Evropská nadace pro zlepšování životních a pracovních podmínek
Nadace Eurofound je tripartitní agenturou Evropské unie, která poskytuje přehled poznatků s cílem přispívat k rozvoji lepších sociálních, zaměstnaneckých a pracovních politik
Nadace Eurofound je tripartitní agenturou Evropské unie, která poskytuje přehled poznatků s cílem přispívat k rozvoji lepších sociálních, zaměstnaneckých a pracovních politik
The Bank of Ireland and Ulster Bank, two of Ireland's largest banks, have
concluded deals with the Irish Bank Officials' Association (IBOA) trade union
on special "Millennium payments" for time worked on Millennium eve, 31
December 1999, and the subsequent weekend. While the payments are largely
aimed at information technology (IT) staff required to monitor the computer
problems associated with the year 2000 "Millennium bug" (whereby some
computers will be unable to deal with the change in date), they will apply to
any non-IT staff who may also be needed. These are the among first agreements
of significance to be negotiated in the Republic in advance of the Millennium
weekend (IE9905279N [1]).
Over August and September 1999, trade unions and employers aired their views
on Spain's forthcoming state Budget for 2000. Employers' proposals included a
call for a cut in social security contributions, while employers focused on
issues such as unemployment cover and pension increases. The government has
largely maintained its positions, though apparently some concessions will be
made.
In August 1999, a new coalition government took office in Luxembourg,
following the general election in June. The change of administration is
unlikely to herald any fundamental change in direction as regards employment
law, though the new government will seek to encourage capital- and
profit-sharing by employees. There will also be a review of civil servants'
pay.
In September 1999, French MP Catherine Génisson submitted a report on
equality between women and men at work, commissioned by the Prime Minister.
The report, entitled "More mixing in the labour market for greater equality
between men and women", advocates various measures to ensure "real equality."
Danish companies have access to one of Europe's most favourable selections of
courses, guidance and educational planning schemes, which are paid for by the
state. This includes adult vocational training schools (AMU centres), which
spend somewhere in the region of DKK 2 billion a year on offering highly
specialised courses designed to meet companies' needs. Trade and industry
still has considerable influence on which courses these schools offer.
The 1999 annual conference of the UK's Trades Union Congress (TUC) took place
on 13-16 September. The agenda covered a wide range of employment issues and
featured speeches by a number of government ministers including the Prime
Minister, Tony Blair, and the trade and industry secretary Stephen Byers.
In July 1999, during negotiations over the renewal of company agreements at
the Meridiana airline, pilots and flight attendants staged Italy's first
"virtual strike". During the four-hour "virtual strike", the employees worked
as usual but without being paid, while Meridiana undertook to donate the
receipts from the flights involved to humanitarian organisations. However,
this use of such alternative forms of industrial action, as provided for by a
December 1998 agreement for the transport sector, raises a series of
technical problems. In the Meridiana case, the Minister of Transport will
have to issue an arbitration award to define the obligations of the two
sides, particularly as regards the sum to be paid by the company.
In September 1999, the Dutch Minister of Social Affairs opened the door to
allowing individuals seeking asylum in the Netherlands to participate in the
labour market, and the State Secretary of Justice is to present a plan for an
adapted collective agreement to cover asylum-seekers. Small and medium-sized
employers and the temporary agency work sector supported this idea, pointing
to current labour shortages. The central employers' organisation, VNO-NCW,
and the liberal VVD party, which is a member of the governing coalition, are
opposed to asylum-seekers participating fully in the labour market.
The Council of Economic and Financial Affairs Ministers reached agreement on
8 October 1999 on a Directive amending Directive 77/388/EEC on tax
harmonisation [1], enabling Member States, on an experimental basis, to apply
a reduced rate of value-added tax (VAT) on certain labour-intensive services.
The new Directive was to be formally adopted at a subsequent Council meeting.
August 1999 saw the publication of legislation that will bring about sweeping
changes in the system of penalties imposed in cases of violations of
Portugal's labour law. The new system divides violations into categories
according to their seriousness, and fines will vary according to whether
there is gross neglect or intent, and the size of the enterprise.
Eurofound's representativeness studies are designed to allow the European Commission to identify the ‘management and labour’ whom it must consult under article 154 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This series consists of studies of the representativeness of employer and worker organisations in various sectors.
This series reports on developments in minimum wage rates across the EU, including how they are set and how they have developed over time in nominal and real terms. The series explores where there are statutory minimum wages or collectively agreed minimum wages in the Member States, as well as minimum wage coverage rates by gender.
Eurofound’s work on COVID-19 examines the far-reaching socioeconomic implications of the pandemic across Europe as they continue to impact living and working conditions. A key element of the research is the e-survey, conducted in three rounds – in April and July 2020 and in March 2021. This is complemented by the inclusion of research into the ongoing effects of the pandemic in much of Eurofound’s other areas of work.
The European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) launched in 1990 and is carried out every five years, with the latest edition in 2015. It provides an overview of trends in working conditions and quality of employment for the last 30 years. It covers issues such as employment status, working time duration and organisation, work organisation, learning and training, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work–life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, work and health, and most recently also the future of work.
The European Restructuring Monitor has reported on the employment impact of large-scale business restructuring since 2002. This series includes its restructuring-related databases (events, support instruments and legislation) as well as case studies and publications.
Eurofound’s Flagship report series 'Challenges and prospects in the EU' comprise research reports that contain the key results of multiannual research activities and incorporate findings from different related research projects. Flagship reports are the major output of each of Eurofound’s strategic areas of intervention and have as their objective to contribute to current policy debates.
Eurofound’s European Company Survey (ECS) maps and analyses company policies and practices which can have an impact on smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, as well as the development of social dialogue in companies. This series consists of outputs from the ECS 2019, the fourth edition of the survey. The survey was first carried out in 2004–2005 as the European Survey on Working Time and Work-Life Balance.
This series reports on and updates latest information on the involvement of national social partners in policymaking. The series analyses the involvement of national social partners in the implementation of policy reforms within the framework of social dialogue practices, including their involvement in elaborating the National Reform Programmes (NRPs).
This series reports on the new forms of employment emerging across Europe that are driven by societal, economic and technological developments and are different from traditional standard or non-standard employment in a number of ways. This series explores what characterises these new employment forms and what implications they have for working conditions and the labour market.
The European Company Survey (ECS) is carried out every four to five years since its inception in 2004–2005, with the latest edition in 2019. The survey is designed to provide information on workplace practices to develop and evaluate socioeconomic policy in the EU. It covers issues around work organisation, working time arrangements and work–life balance, flexibility, workplace innovation, employee involvement, human resource management, social dialogue, and most recently also skills use, skills strategies and digitalisation.
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Eurofound je agentura Evropské unie