EWCS 2010 Survey Results

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c)

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Gender

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c) - Yes
Country	Gender	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Male	66.5	76.7	68.5	72.4	72.4
	Female	64.2	78.8	67.2	71.7	74.2
	Total	65.6	77.6	68.0	72.1	73.2
BG (Bulgaria)	Male	.	.	70.5	61.3	57.4
	Female	.	.	66.6	59.2	60.8
	Total	.	.	68.7	60.3	59.0
CZ (Czech Republic)	Male	.	.	77.2	58.5	78.1
	Female	.	.	74.1	62.0	78.5
	Total	.	.	75.8	60.0	78.2
DK (Denmark)	Male	75.7	84.8	83.2	82.5	90.5
	Female	62.2	76.4	78.5	79.7	80.6
	Total	69.5	81.0	81.0	81.2	85.8
DE (Germany)	Male	55.2	65.7	69.0	62.4	63.1
	Female	54.7	67.0	68.9	62.0	66.2
	Total	55.0	66.3	69.0	62.2	64.5
EE (Estonia)	Male	.	.	81.8	78.0	84.5
	Female	.	.	83.8	81.5	87.6
	Total	.	.	82.8	79.7	86.1
EL (Greece)	Male	60.4	68.2	67.8	74.7	70.2
	Female	56.5	68.9	66.4	71.9	73.5
	Total	59.0	68.5	67.3	73.6	71.5
ES (Spain)	Male	62.8	66.5	60.2	58.6	64.5
	Female	61.5	70.4	69.6	67.8	66.7
	Total	62.4	67.9	63.7	62.2	65.5
FR (France)	Male	65.3	72.8	69.7	68.5	64.4
	Female	60.2	71.4	67.2	71.9	64.0
	Total	63.1	72.1	68.6	70.1	64.2
IE (Ireland)	Male	71.2	73.3	70.4	77.5	71.5
	Female	65.4	71.1	62.7	73.5	65.2
	Total	69.3	72.5	67.3	75.8	68.6
IT (Italy)	Male	70.4	80.6	76.8	79.8	79.7
	Female	64.5	79.2	76.0	77.4	78.4
	Total	68.4	80.1	76.5	78.8	79.2
CY (Cyprus)	Male	.	.	72.2	73.2	70.9
	Female	.	.	68.6	63.9	66.7
	Total	.	.	70.6	69.2	69.0
LV (Latvia)	Male	.	.	73.8	79.2	82.1
	Female	.	.	74.6	83.0	86.0
	Total	.	.	74.2	81.0	84.1
LT (Lithuania)	Male	.	.	72.0	82.9	82.1
	Female	.	.	79.7	82.6	81.3
	Total	.	.	75.9	82.8	81.7
LU (Luxembourg)	Male	61.5	68.5	69.5	75.7	74.3
	Female	61.7	73.3	71.1	76.5	73.3
	Total	61.6	70.2	70.1	76.0	73.9
HU (Hungary)	Male	.	.	79.1	73.1	75.6
	Female	.	.	78.7	78.0	75.9
	Total	.	.	78.9	75.4	75.8
MT (Malta)	Male	.	.	92.7	86.2	91.6
	Female	.	.	92.7	82.3	92.9
	Total	.	.	92.7	85.0	92.1
NL (Netherlands)	Male	78.9	81.5	83.3	78.3	79.4
	Female	72.5	76.9	77.2	70.0	75.9
	Total	76.4	79.6	80.7	74.7	77.8
AT (Austria)	Male	.	69.3	72.7	70.6	57.5
	Female	.	70.2	73.5	75.5	58.7
	Total	.	69.7	73.0	72.8	58.0
PL (Poland)	Male	.	.	68.9	68.7	74.8
	Female	.	.	69.9	70.5	73.2
	Total	.	.	69.4	69.5	74.1
PT (Portugal)	Male	63.5	79.7	61.8	64.9	66.8
	Female	64.3	74.0	61.8	63.2	70.9
	Total	63.8	77.1	61.8	64.1	68.7
RO (Romania)	Male	.	.	69.7	76.0	70.5
	Female	.	.	67.3	75.1	69.8
	Total	.	.	68.6	75.6	70.2
SI (Slovenia)	Male	.	.	68.8	72.6	76.2
	Female	.	.	75.9	72.4	76.1
	Total	.	.	72.0	72.5	76.2
SK (Slovakia)	Male	.	.	75.1	61.5	63.4
	Female	.	.	70.4	69.4	69.5
	Total	.	.	72.9	65.0	66.1
FI (Finland)	Male	.	77.4	73.5	78.3	88.2
	Female	.	69.2	66.0	68.7	84.5
	Total	.	73.5	70.0	73.7	86.4
SE (Sweden)	Male	.	70.2	71.5	72.5	62.9
	Female	.	58.8	58.4	58.2	58.9
	Total	.	64.7	65.3	65.6	61.0
UK (United Kingdom)	Male	73.9	81.8	73.8	68.7	69.2
	Female	68.6	77.7	70.4	68.3	70.5
	Total	71.6	80.0	72.2	68.5	69.8
HR (Croatia)	Male	.	.	.	62.1	61.6
	Female	.	.	.	64.2	56.5
	Total	.	.	.	63.0	59.3
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Male	.	.	.	.	69.2
	Female	.	.	.	.	68.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	68.9
TR (Turkey)	Male	.	.	.	87.8	65.2
	Female	.	.	.	90.7	65.1
	Total	.	.	.	88.6	65.2
NO (Norway)	Male	.	.	.	80.0	81.2
	Female	.	.	.	73.5	76.6
	Total	.	.	.	76.9	79.0
AL (Albania)	Male	.	.	.	.	65.5
	Female	.	.	.	.	68.5
	Total	.	.	.	.	66.8
XK (Kosovo)	Male	.	.	.	.	69.9
	Female	.	.	.	.	67.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	69.4
ME (Montenegro)	Male	.	.	.	.	75.0
	Female	.	.	.	.	77.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	75.8
CH (Switzerland)	Male	.	.	.	76.3	.
	Female	.	.	.	75.9	.
	Total	.	.	.	76.1	.
EC12	Male	65.4	74.1	70.9	68.7	69.0
	Female	61.8	73.0	70.1	68.9	69.5
	Total	64.0	73.6	70.5	68.8	69.3
EU15	Male	.	73.9	70.9	69.0	68.9
	Female	.	72.4	69.7	68.8	69.2
	Total	.	73.3	70.4	68.9	69.0
EU27	Male	.	.	71.2	69.1	69.7
	Female	.	.	70.1	69.3	70.0
	Total	.	.	70.7	69.2	69.8

Age

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c) - Yes
Country	Age	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Under 30	64.1	72.5	62.8	74.3	69.0
	30 to 49	65.6	79.1	69.1	71.0	73.1
	50+	68.6	79.7	70.9	73.3	76.9
	Total	65.6	77.6	68.0	72.1	73.2
BG (Bulgaria)	Under 30	.	.	70.9	55.9	59.2
	30 to 49	.	.	69.7	59.8	62.5
	50+	.	.	64.2	64.6	52.1
	Total	.	.	68.7	60.3	59.0
CZ (Czech Republic)	Under 30	.	.	73.5	60.3	75.5
	30 to 49	.	.	76.4	56.8	80.9
	50+	.	.	76.6	66.2	74.1
	Total	.	.	75.8	60.0	78.2
DK (Denmark)	Under 30	65.1	79.8	77.9	78.0	81.7
	30 to 49	71.4	81.0	81.6	81.7	87.0
	50+	71.6	82.6	83.1	82.9	87.0
	Total	69.5	81.0	81.0	81.2	85.8
DE (Germany)	Under 30	50.7	62.4	63.1	54.0	59.8
	30 to 49	58.5	66.4	69.5	65.8	66.2
	50+	53.3	69.8	73.1	61.1	65.1
	Total	55.0	66.3	69.0	62.2	64.5
EE (Estonia)	Under 30	.	.	83.4	78.7	85.4
	30 to 49	.	.	85.7	79.6	87.3
	50+	.	.	77.2	80.7	84.3
	Total	.	.	82.8	79.7	86.1
EL (Greece)	Under 30	58.8	61.1	57.2	63.9	64.7
	30 to 49	56.1	68.0	68.3	73.6	69.4
	50+	64.5	75.1	74.8	82.1	80.0
	Total	59.0	68.5	67.3	73.6	71.5
ES (Spain)	Under 30	56.8	63.2	58.1	53.8	62.9
	30 to 49	62.9	68.8	66.0	63.1	64.5
	50+	68.5	71.7	65.2	70.6	70.2
	Total	62.4	67.9	63.7	62.2	65.5
FR (France)	Under 30	65.6	68.7	64.2	62.7	55.9
	30 to 49	62.9	74.9	69.0	71.5	67.2
	50+	60.3	67.1	72.3	72.0	64.1
	Total	63.1	72.1	68.6	70.1	64.2
IE (Ireland)	Under 30	64.1	64.5	55.1	70.2	54.3
	30 to 49	70.3	74.9	73.0	77.0	74.0
	50+	76.4	79.6	74.0	81.3	69.5
	Total	69.3	72.5	67.3	75.8	68.6
IT (Italy)	Under 30	67.1	78.4	69.4	72.1	79.9
	30 to 49	68.3	79.6	78.2	78.9	78.7
	50+	70.2	83.5	79.1	84.5	78.7
	Total	68.4	80.1	76.5	78.8	79.2
CY (Cyprus)	Under 30	.	.	66.8	66.9	71.3
	30 to 49	.	.	74.3	71.0	68.5
	50+	.	.	66.3	67.3	68.1
	Total	.	.	70.6	69.2	69.0
LV (Latvia)	Under 30	.	.	75.9	79.9	87.3
	30 to 49	.	.	74.1	80.9	84.1
	50+	.	.	72.7	82.4	81.7
	Total	.	.	74.2	81.0	84.1
LT (Lithuania)	Under 30	.	.	68.9	84.6	87.5
	30 to 49	.	.	78.2	83.5	75.9
	50+	.	.	76.6	79.2	89.0
	Total	.	.	75.9	82.8	81.7
LU (Luxembourg)	Under 30	70.9	70.1	65.7	70.9	69.6
	30 to 49	57.2	69.2	73.4	75.2	72.8
	50+	56.9	74.7	64.0	85.0	80.9
	Total	61.6	70.2	70.1	76.0	73.9
HU (Hungary)	Under 30	.	.	76.1	69.1	74.0
	30 to 49	.	.	80.1	75.0	77.3
	50+	.	.	79.2	82.2	73.7
	Total	.	.	78.9	75.4	75.8
MT (Malta)	Under 30	.	.	93.2	77.0	93.3
	30 to 49	.	.	93.6	89.1	92.1
	50+	.	.	90.1	88.6	90.2
	Total	.	.	92.7	85.0	92.1
NL (Netherlands)	Under 30	73.1	78.4	77.4	70.9	65.7
	30 to 49	77.3	80.8	81.6	75.1	83.2
	50+	81.5	77.9	83.0	77.9	78.7
	Total	76.4	79.6	80.7	74.7	77.8
AT (Austria)	Under 30	.	67.8	63.7	58.1	46.7
	30 to 49	.	71.4	76.3	75.8	58.9
	50+	.	67.6	75.7	81.8	66.1
	Total	.	69.7	73.0	72.8	58.0
PL (Poland)	Under 30	.	.	67.6	63.9	70.8
	30 to 49	.	.	69.9	71.1	75.6
	50+	.	.	69.8	72.2	74.5
	Total	.	.	69.4	69.5	74.1
PT (Portugal)	Under 30	58.4	68.1	60.0	61.3	62.2
	30 to 49	61.4	77.7	63.6	63.8	68.3
	50+	74.4	84.0	60.4	67.3	73.0
	Total	63.8	77.1	61.8	64.1	68.7
RO (Romania)	Under 30	.	.	68.3	71.2	68.9
	30 to 49	.	.	63.1	73.2	67.4
	50+	.	.	77.9	85.9	76.5
	Total	.	.	68.6	75.6	70.2
SI (Slovenia)	Under 30	.	.	74.0	75.6	79.7
	30 to 49	.	.	70.0	69.0	74.9
	50+	.	.	76.1	79.3	75.3
	Total	.	.	72.0	72.5	76.2
SK (Slovakia)	Under 30	.	.	69.5	60.8	64.4
	30 to 49	.	.	74.6	66.8	63.8
	50+	.	.	72.2	65.4	72.4
	Total	.	.	72.9	65.0	66.1
FI (Finland)	Under 30	.	75.0	69.9	75.8	89.2
	30 to 49	.	73.1	69.6	71.9	83.9
	50+	.	73.0	70.8	75.5	88.0
	Total	.	73.5	70.0	73.7	86.4
SE (Sweden)	Under 30	.	57.1	61.2	69.7	53.7
	30 to 49	.	65.0	63.9	62.8	58.6
	50+	.	69.8	70.2	67.6	67.9
	Total	.	64.7	65.3	65.6	61.0
UK (United Kingdom)	Under 30	70.5	75.4	67.0	55.9	58.0
	30 to 49	73.4	84.2	76.1	72.5	73.1
	50+	69.1	75.8	69.6	73.3	74.1
	Total	71.6	80.0	72.2	68.5	69.8
HR (Croatia)	Under 30	.	.	.	67.0	64.6
	30 to 49	.	.	.	63.9	55.8
	50+	.	.	.	58.4	60.4
	Total	.	.	.	63.0	59.3
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	68.6
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	68.6
	50+	.	.	.	.	69.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	68.9
TR (Turkey)	Under 30	.	.	.	86.8	60.8
	30 to 49	.	.	.	88.0	66.0
	50+	.	.	.	93.7	73.1
	Total	.	.	.	88.6	65.2
NO (Norway)	Under 30	.	.	.	68.7	73.2
	30 to 49	.	.	.	79.2	81.7
	50+	.	.	.	81.3	78.8
	Total	.	.	.	76.9	79.0
AL (Albania)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	55.4
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	67.5
	50+	.	.	.	.	72.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	66.8
XK (Kosovo)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	69.7
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	70.6
	50+	.	.	.	.	67.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	69.4
ME (Montenegro)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	72.2
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	74.8
	50+	.	.	.	.	81.6
	Total	.	.	.	.	75.8
CH (Switzerland)	Under 30	.	.	.	67.3	.
	30 to 49	.	.	.	77.8	.
	50+	.	.	.	79.7	.
	Total	.	.	.	76.1	.
EC12	Under 30	62.0	70.0	65.0	60.6	62.6
	30 to 49	65.1	75.0	72.1	70.7	70.7
	50+	63.9	74.3	72.5	71.9	71.3
	Total	64.0	73.6	70.5	68.8	69.3
EU15	Under 30	.	69.8	65.0	61.0	62.4
	30 to 49	.	74.6	72.0	70.7	70.3
	50+	.	74.0	72.5	72.0	71.3
	Total	.	73.3	70.4	68.9	69.0
EU27	Under 30	.	.	66.1	62.1	64.2
	30 to 49	.	.	71.8	70.6	70.9
	50+	.	.	72.8	72.7	71.8
	Total	.	.	70.7	69.2	69.8

Employment status

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c) - Yes
Country	Employment status	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Employee: permanent contract	.	73.1	64.0	70.3	72.2
	Employee: other arrangement	.	78.4	60.5	70.8	60.7
	Self-employed	.	94.1	91.0	91.9	87.2
	Total	65.6	77.6	68.0	72.1	73.2
BG (Bulgaria)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	67.3	54.6	51.8
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	61.4	51.9	64.9
	Self-employed	.	.	87.6	96.3	94.1
	Total	.	.	68.7	60.3	59.0
CZ (Czech Republic)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	72.7	56.3	76.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	71.9	50.4	67.9
	Self-employed	.	.	92.5	84.7	92.2
	Total	.	.	75.8	60.0	78.2
DK (Denmark)	Employee: permanent contract	.	80.7	80.8	82.4	84.7
	Employee: other arrangement	.	82.6	77.9	75.5	84.6
	Self-employed	.	84.3	89.5	91.1	95.1
	Total	69.5	81.0	81.0	81.2	85.8
DE (Germany)	Employee: permanent contract	.	64.7	66.6	62.6	64.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	60.4	64.5	48.0	55.2
	Self-employed	.	83.1	86.6	82.2	80.5
	Total	55.0	66.3	69.0	62.2	64.5
EE (Estonia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	82.4	78.7	87.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	81.4	80.6	76.6
	Self-employed	.	.	86.7	89.6	90.9
	Total	.	.	82.8	79.7	86.1
EL (Greece)	Employee: permanent contract	.	54.1	56.2	69.7	59.4
	Employee: other arrangement	.	40.4	57.2	61.1	60.5
	Self-employed	.	86.6	81.9	90.7	93.2
	Total	59.0	68.5	67.3	73.6	71.5
ES (Spain)	Employee: permanent contract	.	63.5	58.3	60.3	62.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	57.0	55.1	51.8	58.5
	Self-employed	.	87.6	84.5	82.9	92.9
	Total	62.4	67.9	63.7	62.2	65.5
FR (France)	Employee: permanent contract	.	69.8	66.9	68.0	62.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	64.4	60.6	63.3	52.2
	Self-employed	.	89.3	84.7	87.6	86.2
	Total	63.1	72.1	68.6	70.1	64.2
IE (Ireland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	68.3	64.1	74.0	67.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	61.5	58.8	71.5	58.8
	Self-employed	.	92.2	85.9	90.2	89.8
	Total	69.3	72.5	67.3	75.8	68.6
IT (Italy)	Employee: permanent contract	.	74.5	73.3	73.2	76.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	66.9	59.5	69.1	73.6
	Self-employed	.	94.8	92.3	94.0	90.3
	Total	68.4	80.1	76.5	78.8	79.2
CY (Cyprus)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	63.6	60.6	68.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	69.9	70.3	59.7
	Self-employed	.	.	86.8	84.1	88.5
	Total	.	.	70.6	69.2	69.0
LV (Latvia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	73.8	79.8	83.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	67.9	76.1	82.0
	Self-employed	.	.	87.7	97.5	94.5
	Total	.	.	74.2	81.0	84.1
LT (Lithuania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	71.8	79.4	79.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	72.6	86.3	81.8
	Self-employed	.	.	95.7	94.2	94.8
	Total	.	.	75.9	82.8	81.7
LU (Luxembourg)	Employee: permanent contract	.	68.7	67.8	74.8	72.9
	Employee: other arrangement	.	62.3	66.6	64.2	67.4
	Self-employed	.	82.6	89.3	92.8	88.6
	Total	61.6	70.2	70.1	76.0	73.9
HU (Hungary)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	76.0	73.1	74.5
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	78.5	66.6	64.9
	Self-employed	.	.	91.8	94.3	94.3
	Total	.	.	78.9	75.4	75.8
MT (Malta)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	92.0	86.4	92.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	93.8	78.8	89.4
	Self-employed	.	.	97.8	98.0	98.2
	Total	.	.	92.7	85.0	92.1
NL (Netherlands)	Employee: permanent contract	.	79.4	81.7	73.9	80.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	75.6	73.6	67.2	57.4
	Self-employed	.	86.2	83.6	90.8	92.3
	Total	76.4	79.6	80.7	74.7	77.8
AT (Austria)	Employee: permanent contract	.	67.7	71.6	67.3	55.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	63.5	57.5	74.3	47.7
	Self-employed	.	90.8	94.9	94.9	81.4
	Total	.	69.7	73.0	72.8	58.0
PL (Poland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	66.8	64.2	68.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	59.5	63.9	68.6
	Self-employed	.	.	76.6	88.9	91.4
	Total	.	.	69.4	69.5	74.1
PT (Portugal)	Employee: permanent contract	.	70.6	53.6	58.2	65.8
	Employee: other arrangement	.	69.5	59.3	59.8	54.5
	Self-employed	.	92.9	88.1	85.1	92.8
	Total	63.8	77.1	61.8	64.1	68.7
RO (Romania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	60.1	65.9	60.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	81.2	67.4	77.9
	Self-employed	.	.	91.4	97.3	91.5
	Total	.	.	68.6	75.6	70.2
SI (Slovenia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	68.6	71.4	74.2
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	80.0	66.9	74.9
	Self-employed	.	.	76.9	92.2	85.3
	Total	.	.	72.0	72.5	76.2
SK (Slovakia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	71.0	60.0	63.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	67.0	62.7	58.9
	Self-employed	.	.	92.0	92.3	84.6
	Total	.	.	72.9	65.0	66.1
FI (Finland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	71.1	66.6	71.4	86.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	71.7	67.8	74.9	85.3
	Self-employed	.	86.3	88.5	85.4	87.1
	Total	.	73.5	70.0	73.7	86.4
SE (Sweden)	Employee: permanent contract	.	61.0	63.3	63.7	58.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	66.2	62.4	69.6	60.1
	Self-employed	.	93.7	86.3	91.4	88.5
	Total	.	64.7	65.3	65.6	61.0
UK (United Kingdom)	Employee: permanent contract	.	79.2	70.6	70.3	67.1
	Employee: other arrangement	.	73.0	67.9	57.7	62.6
	Self-employed	.	90.5	88.6	82.6	91.8
	Total	71.6	80.0	72.2	68.5	69.8
HR (Croatia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	58.3	52.6
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	65.8	61.5
	Self-employed	.	.	.	78.9	80.0
	Total	.	.	.	63.0	59.3
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	.	61.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	.	64.7
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	86.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	68.9
TR (Turkey)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	69.9	57.7
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	79.4	52.3
	Self-employed	.	.	.	97.6	84.5
	Total	.	.	.	88.6	65.2
NO (Norway)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	76.3	78.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	63.0	78.0
	Self-employed	.	.	.	96.2	92.3
	Total	.	.	.	76.9	79.0
AL (Albania)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	.	48.7
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	.	39.5
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	88.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	66.8
XK (Kosovo)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	.	49.9
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	.	60.7
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	86.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	69.4
ME (Montenegro)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	.	71.8
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	.	71.4
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	93.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	75.8
CH (Switzerland)	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	.	74.6	.
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	.	66.3	.
	Self-employed	.	.	.	90.5	.
	Total	.	.	.	76.1	.
EC12	Employee: permanent contract	.	71.2	68.3	67.2	67.3
	Employee: other arrangement	.	64.4	62.2	58.7	59.7
	Self-employed	.	89.6	87.4	87.6	88.8
	Total	64.0	73.6	70.5	68.8	69.3
EU15	Employee: permanent contract	.	70.8	68.2	67.2	67.0
	Employee: other arrangement	.	64.6	62.2	59.4	59.8
	Self-employed	.	89.6	87.5	87.8	88.7
	Total	.	73.3	70.4	68.9	69.0
EU27	Employee: permanent contract	.	.	68.1	66.8	67.2
	Employee: other arrangement	.	.	63.0	60.1	61.6
	Self-employed	.	.	86.6	88.8	89.4
	Total	.	.	70.7	69.2	69.8

Industry/services

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c) - Yes
Country	Industry/services	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Industry	.	73.1	64.8	71.2	71.6
	Services	.	79.5	69.2	72.5	73.9
	Total	65.6	77.6	68.0	72.1	73.2
BG (Bulgaria)	Industry	.	.	64.4	51.0	56.2
	Services	.	.	71.8	67.4	61.2
	Total	.	.	68.7	60.3	59.0
CZ (Czech Republic)	Industry	.	.	74.2	60.5	78.3
	Services	.	.	77.2	59.1	78.2
	Total	.	.	75.8	60.0	78.2
DK (Denmark)	Industry	.	80.3	78.9	77.4	90.3
	Services	.	81.3	81.9	82.6	84.5
	Total	69.5	81.0	81.0	81.2	85.8
DE (Germany)	Industry	.	59.1	62.8	53.6	59.1
	Services	.	70.7	72.5	66.2	67.1
	Total	55.0	66.3	69.0	62.2	64.5
EE (Estonia)	Industry	.	.	79.7	77.3	83.2
	Services	.	.	84.8	82.0	87.6
	Total	.	.	82.8	79.7	86.1
EL (Greece)	Industry	.	72.5	72.7	76.3	72.2
	Services	.	65.4	63.7	72.2	71.2
	Total	59.0	68.5	67.3	73.6	71.5
ES (Spain)	Industry	.	59.3	53.1	59.0	59.5
	Services	.	73.1	70.0	64.3	67.9
	Total	62.4	67.9	63.7	62.2	65.5
FR (France)	Industry	.	65.5	65.6	69.9	62.5
	Services	.	75.2	69.9	70.6	64.6
	Total	63.1	72.1	68.6	70.1	64.2
IE (Ireland)	Industry	.	71.8	66.8	76.4	73.9
	Services	.	72.9	67.6	74.9	66.7
	Total	69.3	72.5	67.3	75.8	68.6
IT (Italy)	Industry	.	73.7	74.2	72.8	77.4
	Services	.	84.3	77.9	82.1	79.9
	Total	68.4	80.1	76.5	78.8	79.2
CY (Cyprus)	Industry	.	.	64.0	75.5	66.1
	Services	.	.	73.3	66.4	69.9
	Total	.	.	70.6	69.2	69.0
LV (Latvia)	Industry	.	.	72.2	85.4	81.1
	Services	.	.	75.6	78.1	85.5
	Total	.	.	74.2	81.0	84.1
LT (Lithuania)	Industry	.	.	75.5	81.2	82.9
	Services	.	.	76.2	83.9	81.0
	Total	.	.	75.9	82.8	81.7
LU (Luxembourg)	Industry	.	63.8	66.1	74.0	64.8
	Services	.	72.3	71.3	76.5	75.4
	Total	61.6	70.2	70.1	76.0	73.9
HU (Hungary)	Industry	.	.	75.8	71.2	66.8
	Services	.	.	81.0	77.8	80.5
	Total	.	.	78.9	75.4	75.8
MT (Malta)	Industry	.	.	95.8	83.8	91.2
	Services	.	.	91.2	85.7	92.3
	Total	.	.	92.7	85.0	92.1
NL (Netherlands)	Industry	.	80.5	80.1	74.2	80.9
	Services	.	79.3	80.9	74.8	76.9
	Total	76.4	79.6	80.7	74.7	77.8
AT (Austria)	Industry	.	63.0	68.6	68.0	56.3
	Services	.	73.8	75.5	75.2	58.8
	Total	.	69.7	73.0	72.8	58.0
PL (Poland)	Industry	.	.	70.0	72.2	75.0
	Services	.	.	68.7	67.4	73.7
	Total	.	.	69.4	69.5	74.1
PT (Portugal)	Industry	.	72.0	55.7	50.4	63.0
	Services	.	81.0	67.2	74.3	72.0
	Total	63.8	77.1	61.8	64.1	68.7
RO (Romania)	Industry	.	.	67.3	77.0	69.9
	Services	.	.	71.7	72.9	69.7
	Total	.	.	68.6	75.6	70.2
SI (Slovenia)	Industry	.	.	64.8	65.3	72.5
	Services	.	.	78.9	79.0	78.4
	Total	.	.	72.0	72.5	76.2
SK (Slovakia)	Industry	.	.	66.8	51.1	57.2
	Services	.	.	77.5	75.7	72.2
	Total	.	.	72.9	65.0	66.1
FI (Finland)	Industry	.	77.0	72.1	76.4	90.3
	Services	.	71.6	68.9	72.4	84.9
	Total	.	73.5	70.0	73.7	86.4
SE (Sweden)	Industry	.	70.7	70.2	74.3	59.7
	Services	.	62.3	63.4	63.0	61.4
	Total	.	64.7	65.3	65.6	61.0
UK (United Kingdom)	Industry	.	80.7	76.0	70.6	68.7
	Services	.	79.7	70.8	67.9	70.1
	Total	71.6	80.0	72.2	68.5	69.8
HR (Croatia)	Industry	.	.	.	60.6	58.1
	Services	.	.	.	65.0	59.9
	Total	.	.	.	63.0	59.3
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Industry	.	.	.	.	69.7
	Services	.	.	.	.	67.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	68.9
TR (Turkey)	Industry	.	.	.	92.3	66.1
	Services	.	.	.	83.5	64.4
	Total	.	.	.	88.6	65.2
NO (Norway)	Industry	.	.	.	78.3	84.3
	Services	.	.	.	76.7	77.9
	Total	.	.	.	76.9	79.0
AL (Albania)	Industry	.	.	.	.	70.7
	Services	.	.	.	.	63.5
	Total	.	.	.	.	66.8
XK (Kosovo)	Industry	.	.	.	.	72.7
	Services	.	.	.	.	67.6
	Total	.	.	.	.	69.4
ME (Montenegro)	Industry	.	.	.	.	76.5
	Services	.	.	.	.	75.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	75.8
CH (Switzerland)	Industry	.	.	.	76.6	.
	Services	.	.	.	75.9	.
	Total	.	.	.	76.1	.
EC12	Industry	.	68.4	66.8	64.8	66.4
	Services	.	76.4	72.4	70.7	70.4
	Total	64.0	73.6	70.5	68.8	69.3
EU15	Industry	.	68.4	67.0	65.2	66.4
	Services	.	75.9	72.1	70.6	70.1
	Total	.	73.3	70.4	68.9	69.0
EU27	Industry	.	.	67.8	66.6	67.8
	Services	.	.	72.4	70.6	70.7
	Total	.	.	70.7	69.2	69.8

Type of occupation

Are you able to choose or change your speed or rate of work? (q50c) - Yes
Country	Type of occupation	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	High-skilled clerical	.	91.7	81.4	84.2	80.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	79.0	69.4	70.6	73.1
	High-skilled manual	.	71.4	56.7	64.7	68.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	57.3	51.9	60.0	62.6
	Total	65.6	77.6	68.0	72.1	73.2
BG (Bulgaria)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	80.3	73.2	72.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	69.0	66.3	54.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	68.4	56.2	67.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	59.3	48.9	48.5
	Total	.	.	68.7	60.3	59.0
CZ (Czech Republic)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	89.7	67.2	89.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	81.1	64.1	80.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	68.6	58.5	75.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	62.1	49.1	66.6
	Total	.	.	75.8	60.0	78.2
DK (Denmark)	High-skilled clerical	.	86.6	87.1	88.3	89.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	80.2	80.0	81.1	85.2
	High-skilled manual	.	88.8	84.8	75.5	93.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	72.1	75.1	76.8	77.7
	Total	69.5	81.0	81.0	81.2	85.8
DE (Germany)	High-skilled clerical	.	80.1	83.6	72.5	81.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	70.3	72.3	65.1	64.9
	High-skilled manual	.	61.0	64.0	59.3	52.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	45.6	48.0	44.4	53.2
	Total	55.0	66.3	69.0	62.2	64.5
EE (Estonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	90.4	88.4	91.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	82.6	76.4	89.0
	High-skilled manual	.	.	83.5	86.1	90.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	75.5	71.8	71.3
	Total	.	.	82.8	79.7	86.1
EL (Greece)	High-skilled clerical	.	78.4	79.8	85.8	87.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	66.2	60.3	65.4	63.3
	High-skilled manual	.	70.0	72.2	79.8	77.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	53.7	50.1	60.6	55.8
	Total	59.0	68.5	67.3	73.6	71.5
ES (Spain)	High-skilled clerical	.	74.3	79.1	76.0	73.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	72.0	70.9	60.9	67.9
	High-skilled manual	.	62.0	61.1	57.0	66.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	62.9	44.0	57.5	53.7
	Total	62.4	67.9	63.7	62.2	65.5
FR (France)	High-skilled clerical	.	92.2	83.1	78.6	78.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	73.9	69.1	74.7	62.6
	High-skilled manual	.	71.0	69.6	67.5	68.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	50.2	52.3	56.0	46.1
	Total	63.1	72.1	68.6	70.1	64.2
IE (Ireland)	High-skilled clerical	.	84.2	75.0	82.9	77.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	71.1	62.5	71.9	63.0
	High-skilled manual	.	78.0	71.1	79.5	74.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	51.6	57.1	61.2	57.1
	Total	69.3	72.5	67.3	75.8	68.6
IT (Italy)	High-skilled clerical	.	91.0	86.5	92.2	87.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	83.4	78.4	76.1	77.3
	High-skilled manual	.	73.9	76.0	77.0	76.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	72.9	64.0	61.7	77.8
	Total	68.4	80.1	76.5	78.8	79.2
CY (Cyprus)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	86.8	85.0	77.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	70.0	67.6	69.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	72.4	76.8	74.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	57.8	58.0	57.0
	Total	.	.	70.6	69.2	69.0
LV (Latvia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	85.2	86.0	86.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	72.2	78.0	82.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	79.4	88.0	84.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	63.0	75.9	83.2
	Total	.	.	74.2	81.0	84.1
LT (Lithuania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	84.1	91.8	90.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	76.2	82.6	77.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	82.9	82.4	85.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	58.8	75.1	70.7
	Total	.	.	75.9	82.8	81.7
LU (Luxembourg)	High-skilled clerical	.	78.7	82.7	85.6	82.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	70.6	68.6	72.2	72.0
	High-skilled manual	.	65.7	72.0	73.6	63.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	64.5	57.5	71.9	67.8
	Total	61.6	70.2	70.1	76.0	73.9
HU (Hungary)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	93.0	83.1	88.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	79.6	76.0	77.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	73.4	67.5	71.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	71.6	73.8	64.4
	Total	.	.	78.9	75.4	75.8
MT (Malta)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	91.9	92.5	96.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	93.0	84.4	91.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	96.2	94.8	93.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	91.0	76.2	88.4
	Total	.	.	92.7	85.0	92.1
NL (Netherlands)	High-skilled clerical	.	84.1	82.5	79.9	83.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	79.6	84.1	76.0	76.5
	High-skilled manual	.	80.7	77.4	63.5	80.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	70.3	70.5	64.9	67.6
	Total	76.4	79.6	80.7	74.7	77.8
AT (Austria)	High-skilled clerical	.	86.8	87.5	92.5	73.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	74.9	76.1	73.3	59.3
	High-skilled manual	.	67.7	71.2	68.0	53.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	50.9	54.1	56.5	44.9
	Total	.	69.7	73.0	72.8	58.0
PL (Poland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	82.4	77.2	82.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	65.8	64.8	70.0
	High-skilled manual	.	.	70.4	76.4	80.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	62.7	59.9	59.8
	Total	.	.	69.4	69.5	74.1
PT (Portugal)	High-skilled clerical	.	85.5	90.8	88.1	82.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	80.0	64.0	68.1	68.9
	High-skilled manual	.	72.3	61.2	52.5	63.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	72.5	46.1	53.8	64.3
	Total	63.8	77.1	61.8	64.1	68.7
RO (Romania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	80.2	86.7	85.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	76.7	73.8	64.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	73.7	81.1	68.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	54.4	60.0	62.9
	Total	.	.	68.6	75.6	70.2
SI (Slovenia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	89.8	89.0	86.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	79.1	78.4	74.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	65.9	74.1	76.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	55.0	48.6	65.8
	Total	.	.	72.0	72.5	76.2
SK (Slovakia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	86.7	82.5	81.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	76.9	70.9	68.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	66.1	55.1	54.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	62.9	51.3	60.9
	Total	.	.	72.9	65.0	66.1
FI (Finland)	High-skilled clerical	.	81.9	76.4	80.9	93.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	70.0	66.8	67.4	79.5
	High-skilled manual	.	79.2	76.0	81.1	94.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	62.0	59.0	72.0	83.3
	Total	.	73.5	70.0	73.7	86.4
SE (Sweden)	High-skilled clerical	.	68.7	75.1	67.6	68.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	63.7	60.2	63.9	58.9
	High-skilled manual	.	73.4	73.4	73.2	70.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	55.9	61.3	62.7	50.2
	Total	.	64.7	65.3	65.6	61.0
UK (United Kingdom)	High-skilled clerical	.	86.6	84.7	83.1	85.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	79.2	66.4	62.9	65.6
	High-skilled manual	.	78.2	76.8	70.0	72.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	71.1	58.9	56.6	49.6
	Total	71.6	80.0	72.2	68.5	69.8
HR (Croatia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	69.5	73.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	64.5	56.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	60.4	65.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	60.0	43.4
	Total	.	.	.	63.0	59.3
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	79.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	62.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	78.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	66.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	68.9
TR (Turkey)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	87.3	80.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	84.6	60.0
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	94.0	77.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	76.9	46.5
	Total	.	.	.	88.6	65.2
NO (Norway)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	79.9	84.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	77.5	78.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	75.4	82.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	71.2	71.1
	Total	.	.	.	76.9	79.0
AL (Albania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	66.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	54.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	82.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	46.3
	Total	.	.	.	.	66.8
XK (Kosovo)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	74.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	67.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	73.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	59.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	69.4
ME (Montenegro)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	83.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	73.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	81.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	69.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	75.8
CH (Switzerland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	88.7	.
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	71.3	.
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	75.8	.
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	69.5	.
	Total	.	.	.	76.1	.
EC12	High-skilled clerical	.	85.0	83.5	81.7	82.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	75.7	71.7	68.4	68.0
	High-skilled manual	.	69.4	68.9	65.4	66.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	60.3	53.9	55.9	57.2
	Total	64.0	73.6	70.5	68.8	69.3
EU15	High-skilled clerical	.	84.5	83.2	81.5	81.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	75.3	71.4	68.3	67.7
	High-skilled manual	.	69.6	69.1	65.8	67.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	60.0	54.2	56.3	57.1
	Total	.	73.3	70.4	68.9	69.0
EU27	High-skilled clerical	.	.	83.5	81.2	82.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	71.7	68.6	68.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	69.9	68.7	69.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	55.9	57.1	58.2
	Total	.	.	70.7	69.2	69.8

Page last updated: 15 November, 2010

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