EWCS 2010 Survey Results

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b)

Available languages:

Resize map: Default | Large

Gender

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Gender	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Male	42.2	43.4	53.9	64.6	65.7
	Female	26.0	31.9	47.7	59.2	51.7
	Total	36.0	38.8	51.3	62.3	59.4
BG (Bulgaria)	Male	.	.	60.2	55.1	50.2
	Female	.	.	55.1	51.9	44.3
	Total	.	.	57.8	53.6	47.5
CZ (Czech Republic)	Male	.	.	73.0	78.1	70.5
	Female	.	.	65.6	61.7	54.1
	Total	.	.	69.8	71.2	63.5
DK (Denmark)	Male	65.9	59.3	63.0	75.1	61.4
	Female	58.3	58.4	54.7	61.6	57.7
	Total	62.4	58.9	59.1	68.8	59.6
DE (Germany)	Male	72.9	74.6	74.9	79.6	77.6
	Female	50.4	54.1	62.0	60.5	66.8
	Total	63.5	65.8	69.2	70.9	72.6
EE (Estonia)	Male	.	.	56.5	63.2	66.4
	Female	.	.	48.5	55.9	54.3
	Total	.	.	52.7	59.6	60.1
EL (Greece)	Male	66.2	56.2	64.0	72.5	64.4
	Female	56.2	53.4	55.8	61.6	56.4
	Total	62.8	55.2	61.0	68.4	61.2
ES (Spain)	Male	35.0	42.9	46.1	64.4	62.0
	Female	29.7	33.0	41.8	40.8	44.0
	Total	33.3	39.4	44.5	55.1	54.1
FR (France)	Male	49.0	58.6	58.1	59.5	68.2
	Female	34.1	38.1	49.1	48.6	55.2
	Total	42.6	49.5	54.1	54.3	62.0
IE (Ireland)	Male	53.0	63.8	65.4	65.7	73.3
	Female	41.5	54.8	58.4	45.8	65.6
	Total	49.2	60.4	62.6	57.3	69.7
IT (Italy)	Male	34.4	34.0	55.6	65.8	60.1
	Female	23.5	34.9	47.5	49.2	52.3
	Total	30.6	34.3	52.6	59.2	56.9
CY (Cyprus)	Male	.	.	75.4	73.8	79.3
	Female	.	.	67.7	62.3	74.1
	Total	.	.	72.1	68.8	77.0
LV (Latvia)	Male	.	.	55.3	58.0	60.2
	Female	.	.	44.0	43.7	47.3
	Total	.	.	49.7	51.0	53.5
LT (Lithuania)	Male	.	.	44.3	62.8	57.0
	Female	.	.	39.0	52.5	38.2
	Total	.	.	41.6	57.8	47.3
LU (Luxembourg)	Male	44.1	44.1	50.0	61.6	58.8
	Female	25.2	36.3	50.6	48.8	51.9
	Total	37.5	41.3	50.2	56.3	55.8
HU (Hungary)	Male	.	.	55.8	65.6	69.3
	Female	.	.	55.6	50.4	60.3
	Total	.	.	55.7	58.7	65.1
MT (Malta)	Male	.	.	71.1	71.3	73.6
	Female	.	.	71.6	65.9	63.4
	Total	.	.	71.2	69.6	70.2
NL (Netherlands)	Male	43.4	49.5	60.3	66.9	63.4
	Female	23.2	33.0	49.7	54.0	55.9
	Total	35.6	42.8	55.8	61.2	59.9
AT (Austria)	Male	.	84.0	75.4	73.9	76.4
	Female	.	67.0	50.3	62.2	59.8
	Total	.	76.4	64.5	68.5	68.7
PL (Poland)	Male	.	.	55.5	60.5	57.4
	Female	.	.	46.0	50.3	42.9
	Total	.	.	51.2	56.0	50.9
PT (Portugal)	Male	35.9	35.9	33.8	58.0	47.2
	Female	27.2	35.7	25.8	47.1	33.1
	Total	32.2	35.8	30.2	53.0	40.6
RO (Romania)	Male	.	.	71.3	67.7	61.4
	Female	.	.	63.6	55.3	57.4
	Total	.	.	67.7	62.0	59.7
SI (Slovenia)	Male	.	.	51.1	66.9	70.8
	Female	.	.	49.2	67.7	67.2
	Total	.	.	50.3	67.3	69.1
SK (Slovakia)	Male	.	.	58.4	58.9	54.7
	Female	.	.	50.3	49.4	49.9
	Total	.	.	54.7	54.7	52.6
FI (Finland)	Male	.	75.5	72.1	71.7	71.7
	Female	.	72.2	71.4	75.6	70.8
	Total	.	73.9	71.8	73.6	71.3
SE (Sweden)	Male	.	67.9	71.9	73.0	70.4
	Female	.	59.8	68.2	70.3	65.7
	Total	.	64.0	70.1	71.7	68.2
UK (United Kingdom)	Male	75.1	83.1	74.4	67.1	74.0
	Female	52.2	66.4	58.4	59.3	61.7
	Total	65.0	75.6	67.0	63.5	68.2
HR (Croatia)	Male	.	.	.	44.3	62.0
	Female	.	.	.	42.7	59.0
	Total	.	.	.	43.6	60.6
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Male	.	.	.	.	59.7
	Female	.	.	.	.	52.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	57.1
TR (Turkey)	Male	.	.	.	69.5	77.7
	Female	.	.	.	73.9	79.2
	Total	.	.	.	70.6	78.1
NO (Norway)	Male	.	.	.	70.5	73.0
	Female	.	.	.	59.1	61.9
	Total	.	.	.	65.1	67.7
AL (Albania)	Male	.	.	.	.	56.4
	Female	.	.	.	.	56.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	56.2
XK (Kosovo)	Male	.	.	.	.	65.3
	Female	.	.	.	.	48.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	60.7
ME (Montenegro)	Male	.	.	.	.	54.3
	Female	.	.	.	.	48.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	52.0
CH (Switzerland)	Male	.	.	.	72.4	.
	Female	.	.	.	58.8	.
	Total	.	.	.	66.3	.
EC12	Male	55.7	59.9	62.8	68.2	68.3
	Female	40.6	47.8	53.0	53.8	57.0
	Total	49.6	54.9	58.6	61.8	63.2
EU15	Male	.	60.8	63.4	68.5	68.6
	Female	.	49.0	53.6	54.8	57.5
	Total	.	55.9	59.2	62.4	63.6
EU27	Male	.	.	63.0	67.7	67.0
	Female	.	.	53.7	54.4	56.0
	Total	.	.	59.0	61.8	62.0

Age

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Age	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Under 30	37.0	41.2	52.8	61.0	55.5
	30 to 49	35.9	37.5	51.9	62.3	61.5
	50+	34.2	40.1	47.0	63.4	57.6
	Total	36.0	38.8	51.3	62.3	59.4
BG (Bulgaria)	Under 30	.	.	56.1	54.4	49.3
	30 to 49	.	.	57.9	55.0	48.2
	50+	.	.	58.9	49.9	45.2
	Total	.	.	57.8	53.6	47.5
CZ (Czech Republic)	Under 30	.	.	71.8	67.0	66.3
	30 to 49	.	.	69.2	71.6	65.9
	50+	.	.	69.2	73.5	56.7
	Total	.	.	69.8	71.2	63.5
DK (Denmark)	Under 30	64.0	49.6	53.6	65.5	57.7
	30 to 49	66.7	66.9	64.7	74.1	61.6
	50+	49.5	52.8	53.7	62.2	57.8
	Total	62.4	58.9	59.1	68.8	59.6
DE (Germany)	Under 30	63.0	62.4	65.6	74.4	67.4
	30 to 49	65.4	67.6	71.9	70.5	75.9
	50+	60.2	65.3	65.8	69.1	70.7
	Total	63.5	65.8	69.2	70.9	72.6
EE (Estonia)	Under 30	.	.	56.4	56.7	70.1
	30 to 49	.	.	56.4	64.6	61.5
	50+	.	.	42.9	52.6	51.4
	Total	.	.	52.7	59.6	60.1
EL (Greece)	Under 30	60.4	54.0	60.2	73.0	58.7
	30 to 49	62.5	55.6	62.8	68.8	65.9
	50+	65.4	55.3	57.7	63.3	53.3
	Total	62.8	55.2	61.0	68.4	61.2
ES (Spain)	Under 30	37.8	36.7	39.6	51.2	49.8
	30 to 49	31.8	42.6	48.3	57.0	57.2
	50+	30.4	34.6	41.2	54.7	50.2
	Total	33.3	39.4	44.5	55.1	54.1
FR (France)	Under 30	45.4	55.2	58.7	55.9	64.3
	30 to 49	41.3	49.1	56.5	59.4	62.6
	50+	42.6	43.7	42.0	42.5	58.5
	Total	42.6	49.5	54.1	54.3	62.0
IE (Ireland)	Under 30	50.8	59.6	56.9	55.6	68.0
	30 to 49	51.8	63.4	69.1	61.9	73.8
	50+	39.9	54.2	56.3	49.1	63.3
	Total	49.2	60.4	62.6	57.3	69.7
IT (Italy)	Under 30	27.8	29.3	58.3	69.4	58.3
	30 to 49	32.1	37.7	52.5	60.1	58.3
	50+	30.8	30.4	47.4	48.1	53.1
	Total	30.6	34.3	52.6	59.2	56.9
CY (Cyprus)	Under 30	.	.	73.9	66.0	79.5
	30 to 49	.	.	69.8	73.4	78.6
	50+	.	.	75.6	61.1	72.3
	Total	.	.	72.1	68.8	77.0
LV (Latvia)	Under 30	.	.	54.9	50.7	58.6
	30 to 49	.	.	50.5	53.4	56.3
	50+	.	.	42.9	46.2	45.0
	Total	.	.	49.7	51.0	53.5
LT (Lithuania)	Under 30	.	.	42.7	66.1	60.7
	30 to 49	.	.	43.8	59.1	47.0
	50+	.	.	35.2	47.1	39.2
	Total	.	.	41.6	57.8	47.3
LU (Luxembourg)	Under 30	31.7	35.7	45.8	58.8	52.3
	30 to 49	41.9	41.5	53.2	58.5	57.2
	50+	34.4	51.1	45.6	47.0	55.3
	Total	37.5	41.3	50.2	56.3	55.8
HU (Hungary)	Under 30	.	.	51.6	57.8	72.0
	30 to 49	.	.	58.2	59.4	66.0
	50+	.	.	54.3	57.9	58.9
	Total	.	.	55.7	58.7	65.1
MT (Malta)	Under 30	.	.	77.3	75.0	80.4
	30 to 49	.	.	67.5	68.0	64.9
	50+	.	.	68.7	64.7	66.7
	Total	.	.	71.2	69.6	70.2
NL (Netherlands)	Under 30	40.5	48.9	57.7	60.0	50.6
	30 to 49	34.8	40.7	57.2	64.8	67.1
	50+	26.1	38.2	49.0	54.5	56.0
	Total	35.6	42.8	55.8	61.2	59.9
AT (Austria)	Under 30	.	78.2	64.3	65.7	73.8
	30 to 49	.	75.9	63.8	72.4	69.7
	50+	.	74.6	67.2	60.8	62.3
	Total	.	76.4	64.5	68.5	68.7
PL (Poland)	Under 30	.	.	43.9	48.3	44.0
	30 to 49	.	.	52.5	62.2	54.3
	50+	.	.	56.3	49.2	48.8
	Total	.	.	51.2	56.0	50.9
PT (Portugal)	Under 30	33.9	38.8	37.2	52.5	43.6
	30 to 49	35.4	37.1	33.1	57.7	47.7
	50+	24.4	30.9	18.3	44.3	27.4
	Total	32.2	35.8	30.2	53.0	40.6
RO (Romania)	Under 30	.	.	69.0	61.4	55.9
	30 to 49	.	.	68.3	63.3	61.6
	50+	.	.	65.8	59.2	58.6
	Total	.	.	67.7	62.0	59.7
SI (Slovenia)	Under 30	.	.	42.9	63.0	71.9
	30 to 49	.	.	54.0	70.9	69.9
	50+	.	.	47.6	61.5	64.8
	Total	.	.	50.3	67.3	69.1
SK (Slovakia)	Under 30	.	.	61.2	56.6	50.1
	30 to 49	.	.	52.9	54.8	56.2
	50+	.	.	51.0	51.9	46.9
	Total	.	.	54.7	54.7	52.6
FI (Finland)	Under 30	.	70.9	66.7	65.7	65.8
	30 to 49	.	75.3	75.9	76.9	74.9
	50+	.	72.9	67.3	73.1	69.9
	Total	.	73.9	71.8	73.6	71.3
SE (Sweden)	Under 30	.	62.3	69.7	68.3	74.7
	30 to 49	.	68.8	72.9	75.3	67.2
	50+	.	56.6	65.9	68.2	65.5
	Total	.	64.0	70.1	71.7	68.2
UK (United Kingdom)	Under 30	62.5	72.0	66.7	66.0	65.5
	30 to 49	69.3	80.5	69.1	69.2	74.1
	50+	59.2	68.6	63.2	50.1	60.4
	Total	65.0	75.6	67.0	63.5	68.2
HR (Croatia)	Under 30	.	.	.	43.0	65.4
	30 to 49	.	.	.	45.0	59.8
	50+	.	.	.	41.0	59.5
	Total	.	.	.	43.6	60.6
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	58.2
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	59.6
	50+	.	.	.	.	50.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	57.1
TR (Turkey)	Under 30	.	.	.	73.3	81.6
	30 to 49	.	.	.	69.5	78.1
	50+	.	.	.	68.6	69.5
	Total	.	.	.	70.6	78.1
NO (Norway)	Under 30	.	.	.	65.0	59.7
	30 to 49	.	.	.	66.7	69.7
	50+	.	.	.	63.8	70.1
	Total	.	.	.	65.1	67.7
AL (Albania)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	62.0
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	58.4
	50+	.	.	.	.	48.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	56.2
XK (Kosovo)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	57.5
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	66.4
	50+	.	.	.	.	55.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	60.7
ME (Montenegro)	Under 30	.	.	.	.	54.9
	30 to 49	.	.	.	.	50.9
	50+	.	.	.	.	51.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	52.0
CH (Switzerland)	Under 30	.	.	.	59.6	.
	30 to 49	.	.	.	70.8	.
	50+	.	.	.	62.5	.
	Total	.	.	.	66.3	.
EC12	Under 30	50.1	54.1	58.4	63.8	61.1
	30 to 49	50.4	56.4	60.7	64.3	66.1
	50+	47.1	51.8	53.5	54.7	59.0
	Total	49.6	54.9	58.6	61.8	63.2
EU15	Under 30	.	55.1	58.9	64.0	61.8
	30 to 49	.	57.5	61.3	64.9	66.4
	50+	.	52.8	54.4	55.6	59.5
	Total	.	55.9	59.2	62.4	63.6
EU27	Under 30	.	.	58.3	62.4	60.2
	30 to 49	.	.	60.7	64.4	64.7
	50+	.	.	55.4	55.7	58.2
	Total	.	.	59.0	61.8	62.0

Employment status

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Employment status	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Employee - permanent contract	.	37.7	51.9	61.6	61.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	30.4	45.2	49.6	58.2
	Self-employed	.	45.1	53.0	74.4	56.9
	Total	36.0	38.8	51.3	62.3	59.4
BG (Bulgaria)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	57.1	56.6	47.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	59.8	47.7	40.0
	Self-employed	.	.	54.6	51.9	54.2
	Total	.	.	57.8	53.6	47.5
CZ (Czech Republic)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	69.2	75.8	64.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	64.9	61.8	60.9
	Self-employed	.	.	76.4	70.2	66.3
	Total	.	.	69.8	71.2	63.5
DK (Denmark)	Employee - permanent contract	.	61.3	59.7	70.6	60.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	53.3	53.7	61.8	54.4
	Self-employed	.	59.4	66.3	72.1	59.4
	Total	62.4	58.9	59.1	68.8	59.6
DE (Germany)	Employee - permanent contract	.	66.9	71.4	71.3	76.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	63.3	59.2	71.0	64.2
	Self-employed	.	64.1	71.2	71.1	66.8
	Total	63.5	65.8	69.2	70.9	72.6
EE (Estonia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	52.5	62.0	61.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	51.3	49.5	54.1
	Self-employed	.	.	59.7	56.2	59.2
	Total	.	.	52.7	59.6	60.1
EL (Greece)	Employee - permanent contract	.	56.3	60.8	67.0	60.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	54.9	61.5	70.2	61.3
	Self-employed	.	53.4	60.5	67.6	62.4
	Total	62.8	55.2	61.0	68.4	61.2
ES (Spain)	Employee - permanent contract	.	39.1	44.2	58.2	54.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	38.6	45.1	48.6	53.9
	Self-employed	.	44.2	44.4	55.2	54.3
	Total	33.3	39.4	44.5	55.1	54.1
FR (France)	Employee - permanent contract	.	51.3	55.9	53.7	63.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	46.2	48.4	53.7	57.2
	Self-employed	.	48.1	52.5	63.8	69.0
	Total	42.6	49.5	54.1	54.3	62.0
IE (Ireland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	63.7	63.9	64.2	72.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	66.3	56.4	49.4	67.9
	Self-employed	.	51.0	64.8	56.2	69.0
	Total	49.2	60.4	62.6	57.3	69.7
IT (Italy)	Employee - permanent contract	.	33.2	53.9	62.6	58.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	28.5	53.2	54.3	53.0
	Self-employed	.	38.0	49.3	57.5	57.2
	Total	30.6	34.3	52.6	59.2	56.9
CY (Cyprus)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	73.9	66.7	76.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	68.8	70.2	76.7
	Self-employed	.	.	74.6	69.8	78.3
	Total	.	.	72.1	68.8	77.0
LV (Latvia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	49.4	49.5	55.0
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	47.7	52.9	53.9
	Self-employed	.	.	52.4	61.2	39.8
	Total	.	.	49.7	51.0	53.5
LT (Lithuania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	41.8	58.7	47.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	42.9	53.5	58.5
	Self-employed	.	.	39.2	58.2	34.0
	Total	.	.	41.6	57.8	47.3
LU (Luxembourg)	Employee - permanent contract	.	41.8	48.7	55.7	57.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	41.8	56.4	52.6	51.5
	Self-employed	.	41.1	56.4	69.8	52.7
	Total	37.5	41.3	50.2	56.3	55.8
HU (Hungary)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	56.5	60.6	66.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	38.3	51.4	56.8
	Self-employed	.	.	61.9	59.3	65.5
	Total	.	.	55.7	58.7	65.1
MT (Malta)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	71.8	71.7	70.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	70.1	68.2	70.0
	Self-employed	.	.	68.5	66.7	70.1
	Total	.	.	71.2	69.6	70.2
NL (Netherlands)	Employee - permanent contract	.	42.6	56.8	64.2	64.1
	Employee - other arrangement	.	39.9	54.1	51.8	51.8
	Self-employed	.	48.8	49.6	58.7	55.0
	Total	35.6	42.8	55.8	61.2	59.9
AT (Austria)	Employee - permanent contract	.	74.7	63.9	68.9	72.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	86.9	64.8	68.5	62.5
	Self-employed	.	81.6	69.7	66.6	59.5
	Total	.	76.4	64.5	68.5	68.7
PL (Poland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	47.0	55.4	50.7
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	43.7	46.0	43.7
	Self-employed	.	.	60.8	69.7	60.2
	Total	.	.	51.2	56.0	50.9
PT (Portugal)	Employee - permanent contract	.	38.3	31.7	57.1	47.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	35.6	34.1	49.8	38.2
	Self-employed	.	33.8	21.7	47.4	28.1
	Total	32.2	35.8	30.2	53.0	40.6
RO (Romania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	69.1	67.8	63.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	54.8	60.7	50.9
	Self-employed	.	.	66.4	61.3	57.4
	Total	.	.	67.7	62.0	59.7
SI (Slovenia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	55.7	65.6	72.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	37.1	68.0	63.7
	Self-employed	.	.	47.2	78.8	71.6
	Total	.	.	50.3	67.3	69.1
SK (Slovakia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	52.5	53.7	53.5
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	53.8	53.1	43.0
	Self-employed	.	.	67.9	67.8	59.4
	Total	.	.	54.7	54.7	52.6
FI (Finland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	78.5	74.2	74.7	72.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	63.1	67.0	69.7	70.4
	Self-employed	.	65.7	68.2	75.1	67.6
	Total	.	73.9	71.8	73.6	71.3
SE (Sweden)	Employee - permanent contract	.	66.1	71.9	72.1	69.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	53.0	60.7	73.7	53.4
	Self-employed	.	61.8	69.4	68.9	78.4
	Total	.	64.0	70.1	71.7	68.2
UK (United Kingdom)	Employee - permanent contract	.	76.9	68.5	66.0	70.9
	Employee - other arrangement	.	69.3	65.3	62.5	60.9
	Self-employed	.	72.9	62.4	57.0	66.9
	Total	65.0	75.6	67.0	63.5	68.2
HR (Croatia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	44.2	59.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	41.9	70.8
	Self-employed	.	.	.	43.7	58.7
	Total	.	.	.	43.6	60.6
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	55.1
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	67.2
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	52.2
	Total	.	.	.	.	57.1
TR (Turkey)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	77.5	75.2
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	71.3	83.7
	Self-employed	.	.	.	69.6	73.4
	Total	.	.	.	70.6	78.1
NO (Norway)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	65.8	70.7
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	68.1	56.8
	Self-employed	.	.	.	64.0	53.0
	Total	.	.	.	65.1	67.7
AL (Albania)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	52.3
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	54.4
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	59.1
	Total	.	.	.	.	56.2
XK (Kosovo)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	54.6
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	59.6
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	63.7
	Total	.	.	.	.	60.7
ME (Montenegro)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	.	54.7
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	.	55.0
	Self-employed	.	.	.	.	41.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	52.0
CH (Switzerland)	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	.	69.9	.
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	.	62.2	.
	Self-employed	.	.	.	57.9	.
	Total	.	.	.	66.3	.
EC12	Employee - permanent contract	.	57.8	60.8	63.7	66.1
	Employee - other arrangement	.	49.3	53.7	58.3	57.4
	Self-employed	.	50.7	55.2	60.3	61.2
	Total	49.6	54.9	58.6	61.8	63.2
EU15	Employee - permanent contract	.	58.9	61.4	64.3	66.4
	Employee - other arrangement	.	50.2	54.3	58.9	57.6
	Self-employed	.	51.6	55.9	60.8	61.6
	Total	.	55.9	59.2	62.4	63.6
EU27	Employee - permanent contract	.	.	60.7	63.7	64.8
	Employee - other arrangement	.	.	53.7	57.5	56.0
	Self-employed	.	.	57.6	61.7	61.1
	Total	.	.	59.0	61.8	62.0

Industry/Services

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Industry/Services	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	Industry	.	49.7	57.6	70.0	67.7
	Services	.	34.1	48.9	59.4	56.3
	Total	36.0	38.8	51.3	62.3	59.4
BG (Bulgaria)	Industry	.	.	66.2	67.6	56.0
	Services	.	.	51.5	43.5	41.6
	Total	.	.	57.8	53.6	47.5
CZ (Czech Republic)	Industry	.	.	80.8	83.6	76.5
	Services	.	.	60.5	62.4	55.3
	Total	.	.	69.8	71.2	63.5
DK (Denmark)	Industry	.	61.0	68.1	65.3	59.5
	Services	.	58.0	55.4	70.6	59.7
	Total	62.4	58.9	59.1	68.8	59.6
DE (Germany)	Industry	.	74.5	76.6	78.8	79.5
	Services	.	60.5	65.1	67.5	69.7
	Total	63.5	65.8	69.2	70.9	72.6
EE (Estonia)	Industry	.	.	59.8	68.5	72.6
	Services	.	.	47.7	53.4	53.5
	Total	.	.	52.7	59.6	60.1
EL (Greece)	Industry	.	61.0	70.1	77.7	76.5
	Services	.	50.7	54.9	63.3	53.8
	Total	62.8	55.2	61.0	68.4	61.2
ES (Spain)	Industry	.	42.1	50.8	66.2	61.8
	Services	.	37.8	40.8	48.7	51.3
	Total	33.3	39.4	44.5	55.1	54.1
FR (France)	Industry	.	58.1	65.7	58.8	74.5
	Services	.	45.5	48.9	52.6	58.0
	Total	42.6	49.5	54.1	54.3	62.0
IE (Ireland)	Industry	.	71.1	66.1	71.3	79.3
	Services	.	53.6	60.6	50.9	66.4
	Total	49.2	60.4	62.6	57.3	69.7
IT (Italy)	Industry	.	36.8	59.1	70.3	65.4
	Services	.	32.8	48.8	53.0	53.0
	Total	30.6	34.3	52.6	59.2	56.9
CY (Cyprus)	Industry	.	.	77.7	74.6	85.9
	Services	.	.	69.9	66.7	74.2
	Total	.	.	72.1	68.8	77.0
LV (Latvia)	Industry	.	.	54.5	58.4	60.8
	Services	.	.	46.2	46.1	50.2
	Total	.	.	49.7	51.0	53.5
LT (Lithuania)	Industry	.	.	52.3	65.6	54.5
	Services	.	.	33.1	52.1	43.5
	Total	.	.	41.6	57.8	47.3
LU (Luxembourg)	Industry	.	49.0	53.6	61.3	71.4
	Services	.	38.8	49.2	54.8	53.3
	Total	37.5	41.3	50.2	56.3	55.8
HU (Hungary)	Industry	.	.	60.9	64.3	75.9
	Services	.	.	52.2	55.0	59.3
	Total	.	.	55.7	58.7	65.1
MT (Malta)	Industry	.	.	82.1	80.9	80.9
	Services	.	.	65.8	64.4	66.8
	Total	.	.	71.2	69.6	70.2
NL (Netherlands)	Industry	.	54.8	63.6	70.1	56.6
	Services	.	38.3	53.2	58.7	60.8
	Total	35.6	42.8	55.8	61.2	59.9
AT (Austria)	Industry	.	83.0	79.0	76.9	77.5
	Services	.	72.3	56.4	64.2	65.1
	Total	.	76.4	64.5	68.5	68.7
PL (Poland)	Industry	.	.	62.4	68.9	59.4
	Services	.	.	40.0	43.7	45.1
	Total	.	.	51.2	56.0	50.9
PT (Portugal)	Industry	.	40.0	36.6	61.2	47.8
	Services	.	32.7	24.5	46.8	36.5
	Total	32.2	35.8	30.2	53.0	40.6
RO (Romania)	Industry	.	.	73.6	66.5	64.8
	Services	.	.	53.5	54.8	53.2
	Total	.	.	67.7	62.0	59.7
SI (Slovenia)	Industry	.	.	54.2	75.2	76.6
	Services	.	.	46.6	60.5	64.5
	Total	.	.	50.3	67.3	69.1
SK (Slovakia)	Industry	.	.	58.5	63.4	63.8
	Services	.	.	51.8	47.6	45.2
	Total	.	.	54.7	54.7	52.6
FI (Finland)	Industry	.	72.5	72.9	71.6	74.6
	Services	.	74.7	71.1	74.2	70.1
	Total	.	73.9	71.8	73.6	71.3
SE (Sweden)	Industry	.	72.3	70.8	71.8	72.1
	Services	.	60.6	69.8	71.6	67.4
	Total	.	64.0	70.1	71.7	68.2
UK (United Kingdom)	Industry	.	83.7	79.0	69.3	76.2
	Services	.	72.2	62.7	62.1	66.5
	Total	65.0	75.6	67.0	63.5	68.2
HR (Croatia)	Industry	.	.	.	47.9	62.8
	Services	.	.	.	40.4	59.1
	Total	.	.	.	43.6	60.6
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	Industry	.	.	.	.	67.7
	Services	.	.	.	.	49.0
	Total	.	.	.	.	57.1
TR (Turkey)	Industry	.	.	.	75.4	81.1
	Services	.	.	.	61.8	75.5
	Total	.	.	.	70.6	78.1
NO (Norway)	Industry	.	.	.	73.4	76.9
	Services	.	.	.	62.3	65.0
	Total	.	.	.	65.1	67.7
AL (Albania)	Industry	.	.	.	.	66.7
	Services	.	.	.	.	47.5
	Total	.	.	.	.	56.2
XK (Kosovo)	Industry	.	.	.	.	70.1
	Services	.	.	.	.	55.3
	Total	.	.	.	.	60.7
ME (Montenegro)	Industry	.	.	.	.	60.2
	Services	.	.	.	.	48.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	52.0
CH (Switzerland)	Industry	.	.	.	72.7	.
	Services	.	.	.	63.9	.
	Total	.	.	.	66.3	.
EC12	Industry	.	61.0	66.4	69.7	70.9
	Services	.	51.6	54.7	58.5	60.4
	Total	49.6	54.9	58.6	61.8	63.2
EU15	Industry	.	62.0	66.9	70.0	71.1
	Services	.	52.7	55.4	59.2	60.8
	Total	.	55.9	59.2	62.4	63.6
EU27	Industry	.	.	67.0	69.7	69.2
	Services	.	.	54.3	57.9	59.1
	Total	.	.	59.0	61.8	62.0

Type of occupation

Does your job involve working to tight deadlines? (q45b) - At least a quarter of the time
Country	Type of occupation	1991	1995	2000	2005	2010
BE (Belgium)	High-skilled clerical	.	36.7	50.5	65.5	60.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	35.8	49.1	58.4	56.9
	High-skilled manual	.	50.0	55.1	77.4	62.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	38.4	54.4	54.3	62.0
	Total	36.0	38.8	51.3	62.3	59.4
BG (Bulgaria)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	56.0	49.3	50.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	46.6	41.3	39.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	70.3	70.1	57.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	64.8	59.6	48.5
	Total	.	.	57.8	53.6	47.5
CZ (Czech Republic)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	82.4	69.1	67.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	57.8	60.9	55.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	81.5	88.3	83.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	67.9	74.0	59.8
	Total	.	.	69.8	71.2	63.5
DK (Denmark)	High-skilled clerical	.	70.7	72.8	80.5	71.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	57.9	54.9	66.4	58.0
	High-skilled manual	.	53.9	64.8	70.7	55.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	53.5	51.5	60.0	52.0
	Total	62.4	58.9	59.1	68.8	59.6
DE (Germany)	High-skilled clerical	.	68.5	74.7	68.5	77.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	61.2	64.2	63.9	67.5
	High-skilled manual	.	76.9	76.4	88.5	84.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	61.0	67.9	74.0	70.3
	Total	63.5	65.8	69.2	70.9	72.6
EE (Estonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	63.2	67.9	64.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	43.7	52.8	51.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	61.8	65.9	69.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	45.6	53.3	62.5
	Total	.	.	52.7	59.6	60.1
EL (Greece)	High-skilled clerical	.	48.6	54.5	60.5	58.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	50.1	53.8	66.5	53.6
	High-skilled manual	.	62.3	72.3	76.3	73.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	57.1	58.6	70.8	62.8
	Total	62.8	55.2	61.0	68.4	61.2
ES (Spain)	High-skilled clerical	.	42.7	43.9	55.4	52.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	34.7	39.7	54.8	47.4
	High-skilled manual	.	46.2	46.4	65.3	56.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	36.2	50.0	48.4	65.1
	Total	33.3	39.4	44.5	55.1	54.1
FR (France)	High-skilled clerical	.	46.6	52.7	50.1	63.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	43.4	49.0	50.9	56.5
	High-skilled manual	.	57.3	65.4	79.2	71.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	58.3	56.5	50.8	65.3
	Total	42.6	49.5	54.1	54.3	62.0
IE (Ireland)	High-skilled clerical	.	61.4	70.2	67.0	76.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	60.3	54.1	45.8	64.5
	High-skilled manual	.	61.0	66.2	66.6	76.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	58.5	61.3	49.9	60.3
	Total	49.2	60.4	62.6	57.3	69.7
IT (Italy)	High-skilled clerical	.	49.6	57.9	49.3	51.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	34.8	48.7	62.1	56.5
	High-skilled manual	.	28.9	57.2	80.5	60.3
	Low-skilled manual	.	29.5	52.6	55.2	59.4
	Total	30.6	34.3	52.6	59.2	56.9
CY (Cyprus)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	74.0	65.7	80.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	70.0	63.0	73.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	76.4	87.8	84.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	70.8	68.1	75.1
	Total	.	.	72.1	68.8	77.0
LV (Latvia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	47.5	45.5	52.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	45.2	47.3	47.0
	High-skilled manual	.	.	59.9	66.0	69.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	48.5	49.3	54.3
	Total	.	.	49.7	51.0	53.5
LT (Lithuania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	38.0	54.3	45.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	38.0	61.2	42.7
	High-skilled manual	.	.	54.0	77.5	57.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	34.6	46.6	44.5
	Total	.	.	41.6	57.8	47.3
LU (Luxembourg)	High-skilled clerical	.	43.2	49.1	60.4	52.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	43.5	50.8	55.9	55.8
	High-skilled manual	.	40.1	54.7	53.6	71.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	35.5	46.7	52.0	50.8
	Total	37.5	41.3	50.2	56.3	55.8
HU (Hungary)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	63.9	53.7	78.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	47.4	59.3	55.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	63.8	69.0	72.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	52.1	53.0	61.9
	Total	.	.	55.7	58.7	65.1
MT (Malta)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	72.8	71.4	68.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	67.5	63.6	67.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	72.2	71.5	80.8
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	75.4	75.7	72.0
	Total	.	.	71.2	69.6	70.2
NL (Netherlands)	High-skilled clerical	.	45.6	56.5	66.5	74.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	39.1	53.6	58.0	56.8
	High-skilled manual	.	52.4	68.4	72.1	44.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	39.6	52.1	51.2	48.2
	Total	35.6	42.8	55.8	61.2	59.9
AT (Austria)	High-skilled clerical	.	80.6	67.4	75.3	68.5
	Low-skilled clerical	.	74.1	54.8	64.9	65.3
	High-skilled manual	.	85.1	80.0	74.6	86.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	70.5	65.9	65.8	62.8
	Total	.	76.4	64.5	68.5	68.7
PL (Poland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	50.4	58.5	56.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	43.5	37.2	42.8
	High-skilled manual	.	.	64.7	71.2	62.0
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	44.1	51.4	44.5
	Total	.	.	51.2	56.0	50.9
PT (Portugal)	High-skilled clerical	.	35.9	27.5	44.4	43.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	34.4	25.5	44.3	41.7
	High-skilled manual	.	38.1	32.9	61.6	44.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	35.2	33.7	61.0	31.6
	Total	32.2	35.8	30.2	53.0	40.6
RO (Romania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	56.5	67.6	64.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	46.5	60.5	52.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	76.0	62.3	64.7
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	73.4	60.0	57.6
	Total	.	.	67.7	62.0	59.7
SI (Slovenia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	52.4	60.3	69.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	41.5	67.3	69.3
	High-skilled manual	.	.	53.3	71.5	71.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	58.3	70.4	66.5
	Total	.	.	50.3	67.3	69.1
SK (Slovakia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	61.9	50.7	50.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	51.6	52.0	46.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	57.6	70.3	69.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	52.0	48.4	51.9
	Total	.	.	54.7	54.7	52.6
FI (Finland)	High-skilled clerical	.	83.1	77.1	82.1	73.2
	Low-skilled clerical	.	72.9	68.3	70.2	67.2
	High-skilled manual	.	67.1	70.2	64.6	76.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	69.8	71.3	74.2	73.4
	Total	.	73.9	71.8	73.6	71.3
SE (Sweden)	High-skilled clerical	.	65.6	77.3	83.1	73.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	60.2	68.3	66.4	66.6
	High-skilled manual	.	67.0	73.7	77.7	70.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	70.4	64.0	66.4	63.7
	Total	.	64.0	70.1	71.7	68.2
UK (United Kingdom)	High-skilled clerical	.	85.4	64.1	74.9	80.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	70.1	62.2	60.3	59.6
	High-skilled manual	.	79.2	84.6	70.6	73.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	67.3	71.6	48.1	65.6
	Total	65.0	75.6	67.0	63.5	68.2
HR (Croatia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	40.9	56.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	41.6	63.3
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	47.1	60.2
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	45.3	58.8
	Total	.	.	.	43.6	60.6
MK (FYR of Macedonia)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	56.4
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	47.9
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	69.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	58.9
	Total	.	.	.	.	57.1
TR (Turkey)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	54.5	72.0
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	59.9	80.1
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	76.0	76.5
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	78.7	82.0
	Total	.	.	.	70.6	78.1
NO (Norway)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	74.4	78.7
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	59.1	62.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	73.7	71.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	67.2	70.4
	Total	.	.	.	65.1	67.7
AL (Albania)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	46.8
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	46.4
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	64.6
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	61.8
	Total	.	.	.	.	56.2
XK (Kosovo)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	52.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	56.0
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	79.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	67.3
	Total	.	.	.	.	60.7
ME (Montenegro)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	47.9
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	.	50.2
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	58.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	.	57.4
	Total	.	.	.	.	52.0
CH (Switzerland)	High-skilled clerical	.	.	.	77.3	.
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	.	62.1	.
	High-skilled manual	.	.	.	70.8	.
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	.	50.5	.
	Total	.	.	.	66.3	.
EC12	High-skilled clerical	.	62.0	60.5	61.7	68.3
	Low-skilled clerical	.	51.0	54.5	58.9	58.7
	High-skilled manual	.	58.9	65.7	77.3	68.4
	Low-skilled manual	.	51.0	58.5	56.0	63.1
	Total	49.6	54.9	58.6	61.8	63.2
EU15	High-skilled clerical	.	62.7	61.4	62.8	68.6
	Low-skilled clerical	.	52.2	55.1	59.5	59.2
	High-skilled manual	.	59.8	66.3	77.0	68.9
	Low-skilled manual	.	52.3	59.0	56.7	63.2
	Total	.	55.9	59.2	62.4	63.6
EU27	High-skilled clerical	.	.	60.8	62.2	67.1
	Low-skilled clerical	.	.	54.0	58.3	57.5
	High-skilled manual	.	.	67.1	74.6	68.1
	Low-skilled manual	.	.	58.8	56.6	60.9
	Total	.	.	59.0	61.8	62.0

Page last updated: 15 November, 2010

^Back to top of page