EWCS 2010 Survey Results

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a)

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Gender

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Gender	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Male	48.9	53.1	51.2	61.1	58.2
	Female	38.8	42.9	51.3	60.1	49.9
	Total	45.0	49.0	51.2	60.6	54.5
BG (Bulgaria)	Male	.	.	57.1	27.1	29.2
	Female	.	.	58.5	27.3	28.1
	Total	.	.	57.7	27.2	28.7
CZ (Czech Republic)	Male	.	.	48.3	63.4	65.9
	Female	.	.	44.8	56.5	63.0
	Total	.	.	46.8	60.4	64.6
DK (Denmark)	Male	56.0	57.7	55.7	77.0	62.9
	Female	63.0	65.8	62.6	73.7	73.1
	Total	59.2	61.3	58.9	75.5	67.7
DE (Germany)	Male	62.2	59.7	60.3	76.6	76.0
	Female	48.8	54.6	54.3	66.9	68.5
	Total	56.5	57.6	57.7	72.2	72.5
EE (Estonia)	Male	.	.	50.3	53.0	57.8
	Female	.	.	56.3	61.1	61.3
	Total	.	.	53.2	57.0	59.6
EL (Greece)	Male	67.5	66.2	66.2	76.1	72.6
	Female	64.5	64.0	66.7	68.7	67.7
	Total	66.5	65.4	66.4	73.3	70.7
ES (Spain)	Male	38.2	46.9	47.8	66.7	58.8
	Female	33.2	48.1	46.3	49.6	50.4
	Total	36.6	47.3	47.3	60.0	55.1
FR (France)	Male	42.7	51.1	56.3	51.8	64.6
	Female	33.8	37.8	47.9	47.5	52.0
	Total	38.8	45.1	52.6	49.7	58.6
IE (Ireland)	Male	41.9	42.9	45.4	41.9	55.4
	Female	36.5	45.8	48.4	42.1	57.0
	Total	40.1	44.1	46.6	42.0	56.2
IT (Italy)	Male	46.5	52.0	60.1	72.2	70.1
	Female	35.7	53.4	55.1	58.0	60.3
	Total	42.8	52.5	58.3	66.6	66.2
CY (Cyprus)	Male	.	.	78.4	76.9	82.8
	Female	.	.	73.6	66.9	81.2
	Total	.	.	76.3	72.5	82.1
LV (Latvia)	Male	.	.	34.1	40.0	37.8
	Female	.	.	37.3	39.1	38.2
	Total	.	.	35.7	39.5	38.0
LT (Lithuania)	Male	.	.	35.6	52.3	49.0
	Female	.	.	40.9	45.4	40.9
	Total	.	.	38.3	48.9	44.8
LU (Luxembourg)	Male	37.2	38.9	50.0	63.2	54.2
	Female	22.0	27.7	57.9	47.6	52.6
	Total	31.8	34.8	53.1	56.8	53.5
HU (Hungary)	Male	.	.	64.5	69.2	71.1
	Female	.	.	62.9	58.7	69.5
	Total	.	.	63.8	64.4	70.4
MT (Malta)	Male	.	.	61.2	60.2	56.1
	Female	.	.	66.0	57.8	49.1
	Total	.	.	62.6	59.5	53.8
NL (Netherlands)	Male	57.0	71.6	73.9	60.2	63.4
	Female	60.2	68.5	75.8	61.8	60.6
	Total	58.2	70.3	74.7	60.9	62.1
AT (Austria)	Male	.	69.2	67.4	72.7	74.5
	Female	.	58.4	57.4	72.1	69.3
	Total	.	64.3	63.1	72.4	72.1
PL (Poland)	Male	.	.	75.0	39.5	39.8
	Female	.	.	73.7	46.9	38.4
	Total	.	.	74.4	42.8	39.2
PT (Portugal)	Male	59.7	57.7	50.6	57.6	48.6
	Female	43.3	57.7	47.4	43.7	40.5
	Total	52.7	57.7	49.2	51.2	44.8
RO (Romania)	Male	.	.	68.6	66.2	62.1
	Female	.	.	67.0	68.1	64.5
	Total	.	.	67.9	67.1	63.2
SI (Slovenia)	Male	.	.	16.4	72.7	73.9
	Female	.	.	17.6	78.3	75.3
	Total	.	.	16.9	75.2	74.5
SK (Slovakia)	Male	.	.	60.0	57.9	56.8
	Female	.	.	54.2	55.8	54.8
	Total	.	.	57.4	57.0	55.9
FI (Finland)	Male	.	71.3	72.6	76.6	70.2
	Female	.	70.8	76.8	78.8	75.1
	Total	.	71.0	74.6	77.7	72.6
SE (Sweden)	Male	.	67.0	80.8	86.1	76.8
	Female	.	70.4	80.5	83.8	77.3
	Total	.	68.7	80.7	85.0	77.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Male	45.4	49.5	49.5	48.1	46.0
	Female	40.1	50.7	45.3	45.0	43.4
	Total	43.1	50.0	47.6	46.7	44.8
HR (Croatia)	Male	.	.	.	22.8	49.5
	Female	.	.	.	23.6	56.9
	Total	.	.	.	23.2	52.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Male	.	.	.	.	65.8
	Female	.	.	.	.	64.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	65.2
TR (Turkey)	Male	.	.	.	72.9	77.5
	Female	.	.	.	79.6	78.2
	Total	.	.	.	74.7	77.7
NO (Norway)	Male	.	.	.	77.6	79.1
	Female	.	.	.	79.6	84.1
	Total	.	.	.	78.6	81.5
AL (Albania)	Male	.	.	.	.	45.8
	Female	.	.	.	.	44.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	45.3
XK (Kosovo)	Male	.	.	.	.	68.4
	Female	.	.	.	.	55.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	64.9
ME (Montenegro)	Male	.	.	.	.	58.5
	Female	.	.	.	.	60.6
	Total	.	.	.	.	59.4
CH (Switzerland)	Male	.	.	.	77.3	.
	Female	.	.	.	64.7	.
	Total	.	.	.	71.6	.
EC12	Male	50.5	54.4	56.5	63.8	63.6
	Female	42.3	51.1	52.1	55.1	56.2
	Total	47.2	53.1	54.6	60.0	60.2
EU15	Male	.	55.3	57.5	64.7	64.2
	Female	.	52.2	53.4	56.7	57.3
	Total	.	54.0	55.8	61.1	61.1
EU27	Male	.	.	58.7	62.4	61.8
	Female	.	.	55.3	56.1	56.0
	Total	.	.	57.2	59.6	59.2

Age

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Age	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Under 30	49.0	54.3	56.5	66.7	58.3
	30 to 49	43.5	46.5	50.3	60.0	54.3
	50+	42.9	50.4	47.4	56.3	50.8
	Total	45.0	49.0	51.2	60.6	54.5
BG (Bulgaria)	Under 30	.	.	63.4	24.3	34.9
	30 to 49	.	.	56.9	29.2	31.4
	50+	.	.	54.9	24.0	20.1
	Total	.	.	57.7	27.2	28.7
CZ (Czech Republic)	Under 30	.	.	57.0	63.4	72.0
	30 to 49	.	.	43.7	63.1	65.9
	50+	.	.	43.3	52.7	57.3
	Total	.	.	46.8	60.4	64.6
DK (Denmark)	Under 30	67.5	62.8	69.1	80.1	77.6
	30 to 49	60.2	64.3	57.9	76.1	68.2
	50+	44.4	52.4	50.1	70.4	59.2
	Total	59.2	61.3	58.9	75.5	67.7
DE (Germany)	Under 30	57.4	60.2	61.1	79.7	74.2
	30 to 49	56.2	59.3	58.0	69.6	74.5
	50+	56.1	50.6	53.8	71.8	68.0
	Total	56.5	57.6	57.7	72.2	72.5
EE (Estonia)	Under 30	.	.	55.9	54.7	70.9
	30 to 49	.	.	56.6	61.9	62.0
	50+	.	.	44.4	50.0	48.3
	Total	.	.	53.2	57.0	59.6
EL (Greece)	Under 30	68.3	70.7	68.0	75.2	72.7
	30 to 49	64.9	61.8	67.1	74.2	73.5
	50+	67.8	68.2	63.2	69.4	63.8
	Total	66.5	65.4	66.4	73.3	70.7
ES (Spain)	Under 30	41.5	53.3	49.7	62.4	60.4
	30 to 49	37.6	48.3	49.2	60.5	55.5
	50+	28.3	36.9	38.5	55.1	49.3
	Total	36.6	47.3	47.3	60.0	55.1
FR (France)	Under 30	40.0	54.9	60.2	55.4	64.5
	30 to 49	37.5	42.0	52.9	53.1	59.1
	50+	41.5	44.2	43.2	38.0	52.3
	Total	38.8	45.1	52.6	49.7	58.6
IE (Ireland)	Under 30	46.1	47.7	50.6	50.2	62.3
	30 to 49	39.6	44.2	46.6	40.4	58.4
	50+	30.1	37.7	39.9	33.3	46.6
	Total	40.1	44.1	46.6	42.0	56.2
IT (Italy)	Under 30	41.1	53.5	60.0	74.3	65.8
	30 to 49	43.2	54.5	59.7	68.3	69.6
	50+	43.7	45.8	52.5	55.5	59.8
	Total	42.8	52.5	58.3	66.6	66.2
CY (Cyprus)	Under 30	.	.	81.9	66.0	83.3
	30 to 49	.	.	74.3	77.5	83.2
	50+	.	.	75.2	68.0	79.3
	Total	.	.	76.3	72.5	82.1
LV (Latvia)	Under 30	.	.	46.3	49.8	53.1
	30 to 49	.	.	37.7	38.4	37.7
	50+	.	.	21.4	32.9	27.1
	Total	.	.	35.7	39.5	38.0
LT (Lithuania)	Under 30	.	.	45.4	52.8	56.7
	30 to 49	.	.	36.6	51.1	47.7
	50+	.	.	35.8	40.1	31.9
	Total	.	.	38.3	48.9	44.8
LU (Luxembourg)	Under 30	32.8	34.4	55.3	67.8	53.3
	30 to 49	34.4	32.9	51.2	56.7	54.4
	50+	20.9	43.2	56.7	46.3	50.7
	Total	31.8	34.8	53.1	56.8	53.5
HU (Hungary)	Under 30	.	.	60.7	65.5	73.9
	30 to 49	.	.	64.8	66.9	72.3
	50+	.	.	64.9	57.8	64.2
	Total	.	.	63.8	64.4	70.4
MT (Malta)	Under 30	.	.	66.6	64.3	62.0
	30 to 49	.	.	61.7	57.0	49.5
	50+	.	.	57.6	57.5	50.8
	Total	.	.	62.6	59.5	53.8
NL (Netherlands)	Under 30	69.6	74.0	79.3	67.3	64.6
	30 to 49	54.5	69.2	74.3	62.3	66.4
	50+	42.8	66.9	69.2	50.3	52.8
	Total	58.2	70.3	74.7	60.9	62.1
AT (Austria)	Under 30	.	64.7	67.8	73.1	79.5
	30 to 49	.	62.8	61.9	74.6	73.4
	50+	.	68.2	60.5	64.5	63.0
	Total	.	64.3	63.1	72.4	72.1
PL (Poland)	Under 30	.	.	75.6	44.6	42.2
	30 to 49	.	.	75.4	44.2	39.9
	50+	.	.	69.8	37.8	33.1
	Total	.	.	74.4	42.8	39.2
PT (Portugal)	Under 30	50.4	56.1	53.0	43.9	52.3
	30 to 49	56.7	58.8	50.6	55.3	49.8
	50+	47.9	57.2	43.0	49.8	32.5
	Total	52.7	57.7	49.2	51.2	44.8
RO (Romania)	Under 30	.	.	69.3	76.1	65.0
	30 to 49	.	.	68.8	67.4	62.2
	50+	.	.	65.2	58.5	63.7
	Total	.	.	67.9	67.1	63.2
SI (Slovenia)	Under 30	.	.	14.5	76.6	74.8
	30 to 49	.	.	17.9	75.0	77.8
	50+	.	.	16.9	74.4	67.5
	Total	.	.	16.9	75.2	74.5
SK (Slovakia)	Under 30	.	.	65.4	61.5	57.3
	30 to 49	.	.	56.4	56.9	58.1
	50+	.	.	48.4	51.2	50.0
	Total	.	.	57.4	57.0	55.9
FI (Finland)	Under 30	.	77.4	75.8	79.7	79.5
	30 to 49	.	71.3	76.6	80.1	73.2
	50+	.	64.3	69.4	72.0	67.7
	Total	.	71.0	74.6	77.7	72.6
SE (Sweden)	Under 30	.	78.0	82.8	85.7	78.8
	30 to 49	.	68.7	81.5	86.3	79.4
	50+	.	61.9	78.0	82.6	73.3
	Total	.	68.7	80.7	85.0	77.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Under 30	47.7	59.0	55.6	59.8	50.9
	30 to 49	43.9	50.2	47.1	46.9	46.7
	50+	33.7	38.3	40.0	33.4	35.5
	Total	43.1	50.0	47.6	46.7	44.8
HR (Croatia)	Under 30	.	.	.	26.5	64.5
	30 to 49	.	.	.	22.5	51.5
	50+	.	.	.	22.2	48.6
	Total	.	.	.	23.2	52.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	65.4
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	70.0
	50+	.	.	.	.	55.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	65.2
TR (Turkey)	Under 30	.	.	.	79.4	82.7
	30 to 49	.	.	.	73.8	76.9
	50+	.	.	.	66.6	68.1
	Total	.	.	.	74.7	77.7
NO (Norway)	Under 30	.	.	.	82.5	82.4
	30 to 49	.	.	.	80.4	82.7
	50+	.	.	.	72.3	78.7
	Total	.	.	.	78.6	81.5
AL (Albania)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	53.6
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	48.0
	50+	.	.	.	.	34.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	45.3
XK (Kosovo)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	66.4
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	67.8
	50+	.	.	.	.	57.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	64.9
ME (Montenegro)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	61.7
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	61.1
	50+	.	.	.	.	53.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	59.4
CH (Switzerland)	Under 30	.	.	.	77.0	.
	30 to 49	.	.	.	73.4	.
	50+	.	.	.	63.7	.
	Total	.	.	.	71.6	.
EC12	Under 30	49.7	58.3	59.3	66.3	63.6
	30 to 49	46.9	53.0	55.2	60.8	62.1
	50+	44.5	46.9	48.1	52.3	53.9
	Total	47.2	53.1	54.6	60.0	60.2
EU15	Under 30	.	59.2	60.3	67.1	64.5
	30 to 49	.	53.9	56.2	62.0	62.9
	50+	.	48.1	49.8	53.9	54.9
	Total	.	54.0	55.8	61.1	61.1
EU27	Under 30	.	.	61.4	65.0	62.5
	30 to 49	.	.	57.6	60.5	60.8
	50+	.	.	51.7	52.7	53.4
	Total	.	.	57.2	59.6	59.2

Employment status

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Employment status	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Employee - permanent contract	.	51.4	51.4	58.3	53.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	36.8	47.2	51.8	60.0
	Self-employed	.	49.9	52.7	73.6	54.6
	Total	45.0	49.0	51.2	60.6	54.5
BG (Bulgaria)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	56.2	27.7	30.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	63.9	31.3	24.8
	Self-employed	.	.	54.1	20.6	25.2
	Total	.	.	57.7	27.2	28.7
CZ (Czech Republic)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	47.4	63.0	66.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	51.5	59.8	67.5
	Self-employed	.	.	44.3	55.0	56.8
	Total	.	.	46.8	60.4	64.6
DK (Denmark)	Employee - permanent contract	.	62.5	58.7	76.5	67.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	67.8	61.5	72.3	71.7
	Self-employed	.	46.1	58.1	72.4	60.2
	Total	59.2	61.3	58.9	75.5	67.7
DE (Germany)	Employee - permanent contract	.	58.1	58.5	71.8	75.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	61.0	57.8	80.4	68.6
	Self-employed	.	51.5	55.3	67.6	65.5
	Total	56.5	57.6	57.7	72.2	72.5
EE (Estonia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	53.8	60.2	62.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	55.1	45.1	53.2
	Self-employed	.	.	47.4	48.0	51.4
	Total	.	.	53.2	57.0	59.6
EL (Greece)	Employee - permanent contract	.	64.6	70.6	69.0	66.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	65.9	65.6	76.8	70.9
	Self-employed	.	65.7	63.8	74.0	74.2
	Total	66.5	65.4	66.4	73.3	70.7
ES (Spain)	Employee - permanent contract	.	45.4	45.7	59.9	53.7
	Employee - other arrangement	.	52.8	50.1	59.1	62.3
	Self-employed	.	44.1	47.2	61.8	45.9
	Total	36.6	47.3	47.3	60.0	55.1
FR (France)	Employee - permanent contract	.	44.8	53.0	47.9	59.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	51.9	46.2	53.0	55.6
	Self-employed	.	43.8	58.0	58.6	65.3
	Total	38.8	45.1	52.6	49.7	58.6
IE (Ireland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	47.3	49.6	43.4	55.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	44.7	47.4	43.6	60.5
	Self-employed	.	37.7	37.3	36.5	51.8
	Total	40.1	44.1	46.6	42.0	56.2
IT (Italy)	Employee - permanent contract	.	51.4	59.3	69.4	67.1
	Employee - other arrangement	.	50.8	53.8	59.9	64.5
	Self-employed	.	53.1	58.0	66.6	66.0
	Total	42.8	52.5	58.3	66.6	66.2
CY (Cyprus)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	79.2	67.6	84.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	74.3	76.9	79.5
	Self-employed	.	.	74.2	72.0	81.8
	Total	.	.	76.3	72.5	82.1
LV (Latvia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	32.9	37.9	38.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	42.2	38.2	42.5
	Self-employed	.	.	31.1	54.5	20.4
	Total	.	.	35.7	39.5	38.0
LT (Lithuania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	38.8	49.3	46.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	41.8	45.9	54.5
	Self-employed	.	.	32.6	49.9	27.1
	Total	.	.	38.3	48.9	44.8
LU (Luxembourg)	Employee - permanent contract	.	35.5	53.7	58.8	54.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	37.1	50.2	42.3	54.3
	Self-employed	.	34.6	49.3	54.6	50.3
	Total	31.8	34.8	53.1	56.8	53.5
HU (Hungary)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	63.6	64.9	71.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	55.0	59.5	65.5
	Self-employed	.	.	67.1	67.4	71.0
	Total	.	.	63.8	64.4	70.4
MT (Malta)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	61.1	58.8	54.1
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	70.0	60.4	52.5
	Self-employed	.	.	62.7	56.4	55.1
	Total	.	.	62.6	59.5	53.8
NL (Netherlands)	Employee - permanent contract	.	70.7	77.1	61.9	64.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	70.8	68.0	63.8	62.7
	Self-employed	.	68.3	63.8	50.4	59.1
	Total	58.2	70.3	74.7	60.9	62.1
AT (Austria)	Employee - permanent contract	.	61.6	60.7	71.1	74.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	78.6	69.7	76.4	79.2
	Self-employed	.	68.9	69.9	70.7	60.8
	Total	.	64.3	63.1	72.4	72.1
PL (Poland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	73.3	42.7	41.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	74.5	44.3	42.9
	Self-employed	.	.	76.7	43.1	35.3
	Total	.	.	74.4	42.8	39.2
PT (Portugal)	Employee - permanent contract	.	59.7	48.6	54.4	49.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	53.3	55.6	48.7	46.2
	Self-employed	.	56.9	43.5	47.6	33.6
	Total	52.7	57.7	49.2	51.2	44.8
RO (Romania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	69.6	72.5	64.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	66.5	61.9	71.0
	Self-employed	.	.	64.9	68.9	58.8
	Total	.	.	67.9	67.1	63.2
SI (Slovenia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	19.6	73.8	76.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	17.3	79.8	72.8
	Self-employed	.	.	5.7	77.4	71.9
	Total	.	.	16.9	75.2	74.5
SK (Slovakia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	56.5	57.0	57.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	62.6	56.4	49.7
	Self-employed	.	.	60.6	59.8	56.6
	Total	.	.	57.4	57.0	55.9
FI (Finland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	73.3	75.2	78.0	75.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	68.5	71.1	77.8	70.1
	Self-employed	.	63.9	79.3	77.9	63.5
	Total	.	71.0	74.6	77.7	72.6
SE (Sweden)	Employee - permanent contract	.	70.6	81.7	86.1	81.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	62.0	78.0	82.8	61.3
	Self-employed	.	61.5	77.4	80.4	69.7
	Total	.	68.7	80.7	85.0	77.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Employee - permanent contract	.	50.7	47.5	45.6	47.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	44.3	52.5	49.6	43.3
	Self-employed	.	46.5	45.5	43.6	35.5
	Total	43.1	50.0	47.6	46.7	44.8
HR (Croatia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	21.3	51.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	30.8	70.8
	Self-employed	.	.	.	25.5	47.4
	Total	.	.	.	23.2	52.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	61.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	76.0
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	60.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	65.2
TR (Turkey)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	77.5	74.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	75.2	84.7
	Self-employed	.	.	.	74.3	71.8
	Total	.	.	.	74.7	77.7
NO (Norway)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	79.5	83.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	76.1	73.3
	Self-employed	.	.	.	75.8	70.1
	Total	.	.	.	78.6	81.5
AL (Albania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	39.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	55.1
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	44.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	45.3
XK (Kosovo)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	62.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	65.1
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	65.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	64.9
ME (Montenegro)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	62.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	63.4
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	48.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	59.4
CH (Switzerland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	73.2	.
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	71.3	.
	Self-employed	.	.	.	71.1	.
	Total	.	.	.	71.6	.
EC12	Employee - permanent contract	.	53.5	55.3	60.2	61.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	54.3	53.8	59.9	59.9
	Self-employed	.	50.9	53.7	60.3	57.1
	Total	47.2	53.1	54.6	60.0	60.2
EU15	Employee - permanent contract	.	54.5	56.5	61.5	62.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	55.2	54.9	60.9	60.4
	Self-employed	.	51.5	54.7	61.1	57.5
	Total	.	54.0	55.8	61.1	61.1
EU27	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	57.6	60.3	61.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	56.1	58.8	58.7
	Self-employed	.	.	57.6	59.5	54.9
	Total	.	.	57.2	59.6	59.2

Industry/Services

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Industry/Services	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Industry	.	56.2	50.0	69.8	61.4
	Services	.	45.8	51.7	57.3	52.0
	Total	45.0	49.0	51.2	60.6	54.5
BG (Bulgaria)	Industry	.	.	61.2	35.2	34.1
	Services	.	.	55.2	21.7	25.5
	Total	.	.	57.7	27.2	28.7
CZ (Czech Republic)	Industry	.	.	52.7	66.8	73.4
	Services	.	.	41.9	55.5	59.5
	Total	.	.	46.8	60.4	64.6
DK (Denmark)	Industry	.	65.0	57.8	70.3	64.7
	Services	.	59.8	59.4	77.8	68.7
	Total	59.2	61.3	58.9	75.5	67.7
DE (Germany)	Industry	.	68.9	64.1	78.0	82.9
	Services	.	50.6	54.0	69.5	68.2
	Total	56.5	57.6	57.7	72.2	72.5
EE (Estonia)	Industry	.	.	52.5	62.8	65.4
	Services	.	.	53.7	53.5	56.6
	Total	.	.	53.2	57.0	59.6
EL (Greece)	Industry	.	71.8	70.9	81.5	83.8
	Services	.	60.5	63.4	68.8	64.4
	Total	66.5	65.4	66.4	73.3	70.7
ES (Spain)	Industry	.	46.9	53.4	69.4	61.7
	Services	.	47.5	43.6	54.8	52.4
	Total	36.6	47.3	47.3	60.0	55.1
FR (France)	Industry	.	55.3	64.7	55.2	70.2
	Services	.	40.5	47.2	47.3	54.8
	Total	38.8	45.1	52.6	49.7	58.6
IE (Ireland)	Industry	.	52.8	48.8	44.1	57.0
	Services	.	38.6	45.4	41.5	55.9
	Total	40.1	44.1	46.6	42.0	56.2
IT (Italy)	Industry	.	55.2	62.8	73.5	74.6
	Services	.	50.7	55.6	62.7	62.3
	Total	42.8	52.5	58.3	66.6	66.2
CY (Cyprus)	Industry	.	.	77.1	81.0	85.7
	Services	.	.	76.0	69.3	80.9
	Total	.	.	76.3	72.5	82.1
LV (Latvia)	Industry	.	.	37.1	41.7	39.1
	Services	.	.	34.7	38.4	37.5
	Total	.	.	35.7	39.5	38.0
LT (Lithuania)	Industry	.	.	43.4	51.6	52.7
	Services	.	.	34.2	47.4	40.9
	Total	.	.	38.3	48.9	44.8
LU (Luxembourg)	Industry	.	47.4	52.1	57.3	66.5
	Services	.	30.8	53.4	56.8	51.4
	Total	31.8	34.8	53.1	56.8	53.5
HU (Hungary)	Industry	.	.	69.0	65.7	77.9
	Services	.	.	60.2	63.5	66.4
	Total	.	.	63.8	64.4	70.4
MT (Malta)	Industry	.	.	72.0	70.4	67.1
	Services	.	.	57.9	54.4	49.6
	Total	.	.	62.6	59.5	53.8
NL (Netherlands)	Industry	.	72.2	74.4	65.4	59.3
	Services	.	69.6	74.9	59.6	62.8
	Total	58.2	70.3	74.7	60.9	62.1
AT (Austria)	Industry	.	71.9	73.7	77.6	79.9
	Services	.	59.7	57.1	69.8	69.0
	Total	.	64.3	63.1	72.4	72.1
PL (Poland)	Industry	.	.	74.3	52.5	44.7
	Services	.	.	74.5	33.8	36.2
	Total	.	.	74.4	42.8	39.2
PT (Portugal)	Industry	.	58.8	55.2	58.9	50.4
	Services	.	56.9	43.7	45.4	41.6
	Total	52.7	57.7	49.2	51.2	44.8
RO (Romania)	Industry	.	.	73.5	68.7	68.1
	Services	.	.	54.8	64.8	57.0
	Total	.	.	67.9	67.1	63.2
SI (Slovenia)	Industry	.	.	25.7	81.8	75.7
	Services	.	.	8.1	69.7	73.8
	Total	.	.	16.9	75.2	74.5
SK (Slovakia)	Industry	.	.	63.5	66.4	64.9
	Services	.	.	52.6	49.4	50.3
	Total	.	.	57.4	57.0	55.9
FI (Finland)	Industry	.	69.3	78.1	79.4	75.6
	Services	.	72.0	72.8	76.9	71.6
	Total	.	71.0	74.6	77.7	72.6
SE (Sweden)	Industry	.	74.9	82.3	86.2	77.5
	Services	.	66.1	80.1	84.5	76.8
	Total	.	68.7	80.7	85.0	77.1
UK (United Kingdom)	Industry	.	52.2	51.7	53.3	45.5
	Services	.	49.1	46.0	45.0	45.0
	Total	43.1	50.0	47.6	46.7	44.8
HR (Croatia)	Industry	.	.	.	24.9	51.9
	Services	.	.	.	22.2	53.5
	Total	.	.	.	23.2	52.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Industry	.	.	.	.	72.4
	Services	.	.	.	.	59.5
	Total	.	.	.	.	65.2
TR (Turkey)	Industry	.	.	.	79.2	80.0
	Services	.	.	.	67.2	75.7
	Total	.	.	.	74.7	77.7
NO (Norway)	Industry	.	.	.	81.4	83.5
	Services	.	.	.	77.6	80.7
	Total	.	.	.	78.6	81.5
AL (Albania)	Industry	.	.	.	.	51.0
	Services	.	.	.	.	40.5
	Total	.	.	.	.	45.3
XK (Kosovo)	Industry	.	.	.	.	72.2
	Services	.	.	.	.	60.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	64.9
ME (Montenegro)	Industry	.	.	.	.	63.9
	Services	.	.	.	.	58.2
	Total	.	.	.	.	59.4
CH (Switzerland)	Industry	.	.	.	77.7	.
	Services	.	.	.	69.5	.
	Total	.	.	.	71.6	.
EC12	Industry	.	59.2	60.5	67.3	68.8
	Services	.	49.7	51.6	56.8	57.3
	Total	47.2	53.1	54.6	60.0	60.2
EU15	Industry	.	60.0	61.6	68.1	69.3
	Services	.	50.8	52.9	58.1	58.3
	Total	.	54.0	55.8	61.1	61.1
EU27	Industry	.	.	63.2	65.8	66.1
	Services	.	.	53.7	56.5	56.5
	Total	.	.	57.2	59.6	59.2

Type of occupation

Does your job involve working at very high speed? (q45a) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Type of occupation	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	High-skilled clerical	.	41.8	50.0	60.7	52.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	53.1	51.9	58.5	54.3
	High-skilled manual	.	54.0	44.4	74.3	58.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	48.1	56.8	55.7	56.9
	Total	45.0	49.0	51.2	60.6	54.5
BG (Bulgaria)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	50.9	16.1	16.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	50.4	19.7	26.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	71.4	42.4	30.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	63.5	33.3	39.0
	Total	.	.	57.7	27.2	28.7
CZ (Czech Republic)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	48.1	57.7	57.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	39.7	54.9	62.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	59.3	70.2	78.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	44.6	62.1	64.1
	Total	.	.	46.8	60.4	64.6
DK (Denmark)	High-skilled clerical	.	63.5	54.9	78.9	63.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	63.7	63.0	75.6	70.8
	High-skilled manual	.	53.5	62.4	76.4	66.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	59.7	51.8	70.6	66.1
	Total	59.2	61.3	58.9	75.5	67.7
DE (Germany)	High-skilled clerical	.	44.5	52.8	66.8	70.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	53.4	53.2	67.7	69.4
	High-skilled manual	.	72.1	70.6	82.3	88.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	64.8	59.7	79.9	69.7
	Total	56.5	57.6	57.7	72.2	72.5
EE (Estonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	53.1	54.7	47.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	54.6	58.4	66.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	52.5	57.5	57.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	52.2	59.0	64.9
	Total	.	.	53.2	57.0	59.6
EL (Greece)	High-skilled clerical	.	53.9	60.3	62.7	57.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	66.8	64.2	73.9	71.3
	High-skilled manual	.	71.1	72.3	79.9	80.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	66.0	66.0	77.1	75.0
	Total	66.5	65.4	66.4	73.3	70.7
ES (Spain)	High-skilled clerical	.	45.7	39.3	54.0	42.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	48.1	45.1	58.3	54.1
	High-skilled manual	.	48.0	51.5	69.4	59.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	46.8	52.6	60.1	66.3
	Total	36.6	47.3	47.3	60.0	55.1
FR (France)	High-skilled clerical	.	36.4	45.9	44.4	59.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	37.5	46.7	43.7	52.9
	High-skilled manual	.	57.3	69.5	75.3	69.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	58.7	56.5	52.0	61.8
	Total	38.8	45.1	52.6	49.7	58.6
IE (Ireland)	High-skilled clerical	.	37.5	41.9	44.6	46.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	44.6	48.0	42.7	63.0
	High-skilled manual	.	46.1	49.0	39.8	60.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	49.7	50.9	35.6	58.9
	Total	40.1	44.1	46.6	42.0	56.2
IT (Italy)	High-skilled clerical	.	58.2	61.9	54.9	59.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	50.4	56.5	71.5	65.0
	High-skilled manual	.	49.6	60.1	82.8	76.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	56.7	57.6	65.8	64.3
	Total	42.8	52.5	58.3	66.6	66.2
CY (Cyprus)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	72.5	67.1	80.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	76.4	64.7	81.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	76.3	87.7	88.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	79.2	78.7	81.6
	Total	.	.	76.3	72.5	82.1
LV (Latvia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	25.4	30.8	21.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	37.9	45.5	43.6
	High-skilled manual	.	.	34.2	41.3	41.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	42.8	38.6	46.2
	Total	.	.	35.7	39.5	38.0
LT (Lithuania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	26.1	46.5	34.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	43.4	49.4	42.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	46.2	63.4	57.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	35.5	43.5	50.3
	Total	.	.	38.3	48.9	44.8
LU (Luxembourg)	High-skilled clerical	.	33.2	48.9	53.5	48.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	41.3	54.1	59.9	53.3
	High-skilled manual	.	35.2	62.4	61.1	67.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	21.2	48.5	51.1	55.2
	Total	31.8	34.8	53.1	56.8	53.5
HU (Hungary)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	67.7	62.2	75.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	58.4	61.2	64.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	69.4	72.5	72.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	62.3	64.4	72.9
	Total	.	.	63.8	64.4	70.4
MT (Malta)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	62.6	49.3	49.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	54.1	53.8	49.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	69.9	64.5	63.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	71.8	71.8	60.2
	Total	.	.	62.6	59.5	53.8
NL (Netherlands)	High-skilled clerical	.	74.9	76.8	53.5	64.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	70.0	75.4	65.4	63.1
	High-skilled manual	.	70.1	81.6	60.3	59.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	62.8	65.0	68.6	55.1
	Total	58.2	70.3	74.7	60.9	62.1
AT (Austria)	High-skilled clerical	.	61.8	60.7	73.7	65.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	58.7	57.3	66.3	71.0
	High-skilled manual	.	76.9	75.9	79.5	81.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	65.7	63.3	79.0	73.3
	Total	.	64.3	63.1	72.4	72.1
PL (Poland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	78.3	31.9	32.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	74.4	41.1	36.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	77.6	50.2	43.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	67.1	42.9	48.4
	Total	.	.	74.4	42.8	39.2
PT (Portugal)	High-skilled clerical	.	57.5	47.4	47.1	44.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	55.9	47.8	40.5	46.6
	High-skilled manual	.	57.6	52.2	60.4	46.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	61.1	48.4	58.5	40.4
	Total	52.7	57.7	49.2	51.2	44.8
RO (Romania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	56.9	59.1	64.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	56.3	71.5	62.1
	High-skilled manual	.	.	73.9	66.8	62.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	70.6	67.7	63.8
	Total	.	.	67.9	67.1	63.2
SI (Slovenia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	2.0	57.5	71.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	5.5	77.3	76.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	29.4	85.1	74.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	32.3	79.7	75.2
	Total	.	.	16.9	75.2	74.5
SK (Slovakia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	52.0	41.0	50.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	53.0	55.3	51.6
	High-skilled manual	.	.	65.3	70.3	65.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	60.7	59.5	59.9
	Total	.	.	57.4	57.0	55.9
FI (Finland)	High-skilled clerical	.	67.6	68.0	73.5	65.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	75.0	74.7	78.9	73.7
	High-skilled manual	.	67.5	81.6	74.7	74.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	71.7	76.1	82.1	81.8
	Total	.	71.0	74.6	77.7	72.6
SE (Sweden)	High-skilled clerical	.	69.3	82.4	89.0	81.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	66.2	80.6	82.5	74.7
	High-skilled manual	.	70.2	83.5	86.1	76.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	73.5	77.0	85.6	77.2
	Total	.	68.7	80.7	85.0	77.1
UK (United Kingdom)	High-skilled clerical	.	50.4	39.5	47.2	43.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	50.4	48.5	47.2	43.4
	High-skilled manual	.	49.6	53.6	56.8	47.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	49.0	56.4	39.0	49.8
	Total	43.1	50.0	47.6	46.7	44.8
HR (Croatia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	12.4	37.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	21.5	60.1
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	20.6	47.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	30.5	56.8
	Total	.	.	.	23.2	52.9
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	56.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	59.6
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	72.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	70.2
	Total	.	.	.	.	65.2
TR (Turkey)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	59.6	69.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	64.3	80.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	79.7	74.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	82.4	83.6
	Total	.	.	.	74.7	77.7
NO (Norway)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	78.8	82.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	77.7	81.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	79.6	87.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	80.9	74.5
	Total	.	.	.	78.6	81.5
AL (Albania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	32.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	49.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	47.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	50.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	45.3
XK (Kosovo)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	54.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	61.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	80.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	77.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	64.9
ME (Montenegro)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	50.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	61.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	62.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	59.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	59.4
CH (Switzerland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	74.8	.
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	69.3	.
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	79.2	.
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	60.0	.
	Total	.	.	.	71.6	.
EC12	High-skilled clerical	.	49.2	49.5	54.4	55.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	50.6	52.5	58.3	58.7
	High-skilled manual	.	58.8	63.1	73.5	70.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	56.7	56.8	60.1	61.8
	Total	47.2	53.1	54.6	60.0	60.2
EU15	High-skilled clerical	.	50.2	50.9	55.9	56.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	51.6	53.7	59.5	59.7
	High-skilled manual	.	59.6	64.0	74.0	70.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	57.6	57.8	61.3	62.8
	Total	.	54.0	55.8	61.1	61.1
EU27	High-skilled clerical	.	.	52.4	54.0	54.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	54.3	58.5	58.1
	High-skilled manual	.	.	65.9	69.5	66.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	59.0	59.3	61.4
	Total	.	.	57.2	59.6	59.2

Page last updated: 15 November, 2010

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