Publications

Despite the well-known adverse effects of regular long working hours on workers’ health, well-being and performance, many workers in the EU continue to work beyond their normal hours. Part of this additional working time is classified as overtime. This report takes a comparative overview of how overtime is regulated in the EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom, including its definition, the limits on its use and the compensation received by workers for working extra hours.

One of the most striking developments of the last half-century has been the huge rise in female labour market participation in advanced economies. More than two out of every three net new jobs created over the last two decades in the EU have been taken up by women, who now account for 46% of the workforce in the EU27. In 2002, the comparable figure was less than 43% and in the early 1990s it was less than 40%. This is a reflection of growing opportunities for women as well as the consolidation of a broader trend towards dual earner households.

This paper provides a context for the questions to be explored within the Foundation Forum 2022. Europe is emerging from the COVID-19 crisis having managed to protect its economy in the face of a major shock and prevent mass unemployment. However, challenges remain. While the Member States up to now appear to have diverged only moderately, at most, on key economic and social indicators, it seems that the pandemic has widened many social inequalities. The mass shift to telework has raised questions over how the world of work will look in the future.

I de senere år har der været et generelt fald i antallet af faglige aktioner i EU's medlemsstater, dog afbrudt af stigninger i visse år. Under covid-19-pandemien er denne tendens fortsat, og de vigtigste arbejdskonflikter optræder ikke overraskende i sektoren for sundhed og sociale ydelser, uddannelsessektoren og transport- og logistiksektoren. Rapporten analyserer de data, som Eurofound indsamlede i 2018-2019 i forbindelse med pilotprojektet vedrørende databasen Industrial Action Monitor (IAM).

Rapporten redegør for covid-19-krisens konsekvenser for ældre borgeres livskvalitet, herunder for deres trivsel, økonomi, beskæftigelse og sociale inklusion. Den undersøger virkningerne på brugen af plejetjenester og ældres afhængighed af anden støtte. Rapporten præsenterer politiktiltag, der er blevet gennemført i EU's medlemsstater til støtte for ældre i alle ovennævnte dimensioner. Disse omfatter foranstaltninger til støtte for en selvstændig tilværelse og ordninger for ældres integration på arbejdsmarkedet eller for forebyggelse af arbejdsløshed.

The first overview of minimum wage setting for 2022 shows that, while some negotiations are still ongoing, virtually all EU Member States have increased their nominal statutory rates. Compared to last year, when most countries settled for cautious increases against a background of deep uncertainty caused by the pandemic, growth in statutory rates for 2022 was stronger, reflecting an easing of the situation. This was especially the case in central and eastern European countries, where some increases were in double digits. Nevertheless, inflation is back in the picture and should be monitored in the coming months to get an insight into how the increases in nominal minimum wage rates translate into actual changes in the purchasing power of minimum wage earners.

This programming document describes Eurofound’s planned work over the programming period 2021–2024. It sets out the policy and institutional context for the programme, outlines the multiannual programme for the four-year period and sets out the work programme for 2022. Eurofound’s priorities for 2021–2024 are shaped by the key challenges for social cohesion and just transitions in a changing environment in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis. The Agency focuses on issues where it can draw on its core expertise in the areas of working conditions, industrial relations, employment and living conditions, to support its stakeholders, by providing evidence that can assist their policy action.

The European Union Agencies Network on Scientific Advice (EU-ANSA) consists of technical and regulatory agencies that provide scientific advice to EU policymakers. This report demonstrates how EU-ANSA member Agencies are addressing the socioeconomic effects of sustainable development. It is based on two surveys conducted among the member Agencies. The survey results show that the most researched areas include the economy, employment, skills and training, gender inequalities, health and safety, social aspects, the role of regulation and social dialogue.

Opadgående konvergens er kernen i EU-projektet. Medlemsstaterne og deres borgere tilslutter sig Unionen i forventning om, at deres medlemskab vil føre til afbalanceret økonomisk velstand og sociale fremskridt på tværs af landene. De voksende forskelle mellem medlemsstaterne, der f.eks. opstod under den økonomiske krise i 2008-2013, kan ses som en krænkelse af EU's løfte og kan potentielt danne grundlag for utilfredshed og opløsning. Denne flagskibsrapport er kulminationen på Eurofounds forskning i overvågning af konvergens i EU, som blev indledt i 2017.

Den teknologiske udvikling tager til i fart som følge af de elektroniske enheders udvidede kapacitet til at lagre, behandle og formidle information digitalt. Digitaliseringen forvandler EU's økonomi og arbejdsmarkeder: Næsten en tredjedel af arbejdspladserne i EU kategoriseres som stærkt digitaliserede. Hvilke følgevirkninger har den digitale revolution for beskæftigelsen og arbejdet? Og hvordan kan den påvirke den sociale dialog?