Tackling undeclared work database

Undeclared work can be defined as work which is in itself legal but is not declared to the authorities for tax, social security and/or labour law purposes. Across the 28 Member States of the European Union, a great deal of effort is being invested into developing and testing policy measures that aim to tackle undeclared work.

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Reform of private geriatric nursing system, Austria

05 April 2009
  • Austria
For cost-saving reasons, many older people in Austria engage illegal foreign workers to provide private nursing care at home. In order to legalise this work and to make care services more affordable, the Austrian parliament passed new legislation in 2007. Thus, illegally operating care workers may now be employed under the terms of the Private Household Workers Act or be entitled to join the ranks of self-employed nurses. Due to a lack of accompanying evaluation to date, the effects of this initiative have largely remained unclear.
  • Type of measure:

Public subsidy for entrenprenurial business start-ups, Germany

05 April 2009
  • Germany
  In 2002, the government introduced a new public subsidy for business start-ups established by unemployed people, coined as the ‘Ich-AG scheme’. The aim of the initiative was twofold: firstly, it aimed to lower the unemployment rate; at the same time, policymakers hoped to encourage unemployed persons engaging in undeclared work to return to the formal economy. Between 2003 and 2006, over 400,000 unemployed persons were granted funds under the Ich-AG scheme. Moreover, over 70% of these new entrepreneurs were still in the market 28 months after founding their business.
  • Sectors

  • Type of measure:

    Deterrence: improve detection

Measures to turn undeclared work into regular employment, Slovenia

05 April 2009
  • Slovenia
With the aim of reducing the extent of undeclared work, the Slovenian government introduced measures to transform undeclared work into regular employment. These measures include personal supplementary work, short-term work and the so-called ‘small work’. While the latter measure has not been successfully implemented, the first two measures enable the persons performing such work to be move out of the category of undeclared workers.
  • Sectors

  • Type of measure:

Fair play campaign, Denmark

05 April 2009
  • Denmark
The Fair Play Campaign (Fairplay-kampagnen) launched in Denmark in 2004 is a mixture of controls and severe penalties, combined with raising awareness and changing behaviour through targeted campaigns. Employers are required to keep a log book of employees as well as a professional accountant if irregularities are detected. Another successful measure is advance warning of workplace inspections in particular regions and economic sectors.
  • Sectors

  • Type of measure:

Measures to increase employer communication, Italy

31 August 2008
  • Italy
  In January 2007, the 2007 Finance Act (legge finanziaria) introduced some changes in relation to employment provisions. Employers are now obliged to communicate the start of an employment relationship, as well as modifications to an employment contract and dismissals, to the competent authorities. The information collected will enable the government to monitor labour market developments and to evaluate public policies on labour. Indirectly, this new law will also help to fight undeclared work.  
  • Type of measure:

    Changing attitudes: commitment to tax morality, Prevention

National committee for the formalisation of irregular work, Italy

31 August 2008
  • Italy
  The National Committee for the Formalisation of Irregular Work was created in 1998. The main objectives of the initiative include: creating an institutional network between the central government and regional authorities, with the aim of gaining knowledge about the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the informal economy and proposing formalisation policies, encouraging commitment among workers and employers to be tax compliant, and fighting undeclared work.  
  • Type of measure:

    Changing attitudes: commitment to tax morality, Deterrence: improve detection, Prevention

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