EWCS 2010 Survey Results

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b)

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Gender

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b) - Yes
Country	Gender	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Male	7.6	10.3
	Female	8.1	9.7
	Total	7.8	10.0
BG (Bulgaria)	Male	2.6	3.8
	Female	2.7	3.0
	Total	2.7	3.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Male	5.3	8.0
	Female	6.0	7.5
	Total	5.6	7.8
DK (Denmark)	Male	3.2	5.2
	Female	3.9	6.5
	Total	3.5	5.8
DE (Germany)	Male	4.9	9.0
	Female	5.0	10.6
	Total	4.9	9.7
EE (Estonia)	Male	7.0	6.7
	Female	6.7	9.1
	Total	6.8	7.9
EL (Greece)	Male	5.3	6.1
	Female	6.7	8.0
	Total	5.8	6.9
ES (Spain)	Male	10.4	17.2
	Female	8.7	13.8
	Total	9.7	15.7
FR (France)	Male	2.3	6.1
	Female	2.4	3.8
	Total	2.3	5.0
IE (Ireland)	Male	5.1	11.9
	Female	11.4	12.4
	Total	7.7	12.1
IT (Italy)	Male	6.3	9.0
	Female	11.1	8.0
	Total	8.2	8.6
CY (Cyprus)	Male	5.6	6.5
	Female	4.6	8.6
	Total	5.2	7.4
LV (Latvia)	Male	10.3	9.3
	Female	15.5	13.0
	Total	12.8	11.2
LT (Lithuania)	Male	8.8	6.8
	Female	12.4	14.8
	Total	10.5	11.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Male	8.3	7.3
	Female	7.6	11.9
	Total	8.0	9.3
HU (Hungary)	Male	5.1	6.5
	Female	6.2	8.3
	Total	5.6	7.3
MT (Malta)	Male	14.3	8.3
	Female	12.7	11.4
	Total	13.8	9.3
NL (Netherlands)	Male	9.2	8.8
	Female	7.4	8.6
	Total	8.4	8.7
AT (Austria)	Male	10.7	13.1
	Female	9.6	15.7
	Total	10.2	14.3
PL (Poland)	Male	4.3	9.0
	Female	8.2	6.8
	Total	6.0	8.0
PT (Portugal)	Male	4.9	6.6
	Female	5.3	6.2
	Total	5.1	6.4
RO (Romania)	Male	3.2	6.9
	Female	6.2	10.2
	Total	4.6	8.3
SI (Slovenia)	Male	9.4	12.8
	Female	10.6	9.3
	Total	9.9	11.2
SK (Slovakia)	Male	3.5	7.2
	Female	7.6	10.9
	Total	5.3	8.8
FI (Finland)	Male	8.3	8.8
	Female	11.0	10.4
	Total	9.6	9.6
SE (Sweden)	Male	7.1	5.8
	Female	7.8	7.4
	Total	7.4	6.6
UK (United Kingdom)	Male	5.4	8.0
	Female	3.5	6.7
	Total	4.5	7.4
HR (Croatia)	Male	2.9	4.2
	Female	4.5	3.2
	Total	3.6	3.8
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Male	.	9.1
	Female	.	5.5
	Total	.	7.7
TR (Turkey)	Male	4.8	6.8
	Female	8.4	7.0
	Total	5.7	6.9
NO (Norway)	Male	6.4	5.9
	Female	7.8	7.7
	Total	7.1	6.7
AL (Albania)	Male	.	4.4
	Female	.	5.6
	Total	.	4.9
XK (Kosovo)	Male	.	12.4
	Female	.	15.9
	Total	.	13.4
ME (Montenegro)	Male	.	3.9
	Female	.	6.5
	Total	.	5.0
CH (Switzerland)	Male	11.3	.
	Female	14.2	.
	Total	12.6	.
EC12	Male	5.8	9.2
	Female	5.8	8.4
	Total	5.8	8.8
EU15	Male	6.0	9.2
	Female	6.0	8.6
	Total	6.0	8.9
EU27	Male	5.7	8.9
	Female	6.2	8.5
	Total	5.9	8.7

Age

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b) - Yes
Country	Age	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Under 30	6.5	10.5
	30 to 49	7.9	10.2
	50+	9.0	9.2
	Total	7.8	10.0
BG (Bulgaria)	Under 30	4.6	3.3
	30 to 49	2.3	4.2
	50+	2.0	2.1
	Total	2.7	3.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Under 30	4.5	9.4
	30 to 49	6.3	8.3
	50+	5.1	6.0
	Total	5.6	7.8
DK (Denmark)	Under 30	2.5	5.8
	30 to 49	4.8	5.9
	50+	2.0	5.8
	Total	3.5	5.8
DE (Germany)	Under 30	3.9	7.1
	30 to 49	6.2	10.0
	50+	3.0	11.0
	Total	4.9	9.7
EE (Estonia)	Under 30	5.6	5.2
	30 to 49	9.8	10.3
	50+	2.2	5.4
	Total	6.8	7.9
EL (Greece)	Under 30	8.8	8.1
	30 to 49	5.8	7.6
	50+	3.2	4.6
	Total	5.8	6.9
ES (Spain)	Under 30	9.0	16.9
	30 to 49	11.2	17.4
	50+	6.5	10.4
	Total	9.7	15.7
FR (France)	Under 30	4.8	7.0
	30 to 49	1.5	4.5
	50+	2.2	4.3
	Total	2.3	5.0
IE (Ireland)	Under 30	7.9	13.0
	30 to 49	9.0	13.5
	50+	4.5	8.7
	Total	7.7	12.1
IT (Italy)	Under 30	7.1	8.9
	30 to 49	9.6	9.1
	50+	5.2	7.2
	Total	8.2	8.6
CY (Cyprus)	Under 30	6.5	14.3
	30 to 49	5.2	6.8
	50+	3.9	3.5
	Total	5.2	7.4
LV (Latvia)	Under 30	17.8	13.8
	30 to 49	14.1	11.2
	50+	6.0	9.3
	Total	12.8	11.2
LT (Lithuania)	Under 30	9.6	9.1
	30 to 49	11.9	11.8
	50+	8.1	10.7
	Total	10.5	11.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Under 30	7.9	9.9
	30 to 49	6.6	9.6
	50+	13.1	8.2
	Total	8.0	9.3
HU (Hungary)	Under 30	8.9	8.2
	30 to 49	3.6	6.7
	50+	6.7	8.0
	Total	5.6	7.3
MT (Malta)	Under 30	18.4	15.5
	30 to 49	13.7	7.8
	50+	6.4	3.8
	Total	13.8	9.3
NL (Netherlands)	Under 30	15.1	7.1
	30 to 49	6.9	8.4
	50+	3.8	10.4
	Total	8.4	8.7
AT (Austria)	Under 30	6.8	9.2
	30 to 49	10.9	15.2
	50+	12.9	16.9
	Total	10.2	14.3
PL (Poland)	Under 30	4.3	3.7
	30 to 49	6.3	9.8
	50+	7.3	8.7
	Total	6.0	8.0
PT (Portugal)	Under 30	4.9	9.2
	30 to 49	5.7	7.5
	50+	4.1	3.1
	Total	5.1	6.4
RO (Romania)	Under 30	5.4	8.4
	30 to 49	5.1	10.3
	50+	2.8	4.5
	Total	4.6	8.3
SI (Slovenia)	Under 30	18.2	13.6
	30 to 49	8.6	10.9
	50+	4.7	9.6
	Total	9.9	11.2
SK (Slovakia)	Under 30	5.7	6.0
	30 to 49	5.0	10.7
	50+	6.1	6.8
	Total	5.3	8.8
FI (Finland)	Under 30	9.5	8.0
	30 to 49	10.5	10.2
	50+	8.1	9.6
	Total	9.6	9.6
SE (Sweden)	Under 30	5.8	6.7
	30 to 49	9.1	6.8
	50+	5.9	6.5
	Total	7.4	6.6
UK (United Kingdom)	Under 30	6.7	7.9
	30 to 49	4.3	8.2
	50+	2.9	5.7
	Total	4.5	7.4
HR (Croatia)	Under 30	3.4	4.5
	30 to 49	3.3	4.3
	50+	4.4	2.7
	Total	3.6	3.8
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Under 30	.	9.4
	30 to 49	.	7.4
	50+	.	7.0
	Total	.	7.7
TR (Turkey)	Under 30	6.9	8.4
	30 to 49	5.0	6.9
	50+	5.3	3.0
	Total	5.7	6.9
NO (Norway)	Under 30	3.4	7.0
	30 to 49	8.7	5.1
	50+	7.3	9.2
	Total	7.1	6.7
AL (Albania)	Under 30	.	7.2
	30 to 49	.	4.2
	50+	.	4.7
	Total	.	4.9
XK (Kosovo)	Under 30	.	12.0
	30 to 49	.	16.2
	50+	.	10.6
	Total	.	13.4
ME (Montenegro)	Under 30	.	8.3
	30 to 49	.	4.6
	50+	.	2.2
	Total	.	5.0
CH (Switzerland)	Under 30	11.1	.
	30 to 49	13.3	.
	50+	12.6	.
	Total	12.6	.
EC12	Under 30	6.6	8.8
	30 to 49	6.4	9.3
	50+	3.7	7.8
	Total	5.8	8.8
EU15	Under 30	6.7	8.8
	30 to 49	6.6	9.4
	50+	4.0	8.0
	Total	6.0	8.9
EU27	Under 30	6.5	8.3
	30 to 49	6.5	9.4
	50+	4.3	7.8
	Total	5.9	8.7

Employment status

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b) - Yes
Country	Employment status	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Employee: permanent contract	6.5	6.4
	Employee: other arrangement	7.2	9.0
	Self-employed	16.1	28.8
	Total	7.8	10.0
BG (Bulgaria)	Employee: permanent contract	2.3	3.0
	Employee: other arrangement	3.5	1.8
	Self-employed	1.9	6.7
	Total	2.7	3.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Employee: permanent contract	4.4	3.9
	Employee: other arrangement	4.3	6.7
	Self-employed	13.3	21.8
	Total	5.6	7.8
DK (Denmark)	Employee: permanent contract	2.7	3.3
	Employee: other arrangement	5.7	6.5
	Self-employed	6.6	26.4
	Total	3.5	5.8
DE (Germany)	Employee: permanent contract	2.7	5.9
	Employee: other arrangement	4.7	6.2
	Self-employed	24.6	39.3
	Total	4.9	9.7
EE (Estonia)	Employee: permanent contract	5.4	7.5
	Employee: other arrangement	9.2	4.1
	Self-employed	16.7	16.7
	Total	6.8	7.9
EL (Greece)	Employee: permanent contract	5.9	5.4
	Employee: other arrangement	5.3	5.6
	Self-employed	6.2	9.4
	Total	5.8	6.9
ES (Spain)	Employee: permanent contract	11.2	15.8
	Employee: other arrangement	7.5	16.3
	Self-employed	9.2	15.5
	Total	9.7	15.7
FR (France)	Employee: permanent contract	0.9	1.8
	Employee: other arrangement	3.8	5.5
	Self-employed	9.6	21.2
	Total	2.3	5.0
IE (Ireland)	Employee: permanent contract	8.6	8.4
	Employee: other arrangement	6.3	10.7
	Self-employed	8.5	27.4
	Total	7.7	12.1
IT (Italy)	Employee: permanent contract	5.1	4.9
	Employee: other arrangement	9.0	8.7
	Self-employed	13.3	18.8
	Total	8.2	8.6
CY (Cyprus)	Employee: permanent contract	5.8	5.6
	Employee: other arrangement	3.0	5.9
	Self-employed	9.3	14.8
	Total	5.2	7.4
LV (Latvia)	Employee: permanent contract	11.9	9.9
	Employee: other arrangement	9.9	13.1
	Self-employed	29.3	21.9
	Total	12.8	11.2
LT (Lithuania)	Employee: permanent contract	7.7	10.4
	Employee: other arrangement	6.6	4.9
	Self-employed	23.9	18.1
	Total	10.5	11.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Employee: permanent contract	7.8	5.7
	Employee: other arrangement	7.0	12.8
	Self-employed	10.5	27.5
	Total	8.0	9.3
HU (Hungary)	Employee: permanent contract	5.1	5.3
	Employee: other arrangement	3.2	9.1
	Self-employed	8.1	18.4
	Total	5.6	7.3
MT (Malta)	Employee: permanent contract	15.2	8.8
	Employee: other arrangement	12.2	9.2
	Self-employed	15.6	12.2
	Total	13.8	9.3
NL (Netherlands)	Employee: permanent contract	3.7	4.9
	Employee: other arrangement	18.7	7.7
	Self-employed	21.0	28.0
	Total	8.4	8.7
AT (Austria)	Employee: permanent contract	6.1	10.2
	Employee: other arrangement	7.7	9.0
	Self-employed	26.3	45.4
	Total	10.2	14.3
PL (Poland)	Employee: permanent contract	7.0	5.5
	Employee: other arrangement	3.5	2.7
	Self-employed	7.3	20.6
	Total	6.0	8.0
PT (Portugal)	Employee: permanent contract	4.7	6.1
	Employee: other arrangement	5.7	3.1
	Self-employed	6.0	11.4
	Total	5.1	6.4
RO (Romania)	Employee: permanent contract	6.6	8.2
	Employee: other arrangement	4.5	14.2
	Self-employed	1.3	7.1
	Total	4.6	8.3
SI (Slovenia)	Employee: permanent contract	7.4	7.7
	Employee: other arrangement	11.0	7.2
	Self-employed	24.1	33.5
	Total	9.9	11.2
SK (Slovakia)	Employee: permanent contract	3.0	5.4
	Employee: other arrangement	2.4	3.6
	Self-employed	19.8	34.4
	Total	5.3	8.8
FI (Finland)	Employee: permanent contract	7.4	6.1
	Employee: other arrangement	13.7	10.9
	Self-employed	17.0	29.9
	Total	9.6	9.6
SE (Sweden)	Employee: permanent contract	6.1	3.1
	Employee: other arrangement	13.5	14.5
	Self-employed	14.8	24.0
	Total	7.4	6.6
UK (United Kingdom)	Employee: permanent contract	4.9	5.6
	Employee: other arrangement	2.7	4.2
	Self-employed	6.7	20.5
	Total	4.5	7.4
HR (Croatia)	Employee: permanent contract	3.3	2.6
	Employee: other arrangement	2.3	1.9
	Self-employed	6.7	11.9
	Total	3.6	3.8
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	5.0
	Employee: other arrangement	.	5.7
	Self-employed	.	13.8
	Total	.	7.7
TR (Turkey)	Employee: permanent contract	10.0	13.9
	Employee: other arrangement	6.4	5.7
	Self-employed	4.8	4.2
	Total	5.7	6.9
NO (Norway)	Employee: permanent contract	4.9	4.1
	Employee: other arrangement	7.6	10.5
	Self-employed	27.4	34.3
	Total	7.1	6.7
AL (Albania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	6.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	6.3
	Self-employed	.	3.8
	Total	.	4.9
XK (Kosovo)	Employee: permanent contract	.	12.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	10.4
	Self-employed	.	15.6
	Total	.	13.4
ME (Montenegro)	Employee: permanent contract	.	4.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	6.1
	Self-employed	.	5.3
	Total	.	5.0
CH (Switzerland)	Employee: permanent contract	15.4	.
	Employee: other arrangement	12.5	.
	Self-employed	0.0	.
	Total	12.6	.
EC12	Employee: permanent contract	4.2	6.0
	Employee: other arrangement	6.0	8.1
	Self-employed	12.1	22.8
	Total	5.8	8.8
EU15	Employee: permanent contract	4.4	6.0
	Employee: other arrangement	6.3	8.2
	Self-employed	12.6	23.3
	Total	6.0	8.9
EU27	Employee: permanent contract	4.7	6.0
	Employee: other arrangement	5.9	7.7
	Self-employed	11.4	21.8
	Total	5.9	8.7

Industry/services

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b) - Yes
Country	Industry/services	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Industry	6.6	6.5
	Services	8.3	11.2
	Total	7.8	10.0
BG (Bulgaria)	Industry	0.6	2.0
	Services	4.3	4.4
	Total	2.7	3.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	Industry	3.3	3.1
	Services	7.0	10.3
	Total	5.6	7.8
DK (Denmark)	Industry	3.7	5.6
	Services	3.4	5.9
	Total	3.5	5.8
DE (Germany)	Industry	2.6	6.8
	Services	6.2	11.0
	Total	4.9	9.7
EE (Estonia)	Industry	2.8	5.9
	Services	9.0	9.0
	Total	6.8	7.9
EL (Greece)	Industry	3.3	2.1
	Services	7.2	9.1
	Total	5.8	6.9
ES (Spain)	Industry	8.6	14.5
	Services	9.9	16.2
	Total	9.7	15.7
FR (France)	Industry	1.5	3.4
	Services	2.6	5.5
	Total	2.3	5.0
IE (Ireland)	Industry	4.8	13.1
	Services	9.5	11.8
	Total	7.7	12.1
IT (Italy)	Industry	3.9	3.8
	Services	10.5	10.8
	Total	8.2	8.6
CY (Cyprus)	Industry	2.7	3.9
	Services	5.8	8.6
	Total	5.2	7.4
LV (Latvia)	Industry	9.0	6.5
	Services	15.4	13.3
	Total	12.8	11.2
LT (Lithuania)	Industry	7.0	6.6
	Services	13.5	13.2
	Total	10.5	11.0
LU (Luxembourg)	Industry	5.4	4.0
	Services	8.9	9.9
	Total	8.0	9.3
HU (Hungary)	Industry	6.9	3.5
	Services	4.6	9.4
	Total	5.6	7.3
MT (Malta)	Industry	13.3	8.7
	Services	14.1	9.6
	Total	13.8	9.3
NL (Netherlands)	Industry	5.3	5.8
	Services	9.4	9.4
	Total	8.4	8.7
AT (Austria)	Industry	5.9	11.2
	Services	12.3	15.6
	Total	10.2	14.3
PL (Poland)	Industry	2.7	6.7
	Services	9.2	9.3
	Total	6.0	8.0
PT (Portugal)	Industry	1.5	3.8
	Services	7.8	7.8
	Total	5.1	6.4
RO (Romania)	Industry	1.6	3.6
	Services	9.4	13.8
	Total	4.6	8.3
SI (Slovenia)	Industry	6.3	12.9
	Services	13.3	10.1
	Total	9.9	11.2
SK (Slovakia)	Industry	3.9	6.2
	Services	6.5	10.7
	Total	5.3	8.8
FI (Finland)	Industry	6.6	7.3
	Services	10.8	10.5
	Total	9.6	9.6
SE (Sweden)	Industry	4.2	5.4
	Services	8.6	6.9
	Total	7.4	6.6
UK (United Kingdom)	Industry	3.8	5.3
	Services	4.7	8.0
	Total	4.5	7.4
HR (Croatia)	Industry	2.2	0.7
	Services	5.0	5.7
	Total	3.6	3.8
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Industry	.	5.8
	Services	.	9.2
	Total	.	7.7
TR (Turkey)	Industry	4.2	3.8
	Services	7.5	9.5
	Total	5.7	6.9
NO (Norway)	Industry	5.9	6.2
	Services	7.5	6.6
	Total	7.1	6.7
AL (Albania)	Industry	.	3.5
	Services	.	6.2
	Total	.	4.9
XK (Kosovo)	Industry	.	10.1
	Services	.	15.2
	Total	.	13.4
ME (Montenegro)	Industry	.	3.4
	Services	.	5.6
	Total	.	5.0
CH (Switzerland)	Industry	5.2	.
	Services	15.3	.
	Total	12.6	.
EC12	Industry	3.9	6.2
	Services	6.6	9.8
	Total	5.8	8.8
EU15	Industry	4.0	6.4
	Services	6.9	9.9
	Total	6.0	8.9
EU27	Industry	3.7	6.0
	Services	7.1	9.9
	Total	5.9	8.7

Type of occupation

Have you had training in the past year paid for by yourself? (q61b) - Yes
Country	Type of occupation	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	High-skilled clerical	12.3	16.5
	Low-skilled clerical	7.8	8.4
	High-skilled manual	2.4	7.3
	Low-skilled manual	4.2	3.4
	Total	7.8	10.0
BG (Bulgaria)	High-skilled clerical	5.6	6.2
	Low-skilled clerical	4.3	3.8
	High-skilled manual	0.0	2.7
	Low-skilled manual	0.7	1.5
	Total	2.7	3.4
CZ (Czech Republic)	High-skilled clerical	10.7	13.9
	Low-skilled clerical	7.2	7.9
	High-skilled manual	2.4	4.9
	Low-skilled manual	2.4	5.3
	Total	5.6	7.8
DK (Denmark)	High-skilled clerical	3.5	10.3
	Low-skilled clerical	3.6	5.7
	High-skilled manual	5.9	4.3
	Low-skilled manual	1.7	1.5
	Total	3.5	5.8
DE (Germany)	High-skilled clerical	14.2	22.5
	Low-skilled clerical	3.8	8.0
	High-skilled manual	1.3	6.6
	Low-skilled manual	0.8	1.4
	Total	4.9	9.7
EE (Estonia)	High-skilled clerical	15.3	13.7
	Low-skilled clerical	6.3	7.2
	High-skilled manual	1.0	5.9
	Low-skilled manual	2.1	3.2
	Total	6.8	7.9
EL (Greece)	High-skilled clerical	9.1	15.7
	Low-skilled clerical	7.3	6.9
	High-skilled manual	2.8	1.2
	Low-skilled manual	2.6	1.9
	Total	5.8	6.9
ES (Spain)	High-skilled clerical	23.1	31.5
	Low-skilled clerical	10.5	16.0
	High-skilled manual	5.6	6.1
	Low-skilled manual	2.0	6.6
	Total	9.7	15.7
FR (France)	High-skilled clerical	3.6	7.0
	Low-skilled clerical	2.0	4.7
	High-skilled manual	2.2	5.6
	Low-skilled manual	2.0	2.2
	Total	2.3	5.0
IE (Ireland)	High-skilled clerical	13.7	17.0
	Low-skilled clerical	6.3	9.7
	High-skilled manual	5.1	14.4
	Low-skilled manual	0.3	3.7
	Total	7.7	12.1
IT (Italy)	High-skilled clerical	16.3	20.3
	Low-skilled clerical	6.1	8.2
	High-skilled manual	3.3	3.4
	Low-skilled manual	1.2	3.6
	Total	8.2	8.6
CY (Cyprus)	High-skilled clerical	11.3	14.9
	Low-skilled clerical	6.2	8.1
	High-skilled manual	2.2	5.4
	Low-skilled manual	1.9	1.1
	Total	5.2	7.4
LV (Latvia)	High-skilled clerical	29.7	14.8
	Low-skilled clerical	13.1	16.8
	High-skilled manual	4.2	4.0
	Low-skilled manual	4.6	3.7
	Total	12.8	11.2
LT (Lithuania)	High-skilled clerical	21.9	22.2
	Low-skilled clerical	14.2	10.9
	High-skilled manual	4.7	2.9
	Low-skilled manual	2.9	2.8
	Total	10.5	11.0
LU (Luxembourg)	High-skilled clerical	13.6	14.4
	Low-skilled clerical	6.0	8.7
	High-skilled manual	2.9	3.7
	Low-skilled manual	7.4	3.3
	Total	8.0	9.3
HU (Hungary)	High-skilled clerical	6.0	15.3
	Low-skilled clerical	6.0	8.5
	High-skilled manual	4.4	1.6
	Low-skilled manual	4.9	2.4
	Total	5.6	7.3
MT (Malta)	High-skilled clerical	24.5	17.7
	Low-skilled clerical	15.8	8.7
	High-skilled manual	10.5	6.8
	Low-skilled manual	5.6	4.1
	Total	13.8	9.3
NL (Netherlands)	High-skilled clerical	9.3	11.7
	Low-skilled clerical	8.8	8.2
	High-skilled manual	10.7	7.0
	Low-skilled manual	2.5	4.8
	Total	8.4	8.7
AT (Austria)	High-skilled clerical	21.9	34.1
	Low-skilled clerical	11.0	12.9
	High-skilled manual	3.5	10.6
	Low-skilled manual	3.2	3.2
	Total	10.2	14.3
PL (Poland)	High-skilled clerical	17.3	18.0
	Low-skilled clerical	4.6	5.8
	High-skilled manual	3.3	6.0
	Low-skilled manual	2.6	2.5
	Total	6.0	8.0
PT (Portugal)	High-skilled clerical	12.4	16.7
	Low-skilled clerical	4.4	7.2
	High-skilled manual	2.7	2.0
	Low-skilled manual	3.2	2.5
	Total	5.1	6.4
RO (Romania)	High-skilled clerical	11.0	13.1
	Low-skilled clerical	8.2	11.9
	High-skilled manual	1.7	2.4
	Low-skilled manual	3.4	6.1
	Total	4.6	8.3
SI (Slovenia)	High-skilled clerical	23.4	19.5
	Low-skilled clerical	8.0	7.7
	High-skilled manual	4.8	17.1
	Low-skilled manual	5.0	3.6
	Total	9.9	11.2
SK (Slovakia)	High-skilled clerical	13.9	20.2
	Low-skilled clerical	5.1	9.3
	High-skilled manual	3.1	4.1
	Low-skilled manual	1.5	4.6
	Total	5.3	8.8
FI (Finland)	High-skilled clerical	13.4	17.7
	Low-skilled clerical	9.4	7.1
	High-skilled manual	8.8	7.0
	Low-skilled manual	4.8	3.0
	Total	9.6	9.6
SE (Sweden)	High-skilled clerical	12.3	11.1
	Low-skilled clerical	5.0	5.8
	High-skilled manual	7.3	8.6
	Low-skilled manual	7.4	0.9
	Total	7.4	6.6
UK (United Kingdom)	High-skilled clerical	8.5	12.0
	Low-skilled clerical	3.0	6.4
	High-skilled manual	2.5	4.6
	Low-skilled manual	1.5	2.5
	Total	4.5	7.4
HR (Croatia)	High-skilled clerical	8.8	9.6
	Low-skilled clerical	3.4	4.1
	High-skilled manual	4.4	0.9
	Low-skilled manual	1.5	1.0
	Total	3.6	3.8
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	14.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	9.5
	High-skilled manual	.	6.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	4.2
	Total	.	7.7
TR (Turkey)	High-skilled clerical	7.5	11.2
	Low-skilled clerical	8.6	9.3
	High-skilled manual	4.4	4.5
	Low-skilled manual	5.6	4.8
	Total	5.7	6.9
NO (Norway)	High-skilled clerical	15.3	9.8
	Low-skilled clerical	5.2	6.9
	High-skilled manual	7.4	7.5
	Low-skilled manual	2.3	0.0
	Total	7.1	6.7
AL (Albania)	High-skilled clerical	.	13.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	5.6
	High-skilled manual	.	1.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	1.6
	Total	.	4.9
XK (Kosovo)	High-skilled clerical	.	17.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	11.8
	High-skilled manual	.	13.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	7.1
	Total	.	13.4
ME (Montenegro)	High-skilled clerical	.	10.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	4.6
	High-skilled manual	.	1.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	2.5
	Total	.	5.0
CH (Switzerland)	High-skilled clerical	18.0	.
	Low-skilled clerical	14.9	.
	High-skilled manual	4.7	.
	Low-skilled manual	4.3	.
	Total	12.6	.
EC12	High-skilled clerical	12.1	16.8
	Low-skilled clerical	4.7	8.0
	High-skilled manual	3.1	5.2
	Low-skilled manual	1.7	3.1
	Total	5.8	8.8
EU15	High-skilled clerical	12.3	17.0
	Low-skilled clerical	5.0	8.1
	High-skilled manual	3.3	5.4
	Low-skilled manual	1.9	3.0
	Total	6.0	8.9
EU27	High-skilled clerical	12.6	16.7
	Low-skilled clerical	5.2	8.0
	High-skilled manual	3.1	5.1
	Low-skilled manual	2.1	3.2
	Total	5.9	8.7

Page last updated: 15 November, 2010

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