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Anticipación y gestión del impacto del cambio

Anticipar y gestionar el impacto del cambio es una de las seis actividades principales en el programa de trabajo de Eurofound para el periodo 2021-2024. Eurofound proporcionará pruebas sobre evoluciones estructurales que afecten a la economía y los mercados laborales de la UE, impulsadas en gran medida por la digitalización y la transición hacia una economía neutra en emisiones de carbono , pero también por la crisis de la COVID-19. Esta investigación pretende ayudar a los responsables políticos a anticipar y preparar los mercados laborales europeos, así como los puestos de trabajo para estos cambios.

De 2021 en adelante, Eurofound permitirá entender el impacto de estas megatendencias en las condiciones de vida y de trabajo en la UE. En el área de digitalización, la investigación se centrará en el impacto en las condiciones de empleo y de trabajo, así como en el mercado laboral. Entre las áreas que se tratarán, se incluyen el diálogo social y su función en la transformación estructural, marcos reglamentarios, protección social e Inteligencia Artificial (IA). Basándose en investigaciones previas sobre el trabajo a través de plataformas, el periodo 2021-2024 permitirá centrarse en planificar y presentar una evaluación de la efectividad de las iniciativas políticas para hacer frente a los desafíos identificados con el trabajo a través de plataformas.

Eurofound también tratará de apoyar la transición de la UE hacia una economía neutra en emisiones de carbono, incluida la economía circular y la implementación del instrumento de recuperación de la UE, NextGenerationEU, mediante la investigación de los efectos socioeconómicos. Aquí se incluyen las transferencias de empleo y la transformación de trabajos y condiciones laborales, así como el impacto distributivo de las políticas en materia de cambio climático. Parte de este trabajo se basará en los resultados de un proyecto piloto sobre el futuro de la fabricación (FOME) realizado por Eurofound.

Para continuar con este trabajo en 2021-2024, Eurofound cooperará con varias organizaciones internacionales y agencias de la UE, por ejemplo, con la Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente (AEMA) en el área de impactos sociales de las políticas en materia de cambio climático. Asimismo, se consolidarán colaboraciones existentes con otros protagonistas de la investigación en el ámbito de la digitalización: el Centro Común de Investigación (CCI), la Agencia de los Derechos Fundamentales (FRA) y la Agencia Europea para la Seguridad y la Salud en el Trabajo (EU-OSHA). También se prevé una nueva asociación con la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) sobre los cambios en el mundo laboral.

 

«La economía y el mercado laboral de la UE se caracterizan por el impacto de las megatendencias, especialmente la digitalización y la transición hacia una economía neutra en emisiones carbono. Es importante analizar el funcionamiento exacto de estas transiciones, qué está cambiando y cómo afectará no solo a las empresas, sino también a la mano de obra y a la sociedad».

— Irene Mandl, Jefa de la Unidad de Empleo

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Mensajes políticos fundamentales

Infografía

Las principales conclusiones de la investigación de Eurofound servirán de ayuda a los responsables políticos para abordar algunas de las principales cuestiones en esta área.

  • Es fundamental ayudar a los empresarios y trabajadores en la doble transición hacia la era digital y hacia una economía neutra en emisiones de carbono. Además de estas evoluciones estructurales, la reciente pandemia de COVID-19 presenta un enorme reto para la economía y el mercado laboral de Europa.
  • Nuevas formas de empleo, como el trabajo a través de plataformas y el trabajo móvil basado en las TIC, tienen cada vez más peso en los mercados laborales europeos. Impulsados por el uso de las TIC, se caracterizan por nuevos tipos de relaciones laborales entre el empresario y el trabajador, transformando la organización y los modelos de trabajo. Presentarán nuevas oportunidades a la vez que riesgos para los mercados laborales de la UE que hacen frente a la transición hacia una economía neutra en emisiones de carbono y a una transformación digital en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19.
  • Las tecnologías digitales están transformando el trabajo y los puestos de trabajo, forzando cambios en el mercado laboral como la reestructuración y la pérdida de empleo, pero también están surgiendo nuevos perfiles laborales. Los perfiles de tareas laborales se están adaptando a causa de la digitalización de la producción y la prestación de servicios. El resultado es la demanda de competencias diferentes.
  • Será necesario investigar los efectos combinados de la digitalización y la transición hacia una economía neutra en emisiones de carbono en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 y cómo se refuerzan mutuamente, o cómo los beneficios de una compensan los efectos negativos de la otra.
  • El potencial impulsado por la tecnología para generar, recopilar y usar grandes cantidades de información puede mejorar la competitividad empresarial europea y la calidad del trabajo. No obstante, será esencial garantizar que cuestiones como la propiedad de datos y la protección de datos queden aclaradas, debidamente reguladas e implementadas para evitar la explotación y el comportamiento poco ético.

2021–2024 work plan

From 2021 onwards, Eurofound will provide insights into the impact of these megatrends on living and working conditions in the EU. In the area of digitalisation, research will focus on the impact on employment and working conditions, as well as on the labour market. Areas to be covered will include social dialogue and its role in shaping structural change, regulatory frameworks, social protection and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Building on previous research on platform work, the 2021–2024 period will be an opportunity to focus on mapping and providing an assessment of the effectiveness of policy initiatives in tackling the challenges identified with platform work.

Eurofound will also aim to support the EU’s transition to a carbon-neutral economy, including the circular economy and the implementation of the EU’s recovery instrument NextGenerationEU, by investigating the socioeconomic effects. These include employment shifts and the transformation of jobs and working conditions, as well as the distributional impact of climate change policies. Some of this work will build on the results of a pilot project on the future of manufacturing (FOME) carried out by Eurofound.

To continue this work in 2021–2024, Eurofound will cooperate with various international organisations and EU agencies, for example with the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the area of social impacts of climate change policies. Furthermore, existing collaboration with other research actors in the fields of digitalisation – the Joint Research Centre (JRC), Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) and European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) – will be consolidated. Further partnership with the International Labour Organization (ILO) is also foreseen on the subject of the changing world of work.

Addressing stakeholder priorities

Eurofound’s research aims to assist policy action to address the transitions to both a carbon-neutral economy and the digital age in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as helping to understand the impact of these changes at EU and national levels. For example, research on the impact of these drivers of change on the workplace level will provide insight into how to best support employers and workers so they can seize the opportunities and mitigate the challenges related to these developments. Eurofound’s research will also seek to support businesses in their efforts to adapt to a constantly evolving global economy. Furthermore, the examination of the distributional impacts of climate change policies and of measures to ensure social justice will provide knowledge to help implement the Just Transition Fund. The monitoring of reforms and recent financial support will also allow for an exchange of policy approaches and lessons learned.

The Agency’s work plan is aligned with the European Commission’s political guidelines for 2021–2024, feeding directly into a number of key policy areas aimed at creating a strong social Europe. In particular, the research will support the following Commission priorities:

 

Eurofound research

In 2024, Eurofound continues its research on the impact of digitalisation and the transition to a climate-neutral economy on working life. 

Various research strands linked with the digital and green transitions come to completion. This includes research into the impact of new developments in human–machine interaction on work organisation and working conditions. Research concludes on the impact of changes caused by the twin transitions at the sectoral level, focusing on the transformation of business activities, occupational and skill profiles, work organisation and working conditions. And analysis wraps up on the roles, opportunities and challenges of policy actors in the just transition, examining the design and implementation of Just Transition policies at the regional level, their mechanisms and the actors involved. 

Research continues on the impact of the green and digital transitions on the labour market and labour market actors with a project to explore company restructuring approaches and their ongoing adaptation strategies. Further research takes place on the socioeconomic impact of the transition to a carbon-neutral economy, monitoring the employment and social dimension of the green transition.

New research focuses on how managers’ roles and functions are impacted by the increase in telework and the shift towards more hybrid working in terms of challenges and opportunities.

The ongoing monitoring of the developments in the platform economy continues through Eurofound’s regularly updated web repository. Building on previous studies on platform work and the ongoing monitoring of policies and measures with regard to platform work through the web repository, new research focuses on the working conditions of online platform workers. This work aims to explore the characteristics of online platform workers and how they fare in relation to contractual arrangements and job quality, including pay, work intensity, working time, occupational health and safety, social environment and career prospects. It also explores the career goals of platform workers. 

Key outputs

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Eurofound's 2024 work programme is set in the context of the upcoming European elections, war in Ukraine, renewed Middle East conflict and rising cost of living across the EU.

23 Enero 2024
Publication
Work programme
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El año 2022 se inició con un optimismo prudente. Europa estaba saliendo de dos años de la pandemia de COVID-19, y NextGenerationEU estableció un plan para una recuperación que construya...

4 Mayo 2023
Publication
Annual report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Tina Weber is a research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Having previously shared her time between the Employment and Working Life units, her work has focused on labour...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (67)

This Eurofound research paper explores the decarbonisation of residential heating through the adoption of heat pumps, a key component in the EU’s strategy to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Heat pumps offer a highly efficient alternative to traditional heating systems, leveraging renewable energy

30 September 2024

Multistakeholder partnerships are essential to ensure that the green transition is not only environmentally sound and economically viable but also socially just. This policy brief investigates how relevant actors (national and regional authorities, the social partners and civil society organisations

02 September 2024

Interaction between workers and robots is expected to increase in modern workplaces due to rapid advancements in robotic technologies. This report explores the opportunities and challenges that come with closer human–robot interaction.

22 July 2024

In this report, we provide projections of how the Fit for 55 policy package may affect the sectoral and occupational structure of employment in the EU by 2030, and the impacts across different regions and countries.

25 October 2023

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023

El presente informe analiza la dinámica del rendimiento medioambiental de los Estados miembros de la UE y hasta qué punto se han reducido las disparidades en el rendimiento desde principios de los años 2000. El informe es fruto de la cooperación entre Eurofound y la Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente

03 August 2023

La transición de la UE a una economía climáticamente neutra requiere nada menos que una revolución industrial limpia. En este informe se analizan las posibles repercusiones socioeconómicas que tendrá este cambio fundamental para diferentes regiones y grupos de población europeos, siguiendo un

19 June 2023

The rise of the platform economy during the last decade is one of the main disrupting forces for European labour markets. While standard employment remains the norm, platforms are expanding their reach and diversifying into novel business models. In doing so, they are also attracting an increasing n

16 May 2023

El año 2022 se inició con un optimismo prudente. Europa estaba saliendo de dos años de la pandemia de COVID-19, y NextGenerationEU estableció un plan para una recuperación que construya un futuro fuerte y sostenible. Sin embargo, el ataque ruso a Ucrania a principios de año cambió radicalmente la

04 May 2023

El informe explora escenarios plausibles e imaginables en los que se examina cómo podrían haberse desarrollado el teletrabajo y el trabajo híbrido en la UE en 2035, y sus implicaciones para el mundo laboral. ¿Hasta qué punto están preparados los directivos y los trabajadores, las organizaciones

28 April 2023

Online resources results (49)

Human–robot interaction: What changes in the workplace?

Explore our digital report summary. Understanding how workers and robots interact and the implications for work organisation and working conditions is crucial for robots’ successful integration into the workplace.

Regulatory responses to algorithmic management in the EU

Since 2013, Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legislation has been documenting regulatory developments in the Member States of the European Union and Norway. The most recent update to the database captures new legislation concerning the use of algorithmic management in the employment

Climate change objectives and decarbonisation measures are vital for the future of Europe. But how will these objectives impact employment and the labour market? In this episode of the Eurofound Talks podcast series, Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Senior Research Manager John Hurley about new

22 Noviembre 2023
Image of a group of cyclists crossing at a street junction.

Facing up to the social realities of the green transition

The European Green Deal binds the European Union to becoming a climate-neutral territory by 2050. As part of this, the European Climate Law (June 2021) commits the EU to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% (compared with 1990 levels) by 2030. To achieve this, a fundamental transformati

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Coronavirus highlights sick pay void for platform workers

The coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak is starting to have a serious impact on the world economy. The consequences for platform workers are especially severe in light of forced work stoppages due to self-isolation and lack of sick pay in many cases. Recent media coverage shows that platform workers in

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Amazon’s expansion in Europe

The U.S. online retail giant Amazon is investing heavily in Europe, creating 11,580 jobs in 2018 alone. As Europe turns towards e-commerce, automation and digitalisation, Amazon will play a key role in reshaping the retail sector. But its impacts are unlikely to be confined to retail alone.

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Lloyds bank’s digital transformation

Lloyds Banking Group is investing £3 billion (€3.35 billion) in technology and staff to improve its digital services. As a result, the Group has announced that it is cutting over 6,000 existing positions while creating 8,000 new jobs oriented towards digital technologies. The move reflects the

Platform work and employment conditions Informal meeting of EU Employment and Social Policy Ministers (EPSCO), 19 July 2018, Vienna, Austria Presentation by Juan Menéndez-Valdés, Director, Eurofound

19 Julio 2018

Task profiles development in response to future job needs EMCO meeting, 22 March 2018, Sofia, Bulgaria Presentation by Martina Bisello, Research Officer, Eurofound

27 Marzo 2018

Blogs results (27)

Not only do we need appropriate policy measures to drive the shift to a carbon-neutral economy, we also need sound policy to ensure no one is left behind – we need to ensure a just transition.

2 Mayo 2024

‘Building back better’ is not just an empty slogan – we need the construction sector to help us achieve our climate targets. Eurofound research reveals that construction is where the Fit for 55 climate policy package will generate the most net new employment.

4 Diciembre 2023
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The platform economy is one of those moving targets, which, despite receiving increasing media and policy attention, has proven difficult to regulate. Given the heterogeneity of employment relationships, business models, types of platform work and cross-border issues, this is not surprising. Yet, in

27 Septiembre 2022
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Rising energy prices are putting more people under increased financial pressure and at greater risk of energy poverty. In this data story, we take a closer look at the data from the fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey to explore the extent of the issue and the threat of energy

3 Agosto 2022
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Telework has become a permanent feature of working life in Europe. While we’ve seen the benefits of more flexible ways of working – particularly during the pandemic – the problems that arise from an increasingly connected life are also becoming clearer. Unfortunately, legislation alone may not be en

13 Julio 2022
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The answer is yes – potentially. Assessing the environmental benefits of telework is a complex task, because any move to work from home involves a series of changes in individuals’ daily lives and activities, as well as company-level decisions, that may positively or negatively influence the level o

23 Junio 2022
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Whether it is couch surfing, baby-sitting, pizza delivery or getting Ikea furniture assembled by somebody who can do it better, platforms can mediate all kinds of voluntary or professional services. Platform work is at the heart of the ‘sharing economy’. But while this may sound like a new form of

31 Marzo 2022
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The advent of AI has far more consequences for how work is organised, performed and valued than any previous technological revolution. In order to make the most of this digital transformation we need inclusive and nuanced policy debates on its employment effects and how to future-proof policies: we

8 Diciembre 2021
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COVID-19 has shown that some things can hit us out of the blue. The pandemic sent a shockwave through businesses all over the world and has brought massive changes to work organisation, internal communication and day-to-day operations for many companies. Doubtless, the depth of the pandemic’s impact

21 Junio 2021
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On 9 May, the Conference on the Future of Europe will get underway. Floated well before the COVID-19 outbreak, its timing in the wake of the seismic shifts precipitated by the pandemic, and its implementation alongside the European Pillar of Social Rights Action Plan, means that the outcomes could b

4 Mayo 2021

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