
L’essor du télétravail: incidence sur les conditions de travail et la réglementation
Formats
Eurofound (2022), The rise in telework: Impact on working conditions and regulations, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
Eurofound est une agence tripartite de l’Union européenne qui fournit des informations dans le domaine des politiques sociales et liées au travail
Eurofound est une agence tripartite de l’Union européenne qui fournit des informations dans le domaine des politiques sociales et liées au travail
Le présent rapport expose les recherches d’Eurofound sur le télétravail pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 en 2020 et 2021. Il examine les changements dans l’incidence du télétravail, les conditions de travail des salariés travaillant à domicile et les modifications de la réglementation portant sur Read more
Le présent rapport expose les recherches d’Eurofound sur le télétravail pendant la pandémie de COVID-19 en 2020 et 2021. Il examine les changements dans l’incidence du télétravail, les conditions de travail des salariés travaillant à domicile et les modifications de la réglementation portant sur les questions liées à ce régime de travail. Les conclusions révèlent une escalade rapide du télétravail déclenchée par la pandémie: en 2021, deux salariés européens sur dix pratiquaient le télétravail, chiffre qui n’aurait très probablement pas été atteint avant 2027 si la pandémie n’avait pas eu lieu. La crise sanitaire a libéré le potentiel social et technologique de flexibilité en ce qui concerne le temps et le lieu de travail. Les effets du télétravail sur les conditions de travail étaient au départ difficiles à déterminer, car il était difficile de les dissocier des facteurs induits par la pandémie, tels que les confinements et les fermetures d’écoles. Toutefois, tant les effets positifs, tels que la contribution du télétravail à l’amélioration de l’équilibre entre vie professionnelle et vie privée, que les effets négatifs, tels que la réduction des interactions sociales et l’augmentation des heures supplémentaires prestées, sont devenus plus évidents. L’essor du télétravail et la prise de conscience de ses effets sur les conditions de travail ont entraîné un regain d’intérêt pour les cadres réglementaires, avec l’adoption de nouvelles réglementations en matière de télétravail dans plusieurs États membres de l’UE.
Read lessEurofound (2022), The rise in telework: Impact on working conditions and regulations, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
The report contains the following lists of tables and figures.
Table 1: Frequency working with ICT from home and statistical sources
Table 2: Share of teleworkable employment, 2020, EU27 (%)
Table 3: Telework categories based on the EWCTS 2021
Table 4: Share of employees with a poor work–life balance, by telework arrangement, gender and whether or not they have children, EU27 (%)
Table 5: Telework regulation clusters
Table 6: Changes in national regulations of telework
Table 7: Main topics addressed in telework legislative reforms
Table 8: Overview of national-level (cross-industry) collective agreements on telework
Figure 1: Share of employees working from home, 2008–2021, EU27 (%)
Figure 2: Simple projections of the share of employees working from home in a non-pandemic scenario, 2012–2035, EU27 (%)
Figure 3: Share of employees working from home, 2019–2021, EU27 (%)
Figure 4: Employees working from home by sex, 2021 (%) and 2019–2021 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 5: Employees working from home by sex and country, 2021, EU27 (%)
Figure 6: Employees working from home by age, 2021 (%) and 2019–2021 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 7: Employees working from home by size of business, 2020 (%) and 2019–2020 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 8: Share of employees working from home by country, 2019–2021, EU27 (%)
Figure 9: Share of employees working from home by settlement type, 2020 (%) and 2019–2020 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 10: Share of employees working from home by level of education, 2020 (%) and 2019–2020 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 11: Employees working from home by occupation, 2020 (%) and 2019–2020 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 12: Employees working from home by sector, 2020 (%) and 2019–2020 (percentage point change), EU27
Figure 13: Share of employees in teleworkable employment by sex and country, 2020, EU27 (%)
Figure 14: Average wage levels by degree of teleworkability and sex, 2018 (average wage levels in 2018 are equal to 100), EU27
Figure 15: Absolute change (thousands) in employment levels by occupations’ degree of teleworkability and sex, 2018–2019 (a) and 2019–2020 (b), EU27
Figure 16: Share of full-time employees working long (weekly) hours by telework arrangement, 2021, EU27 (%)
Figure 17: Share of full-time employees working overtime, working during their free time and working more than 40 hours per week by telework arrangement (%)
Figure 18: Share of employees in telework arrangements (full-time and partial telework) working overtime compared with the national average of all workers, 2021 (%)
Figure 19: Share of teleworking employees with a poor work–life balance compared with the national average of all workers, EU27 (%)
Figure 20: Share of employees with a poor work–life balance by gender and telework arrangement, EU27 (%)
Figure 21: Share of employees feeling too tired after work to do some of the household jobs that need to be done by telework arrangement, EU27 (%)
Figure 22: Share of employees finding it difficult to concentrate on their job because of family responsibilities, EU27 (%)
Figure 23: Share of employees reporting headaches and eyestrain by telework arrangement, EU27 (%)
Figure 24: Share of teleworkers experiencing anxiety, compared with teleworkers and the national average of all workers, 2020–2021 (%)
Figure 25: Employees’ well-being score (out of 100) by telework arrangement, 2021, EU27
Figure 26: Regulatory sources of telework in the EU countries
Figure 27: Number of sectors covered by sectoral agreements with telework provisions by selected Member States, 2021
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Il est possible que des recherches effectuées avant le retrait du Royaume-Uni de l’Union européenne le 31 janvier 2020 et publiées après cette date incluent des données relatives aux 28 États membres de l’UE. À compter de cette date, les recherches ne porteront, sauf indication contraire, que sur les 27 États membres de l’UE (UE-28 moins le Royaume-Uni)
Eurofound’s work on COVID-19 examines the far-reaching socioeconomic implications of the pandemic across Europe as they continue to impact living and working conditions. A key element of the research is the e-survey, launched in April 2020, with five rounds completed at different stages during 2020, 2021 and 2022. This is complemented by the inclusion of research into the ongoing effects of the pandemic in much of Eurofound’s other areas of work.
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