Tackling undeclared work database

Undeclared work can be defined as work which is in itself legal but is not declared to the authorities for tax, social security and/or labour law purposes. Across the 28 Member States of the European Union, a great deal of effort is being invested into developing and testing policy measures that aim to tackle undeclared work.

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Coordinated inspection system, the Netherlands

02 June 2013
  • Netherlands
Undeclared work is an ongoing problem and a strongly debated issue in the Netherlands. In July 2012 an agricultural employer was sentenced to three years in jail for exploiting foreign workers. This case came to the light through the recent intensified inspections by the interventions teams from the SZW Inspectorate (formerly the Labour Inspectorate), which has become more focused in its checks. The teams concentrate their inspection work on sectors having a dubious reputation: agriculture, construction and cleaning.
  • Type of measure:

Awareness campaigns in agriculture and construction, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

02 June 2013
  • Macedonia
  The International Labour Organization (ILO) supported the government of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia in setting up and implementing awareness-raising campaigns. The aim of these campaigns was to increase awareness of negative aspects of undeclared work whilst pointing out the advantages of formalising within the agricultural and construction sectors. Attention was also given to decent working conditions.  
  • Type of measure:

    Changing attitudes: awareness raising

Electronic labour card, Greece

02 June 2013
  • Greece
One of the few legislative measures for tackling undeclared work in Greece is the establishment of a special electronic labour card. The pilot implementation of the innovative measure aims to provide incentives and counterincentives for the observance of the labour and social security legislation. The measure has not yet been implemented in practice, and it is expected it will have only a limited effect on preventing the rapid spread of undeclared work in the country.
  • Type of measure:

    Deterrence: improve detection

Mandatory cash registers for entrepreneurs, Poland

02 June 2013
  • Poland
  In 2010, the Polish Ministry of Finance introduced new regulations, to decrease the number of entrepreneurs exempt from registering sales electronically and hence widen the general use of electronic cash registers. While the instant response by taxpayers has not been overwhelming, the initiative is still considered a step in the right direction, as it increases the level of equality before law.  
  • Type of measure:

    Deterrence: improve detection

Simplified Employment Act, Hungary

02 June 2013
  • Hungary
  In 2010, the Hungarian government introduced the Simplified Employment Act (2010/LXXV) to facilitate seasonal and casual employment notifications, reports and payments. The regulations of the Act can be viewed, and are viewed at political level, to be an anticipatory measure to tackle undeclared work. Official data shows that those employers who normally notify the authorities anyway are the most likely to use the new system. However, it is still unclear whether it will regularise the Hungarian labour market.  
  • Type of measure:

    Legitimising undeclared work, Prevention

Tax and other measures to reduce the public deficit, Spain

02 June 2013
  • Spain
  On 30 March 2012, Royal Decree Law 12/2012 introduced various tax and administrative measures aimed at reducing the public deficit. The new law establishes highly relevant modifications in taxation. Of the new tax measures introduced, the most noteworthy are those made in the Corporate Income Tax Law, particularly in relation to the deductibility of financial expenses. There is also a very relevant measure allowing taxpayers, both individuals and entities, to regularise past defaults. The group of measures approved includes many significant initiatives.  
  • Type of measure:

    Deterrence: increase penalties, Prevention

Measures to prevent undeclared work by subcontractors, France

02 June 2013
  • France
  Prior to 2011, main contractors had to demand documentation from subcontractors demonstrating that they did not employ illegal workers and fulfilled their obligations to pay social security contributions. Under the new law, the subcontractors now have to provide a certificate, provided by social security bodies, to show they fulfil their legal obligations to their employees and pay social security contributions.  
  • Type of measure:

    Prevention

Awareness campaign for students, former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

02 June 2013
  • Macedonia
  The government of the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia has initiated a campaign to raise awareness among students of the negative aspects of working informally. The focus targeted vocational school students in the first instance, as they were seen as the most likely group to engage in undeclared work.  
  • Type of measure:

    Changing attitudes: awareness raising, Prevention

Inspection strategy in agriculture and construction, Italy

02 June 2013
  • Italy
  In 2010, the Italian Ministry of Labour launched a special inspection strategy to fight undeclared work in agriculture and construction in four southern Italian regions. The project aimed to introduce an integrated and targeted inspection system to improve the effectiveness of controls and increase detection rates.   Background On 28 January 2010, the Italian government launched a special inspection strategy in the agriculture and construction sectors in the regions of Calabria, Campania, Puglia and Sicily to fight undeclared work.
  • Type of measure:

    Deterrence: improve detection

Kindergarten Act, Slovenia

02 June 2013
  • Slovenia
  The Prevention of Illegal Work and Employment Act adopted in 2000 (and amended in 2006, 2010 and 2012) sets out to combat the extent of undeclared work with specific regulations. In 2008, the Kindergarten Act (Zakona o vrtcih, ZVrt) was amended. Aimed at reducing undeclared childcare work, it defined the status of guardian in relation to children at home and stipulates that childcare at home can be carried out by natural persons who have been registered at the Ministry of Education and who satisfy conditions in relation to education and impunity for crimes.  
  • Type of measure:

    Legitimising undeclared work, Prevention

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