Anticipating and managing the impact of change

Game-changing technologies: Transforming production and employment in Europe

Report
Udgivet
22 januar 2020
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Executive summary in 22 languages
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Forfatter(e): 
Peruffo, Eleonora; Rodriguez Contreras, Ricardo; Mandl, Irene; Bisello, Martina

Væsentlige konklusioner

  • Game-changing technologies (GCTs) are those expected to have a disruptive effect on the economy, labour market and society; GCTs should be monitored to identify early interventions to foster growth or to prevent negative effects.
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  • Game-changing technologies (GCTs) are those expected to have a disruptive effect on the economy, labour market and society; GCTs should be monitored to identify early interventions to foster growth or to prevent negative effects.
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  • There is considerable difference as regards technical and market maturity across GCTs and their adoption across sectors. For example, advanced robotics is a comparatively well established technology in some manufacturing sectors, while at early stage adoption in services. Blockchain, in contrast, is hardly operationally used by business in general, and if applied, then rather in services.
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  • The numerical employment impact of GCTs is hard to assess, but most probably is less severe than often discussed. Most analysed GCTs show some potential for both, job creation (notably higher-skilled jobs related to data handling, science and analytics) and job loss (notably jobs characterised by a high level of automatable routine tasks).
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  • More importantly, GCTs are expected to have a substantial impact on the task composition within jobs, which is likely to result in disruptive changes as regards skills needs and use and work organisation.
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  • To ensure, at the same time, global competitiveness of European companies and sustainable employment and decent working conditions for the workforce, policy interventions are needed, even if the GCTs are not yet widely adopted by business.
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Resumé

Innovation and technological advancement are natural features of developed economies, and they are necessary to maintain and improve sustainable competitiveness in an era of globalisation. However, while most innovation tends to be incremental, some has a disruptive effect on production and serviRead more

Innovation and technological advancement are natural features of developed economies, and they are necessary to maintain and improve sustainable competitiveness in an era of globalisation. However, while most innovation tends to be incremental, some has a disruptive effect on production and service provision, the labour market and social dialogue. This report discusses a selection of eight so-called ‘game-changing technologies’ (advanced robotics, additive manufacturing, the Internet of Things, electric vehicles, autonomous vehicles, industrial biotechnologies, blockchain and virtual and augmented reality). Each of these has the potential to substantially change business activities, work and employment in Europe. Looking at both the manufacturing and services sectors, this report gives an indication of how these technologies might be adopted and how they are expected to affect the labour market.

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Formater

  • Rapport

    Antal sider: 
    54
    Referencenr.: 
    EF19047
    ISBN: 
    978-92-897-2044-1
    Katalognr.: 
    TJ-03-20-015-EN-C
    DOI: 
    10.2806/198
    Permalink: 
    eurofound.link/ef19047
    Catalogue info

    Game-changing technologies: Transforming production and employment in Europe

    Forfatter(e): 
    Peruffo, Eleonora; Rodriguez Contreras, Ricardo; Mandl, Irene; Bisello, Martina
    Topics: 
    Platform work; Small and medium-sized enterprises; Structural change; Industrial policy; Den digitale tidsalder: muligheder og udfordringer for arbejdet og beskæftigelsen; Beskæftigelse og arbejdsmarkeder; Foregribelse og styring af konsekvenserne af forandringer

    Formater

    Citér denne publikation: 

    Eurofound (2020), Game-changing technologies: Transforming production and employment in Europe, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.

  • Executive summary

    Revolutionerende teknologier: Transformation af fremstillingssektoren og beskæftigelsen i Europa

    Forfatter(e): 
    Eurofound

    Innovation og teknologiske fremskridt er naturlige karakteristika ved udviklede økonomier, og de er nødvendige for at fastholde og forbedre en bæredygtig konkurrenceevne i globaliseringens tidsalder. Selvom de fleste innovative forandringer sker gradvist, har nogle en forstyrrende virkning på fremstillingsprocesser og levering af tjenesteydelser, arbejdsmarkedet og den sociale dialog. Rapporten indeholder en drøftelse af otte såkaldte revolutionerende teknologier (avanceret robotteknologi, additiv fremstilling, tingenes internet, elektriske køretøjer, selvkørende køretøjer, industrielle bioteknologier, blockchain og virtual reality/augmented reality). De har hver især potentialet til at forandre forretningsaktiviteter, arbejdsvilkår og beskæftigelsen i Europa væsentligt. Hvad angår fremstillings- og servicesektoren, giver rapporten en indikation af, hvordan disse teknologier kan tages i brug, og hvordan de kan forventes at påvirke arbejdsmarkedet.

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  • Working papers

    Related working papers

    The working papers accompanying this report deal with the implications for the services sector.

  • Data and infographics

    Figures

    • Figure 1: Narrow AI: fields of application
    • Figure 2: Vectors of digital change and analysed GCTs
    • Figure 3: GCTs in manufacturing: potential employment implications
    • Figure 4: GCTs in services: potential employment implications
    • Figure 5: Overview of potential impact of the analysed GCTs on selected working conditions

    Tables

    • Table 1: GCTs selected for analysis
    • Table 2: Definitions of the analysed GCTs
    • Table 3: Example applications of GCTs
    • Table 4: Estimated potential market size of analysed GCTs
    • Table 5: Overview of key factors influencing adoption of the analysed GCTs
    • Table 6: Potential job creation and job loss by sector and GCT
    • Table 7: Expected effects of analysed GCTs on skills use and skills development
    • Table 8: Expected effects of analysed GCTs on work organisation
    • Table 9: Expected effects of analysed GCTs on working time and work intensity
    • Table 10: Expected effects of the analysed GCTs on autonomy, flexibility and control
    • Table 11: Expected effects of analysed GCTs on workers’ health and safety

    Infographics

    The infographics accompanying this report deal with the implications for the services sector.

    Eurofound infographic on advanced robotics

    Eurofound infographic on autonomous transport devices

    Eurofound infographic on blockchain

    Eurofound infographic on virtual and augmented reality

    Eurofound infographic on wearable devices

     

     

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