia)	Under 30	.	78.7	70.1	72.1
	30 to 49	.	73.7	72.0	70.4
	50+	.	73.7	62.1	65.7
	Total	.	74.9	69.6	69.6
FI (Finland)	Under 30	72.5	68.6	72.5	65.0
	30 to 49	75.2	78.5	79.6	77.0
	50+	82.2	79.6	80.3	77.2
	Total	76.2	76.6	78.4	74.6
SE (Sweden)	Under 30	81.2	53.0	52.3	60.1
	30 to 49	84.5	57.6	59.2	61.6
	50+	81.9	61.7	57.1	60.5
	Total	83.1	57.9	57.1	61.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Under 30	87.9	77.8	80.6	83.7
	30 to 49	82.9	82.5	81.0	82.0
	50+	80.6	76.4	77.5	80.2
	Total	83.8	79.9	79.9	81.9
HR (Croatia)	Under 30	.	.	65.5	67.0
	30 to 49	.	.	71.7	67.3
	50+	.	.	73.5	68.9
	Total	.	.	71.0	67.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Under 30	.	.	.	67.3
	30 to 49	.	.	.	68.6
	50+	.	.	.	71.2
	Total	.	.	.	69.0
TR (Turkey)	Under 30	.	.	79.9	81.3
	30 to 49	.	.	76.3	75.8
	50+	.	.	69.3	62.3
	Total	.	.	76.4	75.8
NO (Norway)	Under 30	.	.	95.1	89.3
	30 to 49	.	.	96.0	93.7
	50+	.	.	94.9	92.8
	Total	.	.	95.3	92.5
AL (Albania)	Under 30	.	.	.	83.8
	30 to 49	.	.	.	78.1
	50+	.	.	.	79.5
	Total	.	.	.	79.6
XK (Kosovo)	Under 30	.	.	.	71.8
	30 to 49	.	.	.	71.2
	50+	.	.	.	83.6
	Total	.	.	.	74.5
ME (Montenegro)	Under 30	.	.	.	58.7
	30 to 49	.	.	.	64.3
	50+	.	.	.	60.6
	Total	.	.	.	61.8
CH (Switzerland)	Under 30	.	.	75.6	.
	30 to 49	.	.	79.6	.
	50+	.	.	74.6	.
	Total	.	.	77.4	.
EC12	Under 30	75.0	68.7	74.0	74.0
	30 to 49	72.3	71.8	76.4	75.1
	50+	71.1	64.9	73.8	73.9
	Total	72.7	69.6	75.3	74.5
EU15	Under 30	74.9	68.6	73.8	74.0
	30 to 49	72.7	71.8	76.2	75.1
	50+	71.8	65.3	73.4	73.8
	Total	73.1	69.6	75.0	74.5
EU27	Under 30	.	68.0	72.7	73.9
	30 to 49	.	70.4	75.6	74.8
	50+	.	65.5	72.5	72.5
	Total	.	68.7	74.2	74.0

Employment status

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a) - Yes
Country	Employment status	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Employee: permanent contract	77.6	66.6	73.0	79.1
	Employee: other arrangement	69.3	67.4	71.1	80.3
	Self-employed	83.6	70.3	80.2	83.9
	Total	77.7	67.1	73.2	79.7
BG (Bulgaria)	Employee: permanent contract	.	59.3	64.3	64.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	62.2	48.9	50.4
	Self-employed	.	52.5	67.8	74.3
	Total	.	58.6	60.4	63.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Employee: permanent contract	.	71.8	68.1	63.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	63.4	71.5	56.9
	Self-employed	.	72.0	75.5	69.0
	Total	.	71.1	69.3	63.3
DK (Denmark)	Employee: permanent contract	80.5	79.0	79.8	69.3
	Employee: other arrangement	65.5	77.3	77.0	68.0
	Self-employed	86.9	80.7	81.8	79.9
	Total	79.0	78.8	79.4	70.1
DE (Germany)	Employee: permanent contract	69.4	63.3	71.7	77.7
	Employee: other arrangement	67.0	60.6	72.8	63.6
	Self-employed	80.5	68.7	71.0	71.7
	Total	70.5	63.3	71.4	74.4
EE (Estonia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	67.2	68.2	71.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	68.5	66.1	56.3
	Self-employed	.	68.2	61.2	74.8
	Total	.	67.6	67.3	69.8
EL (Greece)	Employee: permanent contract	49.6	51.4	60.6	65.3
	Employee: other arrangement	43.3	53.5	48.0	57.0
	Self-employed	53.0	58.0	63.2	70.4
	Total	50.5	54.5	58.2	64.9
ES (Spain)	Employee: permanent contract	75.9	68.4	74.1	73.4
	Employee: other arrangement	67.5	70.3	68.0	66.2
	Self-employed	74.0	71.7	83.6	69.4
	Total	72.4	69.5	74.2	70.2
FR (France)	Employee: permanent contract	68.0	71.6	75.0	73.1
	Employee: other arrangement	66.0	63.9	77.3	62.9
	Self-employed	59.3	73.4	84.8	78.7
	Total	66.2	70.5	76.2	71.8
IE (Ireland)	Employee: permanent contract	73.4	73.3	75.5	89.2
	Employee: other arrangement	75.7	69.0	65.0	77.0
	Self-employed	73.7	83.6	80.7	82.6
	Total	73.6	74.1	72.8	83.4
IT (Italy)	Employee: permanent contract	66.0	67.4	81.1	74.5
	Employee: other arrangement	67.6	65.2	67.8	69.0
	Self-employed	74.2	65.0	76.6	70.5
	Total	68.8	66.6	76.8	72.1
CY (Cyprus)	Employee: permanent contract	.	73.2	72.3	66.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	56.4	61.9	69.3
	Self-employed	.	68.6	74.5	75.5
	Total	.	65.9	68.1	69.3
LV (Latvia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	57.9	71.0	75.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	57.8	68.2	62.2
	Self-employed	.	51.8	84.6	67.7
	Total	.	56.8	71.5	72.4
LT (Lithuania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	51.9	60.6	63.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	44.2	60.0	53.0
	Self-employed	.	36.8	50.3	32.1
	Total	.	47.8	58.6	58.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Employee: permanent contract	62.9	64.7	74.4	77.1
	Employee: other arrangement	50.5	66.3	69.2	75.3
	Self-employed	65.7	74.8	62.2	80.7
	Total	61.9	66.0	73.1	76.6
HU (Hungary)	Employee: permanent contract	.	75.8	85.5	85.0
	Employee: other arrangement	.	81.4	79.8	77.4
	Self-employed	.	79.7	79.6	89.1
	Total	.	76.4	83.4	84.0
MT (Malta)	Employee: permanent contract	.	64.4	78.5	81.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	62.6	69.6	73.2
	Self-employed	.	68.8	71.8	78.7
	Total	.	64.7	73.7	78.0
NL (Netherlands)	Employee: permanent contract	84.9	79.8	80.1	76.7
	Employee: other arrangement	81.4	75.7	65.4	80.4
	Self-employed	85.0	80.6	72.7	79.8
	Total	84.3	79.0	76.4	77.4
AT (Austria)	Employee: permanent contract	71.3	78.6	82.1	90.0
	Employee: other arrangement	80.2	76.4	80.4	83.8
	Self-employed	83.7	83.8	85.3	93.7
	Total	73.3	79.2	82.4	88.7
PL (Poland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	58.7	75.5	74.9
	Employee: other arrangement	.	66.1	71.4	71.8
	Self-employed	.	53.7	74.4	81.0
	Total	.	57.6	73.7	74.4
PT (Portugal)	Employee: permanent contract	70.2	66.2	86.6	80.1
	Employee: other arrangement	68.1	49.8	77.4	71.4
	Self-employed	60.5	49.5	72.8	51.9
	Total	66.9	59.5	81.6	71.9
RO (Romania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	76.5	78.3	79.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	68.7	58.3	69.6
	Self-employed	.	60.4	64.2	61.5
	Total	.	72.1	68.0	72.7
SI (Slovenia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	67.3	69.0	75.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	57.0	60.3	66.2
	Self-employed	.	70.5	66.3	78.3
	Total	.	64.7	66.9	71.8
SK (Slovakia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	74.4	69.1	72.9
	Employee: other arrangement	.	71.0	68.6	53.4
	Self-employed	.	82.0	75.4	76.0
	Total	.	74.9	69.6	69.6
FI (Finland)	Employee: permanent contract	76.6	77.5	78.6	76.1
	Employee: other arrangement	66.1	69.0	72.5	65.6
	Self-employed	84.8	84.3	88.4	83.7
	Total	76.2	76.6	78.4	74.6
SE (Sweden)	Employee: permanent contract	82.3	58.9	57.8	62.0
	Employee: other arrangement	82.3	51.7	56.3	57.7
	Self-employed	90.4	59.0	51.4	55.3
	Total	83.1	57.9	57.1	61.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Employee: permanent contract	84.3	80.9	79.9	83.0
	Employee: other arrangement	80.0	81.8	82.9	81.3
	Self-employed	82.4	73.5	77.5	81.1
	Total	83.8	79.9	79.9	81.9
HR (Croatia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	70.7	68.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	70.7	63.6
	Self-employed	.	.	76.8	73.5
	Total	.	.	71.0	67.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	70.9
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	65.2
	Self-employed	.	.	.	71.3
	Total	.	.	.	69.0
TR (Turkey)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	79.1	81.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	76.5	79.5
	Self-employed	.	.	76.8	68.3
	Total	.	.	76.4	75.8
NO (Norway)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	95.8	93.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	91.5	83.7
	Self-employed	.	.	97.2	96.2
	Total	.	.	95.3	92.5
AL (Albania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	81.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	79.7
	Self-employed	.	.	.	78.4
	Total	.	.	.	79.6
XK (Kosovo)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	70.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	81.6
	Self-employed	.	.	.	72.7
	Total	.	.	.	74.5
ME (Montenegro)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	65.0
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	57.2
	Self-employed	.	.	.	62.4
	Total	.	.	.	61.8
CH (Switzerland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	77.4	.
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	73.9	.
	Self-employed	.	.	81.4	.
	Total	.	.	77.4	.
EC12	Employee: permanent contract	73.5	70.5	75.9	76.9
	Employee: other arrangement	69.3	67.6	73.0	69.0
	Self-employed	73.0	68.8	77.1	74.0
	Total	72.7	69.6	75.3	74.5
EU15	Employee: permanent contract	73.8	70.5	75.6	76.7
	Employee: other arrangement	69.8	67.4	72.9	69.0
	Self-employed	73.6	69.1	77.2	74.2
	Total	73.1	69.6	75.0	74.5
EU27	Employee: permanent contract	.	70.0	75.3	76.2
	Employee: other arrangement	.	67.0	71.8	68.7
	Self-employed	.	66.7	75.7	74.0
	Total	.	68.7	74.2	74.0

Industry/services

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a) - Yes
Country	Industry/services	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Industry	88.7	77.3	81.2	84.0
	Services	72.8	63.2	70.3	78.0
	Total	77.7	67.1	73.2	79.7
BG (Bulgaria)	Industry	.	73.5	75.7	77.6
	Services	.	47.3	50.0	54.5
	Total	.	58.6	60.4	63.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Industry	.	84.5	78.8	73.3
	Services	.	59.6	62.6	57.0
	Total	.	71.1	69.3	63.3
DK (Denmark)	Industry	86.2	87.2	84.3	82.3
	Services	75.8	75.3	77.9	66.5
	Total	79.0	78.8	79.4	70.1
DE (Germany)	Industry	81.0	81.3	83.3	86.7
	Services	63.9	52.9	65.6	69.2
	Total	70.5	63.3	71.4	74.4
EE (Estonia)	Industry	.	79.8	80.6	85.0
	Services	.	58.9	58.5	61.4
	Total	.	67.6	67.3	69.8
EL (Greece)	Industry	58.5	62.6	65.2	70.9
	Services	44.8	49.3	54.6	62.0
	Total	50.5	54.5	58.2	64.9
ES (Spain)	Industry	75.6	77.8	80.9	78.3
	Services	70.5	64.5	71.0	66.9
	Total	72.4	69.5	74.2	70.2
FR (France)	Industry	80.2	86.9	83.9	84.5
	Services	59.8	63.3	73.3	67.5
	Total	66.2	70.5	76.2	71.8
IE (Ireland)	Industry	82.9	82.2	84.6	87.0
	Services	68.2	69.4	66.8	82.2
	Total	73.6	74.1	72.8	83.4
IT (Italy)	Industry	70.0	77.2	83.3	77.1
	Services	68.0	60.1	73.2	69.6
	Total	68.8	66.6	76.8	72.1
CY (Cyprus)	Industry	.	72.6	82.0	79.4
	Services	.	63.2	62.3	66.1
	Total	.	65.9	68.1	69.3
LV (Latvia)	Industry	.	72.6	83.1	80.7
	Services	.	45.4	64.2	68.5
	Total	.	56.8	71.5	72.4
LT (Lithuania)	Industry	.	56.1	68.8	66.2
	Services	.	41.0	51.1	53.7
	Total	.	47.8	58.6	58.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Industry	72.5	85.4	81.5	90.1
	Services	58.3	60.0	70.4	74.4
	Total	61.9	66.0	73.1	76.6
HU (Hungary)	Industry	.	84.9	85.3	92.4
	Services	.	70.6	82.1	79.6
	Total	.	76.4	83.4	84.0
MT (Malta)	Industry	.	79.1	77.7	84.5
	Services	.	57.6	71.7	75.9
	Total	.	64.7	73.7	78.0
NL (Netherlands)	Industry	89.4	85.1	87.6	83.0
	Services	82.4	77.0	72.7	75.8
	Total	84.3	79.0	76.4	77.4
AT (Austria)	Industry	83.3	91.9	92.2	95.3
	Services	67.2	72.1	77.7	86.0
	Total	73.3	79.2	82.4	88.7
PL (Poland)	Industry	.	64.8	80.4	81.7
	Services	.	50.3	67.1	69.7
	Total	.	57.6	73.7	74.4
PT (Portugal)	Industry	73.9	66.6	84.8	76.1
	Services	61.6	53.2	79.2	69.5
	Total	66.9	59.5	81.6	71.9
RO (Romania)	Industry	.	75.0	68.8	72.7
	Services	.	65.1	67.2	72.1
	Total	.	72.1	68.0	72.7
SI (Slovenia)	Industry	.	75.4	78.1	82.1
	Services	.	54.5	56.2	65.5
	Total	.	64.7	66.9	71.8
SK (Slovakia)	Industry	.	85.4	86.5	87.9
	Services	.	66.8	56.0	57.4
	Total	.	74.9	69.6	69.6
FI (Finland)	Industry	87.1	88.4	81.1	81.9
	Services	70.2	70.4	77.2	71.7
	Total	76.2	76.6	78.4	74.6
SE (Sweden)	Industry	92.1	66.7	73.0	74.7
	Services	79.4	54.6	51.6	57.6
	Total	83.1	57.9	57.1	61.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Industry	83.8	89.3	84.9	87.8
	Services	83.8	76.4	78.4	80.5
	Total	83.8	79.9	79.9	81.9
HR (Croatia)	Industry	.	.	83.6	75.7
	Services	.	.	60.2	63.1
	Total	.	.	71.0	67.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Industry	.	.	.	77.7
	Services	.	.	.	63.2
	Total	.	.	.	69.0
TR (Turkey)	Industry	.	.	80.8	73.1
	Services	.	.	69.7	78.1
	Total	.	.	76.4	75.8
NO (Norway)	Industry	.	.	97.0	93.7
	Services	.	.	94.7	92.1
	Total	.	.	95.3	92.5
AL (Albania)	Industry	.	.	.	78.6
	Services	.	.	.	80.6
	Total	.	.	.	79.6
XK (Kosovo)	Industry	.	.	.	81.9
	Services	.	.	.	70.4
	Total	.	.	.	74.5
ME (Montenegro)	Industry	.	.	.	73.5
	Services	.	.	.	57.4
	Total	.	.	.	61.8
CH (Switzerland)	Industry	.	.	88.0	.
	Services	.	.	73.6	.
	Total	.	.	77.4	.
EC12	Industry	78.7	81.2	83.0	82.7
	Services	69.5	63.8	71.9	71.4
	Total	72.7	69.6	75.3	74.5
EU15	Industry	79.3	81.3	83.0	82.8
	Services	69.7	63.8	71.5	71.4
	Total	73.1	69.6	75.0	74.5
EU27	Industry	.	79.0	81.4	81.7
	Services	.	62.7	70.6	70.6
	Total	.	68.7	74.2	74.0

Type of occupation

Does your work involve meeting precise quality standards? (q49a) - Yes
Country	Type of occupation	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	High-skilled clerical	78.0	66.0	72.2	80.5
	Low-skilled clerical	75.2	62.3	70.8	77.3
	High-skilled manual	90.9	84.1	85.4	87.5
	Low-skilled manual	70.3	66.7	71.7	78.3
	Total	77.7	67.1	73.2	79.7
BG (Bulgaria)	High-skilled clerical	.	55.3	56.0	69.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	45.6	49.2	51.3
	High-skilled manual	.	78.4	83.7	87.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	64.2	61.8	57.2
	Total	.	58.6	60.4	63.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	High-skilled clerical	.	64.6	74.3	57.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	62.6	59.4	56.9
	High-skilled manual	.	92.4	86.7	83.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	67.2	66.4	64.0
	Total	.	71.1	69.3	63.3
DK (Denmark)	High-skilled clerical	76.1	78.4	70.4	64.7
	Low-skilled clerical	75.4	75.1	80.8	67.3
	High-skilled manual	88.9	91.2	92.5	92.9
	Low-skilled manual	82.3	80.0	78.7	70.3
	Total	79.0	78.8	79.4	70.1
DE (Germany)	High-skilled clerical	63.1	59.6	77.3	77.7
	Low-skilled clerical	69.7	57.9	62.2	69.4
	High-skilled manual	88.4	85.6	89.4	94.4
	Low-skilled manual	56.9	53.9	69.3	66.1
	Total	70.5	63.3	71.4	74.4
EE (Estonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	71.9	64.7	67.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	57.5	64.9	64.2
	High-skilled manual	.	85.7	85.8	87.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	60.2	60.0	68.7
	Total	.	67.6	67.3	69.8
EL (Greece)	High-skilled clerical	52.3	58.7	63.5	74.6
	Low-skilled clerical	47.2	45.8	55.5	60.2
	High-skilled manual	57.2	64.4	63.9	71.7
	Low-skilled manual	38.4	42.8	45.2	49.8
	Total	50.5	54.5	58.2	64.9
ES (Spain)	High-skilled clerical	73.6	61.8	75.0	61.8
	Low-skilled clerical	74.2	68.8	71.3	71.6
	High-skilled manual	75.0	77.3	88.1	79.3
	Low-skilled manual	66.0	69.8	68.0	69.4
	Total	72.4	69.5	74.2	70.2
FR (France)	High-skilled clerical	57.8	57.3	75.6	71.9
	Low-skilled clerical	61.6	64.3	72.2	66.6
	High-skilled manual	83.1	89.4	91.4	85.7
	Low-skilled manual	67.6	80.1	75.7	72.0
	Total	66.2	70.5	76.2	71.8
IE (Ireland)	High-skilled clerical	78.7	74.9	76.9	87.6
	Low-skilled clerical	63.2	65.8	61.3	80.3
	High-skilled manual	83.6	87.7	90.6	90.4
	Low-skilled manual	74.8	75.1	65.4	74.5
	Total	73.6	74.1	72.8	83.4
IT (Italy)	High-skilled clerical	76.2	67.6	75.0	72.6
	Low-skilled clerical	63.2	61.3	77.6	69.9
	High-skilled manual	73.1	76.9	85.5	75.4
	Low-skilled manual	71.3	66.6	71.9	72.9
	Total	68.8	66.6	76.8	72.1
CY (Cyprus)	High-skilled clerical	.	71.5	81.0	76.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	62.9	64.8	65.7
	High-skilled manual	.	78.8	86.9	81.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	55.0	53.8	61.7
	Total	.	65.9	68.1	69.3
LV (Latvia)	High-skilled clerical	.	56.3	67.0	79.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	45.9	69.8	71.7
	High-skilled manual	.	70.6	88.7	89.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	59.0	65.4	57.0
	Total	.	56.8	71.5	72.4
LT (Lithuania)	High-skilled clerical	.	51.0	60.4	60.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	40.5	55.7	54.0
	High-skilled manual	.	63.1	78.5	65.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	34.7	49.7	52.9
	Total	.	47.8	58.6	58.0
LU (Luxembourg)	High-skilled clerical	56.0	61.3	71.4	72.3
	Low-skilled clerical	60.8	65.6	71.6	76.3
	High-skilled manual	73.3	81.9	86.8	90.5
	Low-skilled manual	59.6	59.8	70.9	76.4
	Total	61.9	66.0	73.1	76.6
HU (Hungary)	High-skilled clerical	.	75.8	85.5	81.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	68.1	82.0	82.6
	High-skilled manual	.	89.7	85.9	95.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	74.4	81.4	78.3
	Total	.	76.4	83.4	84.0
MT (Malta)	High-skilled clerical	.	73.7	87.5	90.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	55.0	71.9	74.4
	High-skilled manual	.	88.5	83.7	85.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	61.5	61.5	68.7
	Total	.	64.7	73.7	78.0
NL (Netherlands)	High-skilled clerical	81.2	74.1	70.6	73.5
	Low-skilled clerical	85.1	79.2	77.6	75.9
	High-skilled manual	92.9	90.7	88.2	88.3
	Low-skilled manual	80.9	79.8	79.3	83.3
	Total	84.3	79.0	76.4	77.4
AT (Austria)	High-skilled clerical	78.2	82.7	82.8	86.9
	Low-skilled clerical	70.0	72.5	78.6	88.9
	High-skilled manual	83.4	92.9	94.3	97.5
	Low-skilled manual	68.0	74.7	78.5	81.5
	Total	73.3	79.2	82.4	88.7
PL (Poland)	High-skilled clerical	.	50.1	75.7	80.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	51.3	63.7	68.2
	High-skilled manual	.	65.8	80.7	82.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	61.2	71.5	67.1
	Total	.	57.6	73.7	74.4
PT (Portugal)	High-skilled clerical	72.3	63.0	78.8	73.4
	Low-skilled clerical	64.0	55.6	80.5	73.8
	High-skilled manual	70.5	64.6	82.7	75.1
	Low-skilled manual	62.8	56.8	83.6	63.4
	Total	66.9	59.5	81.6	71.9
RO (Romania)	High-skilled clerical	.	70.3	80.6	77.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	56.2	66.6	73.7
	High-skilled manual	.	74.6	63.9	72.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	79.0	71.3	67.1
	Total	.	72.1	68.0	72.7
SI (Slovenia)	High-skilled clerical	.	54.8	58.2	74.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	53.0	66.0	67.1
	High-skilled manual	.	78.8	81.4	81.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	77.9	64.1	70.7
	Total	.	64.7	66.9	71.8
SK (Slovakia)	High-skilled clerical	.	66.7	63.7	70.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	71.0	58.1	59.1
	High-skilled manual	.	88.4	89.2	94.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	73.7	75.5	68.6
	Total	.	74.9	69.6	69.6
FI (Finland)	High-skilled clerical	77.2	77.3	78.2	74.3
	Low-skilled clerical	71.7	68.0	74.7	71.6
	High-skilled manual	87.8	91.5	87.2	83.1
	Low-skilled manual	71.3	75.0	79.6	75.8
	Total	76.2	76.6	78.4	74.6
SE (Sweden)	High-skilled clerical	86.8	49.8	54.1	49.9
	Low-skilled clerical	79.2	52.7	50.8	62.1
	High-skilled manual	93.3	73.2	69.4	78.2
	Low-skilled manual	81.0	70.9	69.8	64.9
	Total	83.1	57.9	57.1	61.1
UK (United Kingdom)	High-skilled clerical	85.0	76.1	83.5	84.9
	Low-skilled clerical	79.4	78.5	76.6	77.1
	High-skilled manual	92.9	95.0	89.0	94.8
	Low-skilled manual	83.8	78.8	77.2	80.3
	Total	83.8	79.9	79.9	81.9
HR (Croatia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	69.6	69.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	63.4	64.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	89.3	78.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	72.3	62.1
	Total	.	.	71.0	67.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	73.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	61.6
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	82.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	68.6
	Total	.	.	.	69.0
TR (Turkey)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	75.4	86.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	69.4	82.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	79.8	70.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	74.2	69.4
	Total	.	.	76.4	75.8
NO (Norway)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	96.3	91.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	94.2	91.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	97.5	98.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	95.7	92.1
	Total	.	.	95.3	92.5
AL (Albania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	83.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	79.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	81.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	68.9
	Total	.	.	.	79.6
XK (Kosovo)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	79.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	67.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	83.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	72.6
	Total	.	.	.	74.5
ME (Montenegro)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	76.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	55.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	71.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	52.4
	Total	.	.	.	61.8
CH (Switzerland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	77.9	.
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	72.6	.
	High-skilled manual	.	.	89.6	.
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	75.3	.
	Total	.	.	77.4	.
EC12	High-skilled clerical	72.7	66.7	76.6	75.8
	Low-skilled clerical	69.8	65.5	71.1	71.2
	High-skilled manual	82.2	83.1	87.3	85.5
	Low-skilled manual	68.8	68.6	72.8	71.5
	Total	72.7	69.6	75.3	74.5
EU15	High-skilled clerical	73.2	66.7	76.1	75.3
	Low-skilled clerical	70.1	65.3	70.7	71.4
	High-skilled manual	82.6	83.3	87.1	85.6
	Low-skilled manual	69.1	68.9	73.0	71.7
	Total	73.1	69.6	75.0	74.5
EU27	High-skilled clerical	.	65.6	75.8	75.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	63.9	69.8	70.6
	High-skilled manual	.	81.0	83.7	84.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	68.7	72.2	70.4
	Total	.	68.7	74.2	74.0

Page last updated: 15 November, 2010

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