Industrial relations and social dialogue

Minimalne plaće u 2020.: godišnji pregled

Report
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13 studenog 2020
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4 lipnja 2020
pdf
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Executive summary
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Autor(i): 
Aumayr-Pintar, Christine; Rasche, Matthias

Osnovni pokazatelji

  • Brojne su zemlje 2019. vodile rasprave o dodatnom većem povećanju minimalnih plaća nakon 2020., neke u vezi s relativnom ciljnom vrijednošću, a druge u apsolutnom smislu.
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  • Brojne su zemlje 2019. vodile rasprave o dodatnom većem povećanju minimalnih plaća nakon 2020., neke u vezi s relativnom ciljnom vrijednošću, a druge u apsolutnom smislu.
  • Od početka tisućljeća zakonske su minimalne plaće postale pravednije u usporedbi s plaćama ostalih radnika (kada se zakonske minimalne plaće usporede s medijalnim plaćama svih radnika).
  • Unatoč tom uzlaznom trendu, minimalne plaće u većini zemalja i dalje iznose manje od 60 %, pa čak i manje od 50 % medijalnih plaća. To posebno vrijedi za središnje i istočne države članice, koje su početkom tisućljeća uvodile minimalne plaće s vrlo niskim relativnim razinama, a ciljne vrijednosti u njihovim propisima o minimalnim plaćama i dalje iznose oko 50 % ili manje.
  • Ukupno gledajući, sedmero od deset radnika koji primaju minimalnu plaću navodi da, barem u određenoj mjeri, teško spaja kraj s krajem, a kad je riječ o ostalim radnicima, to navodi manje od petero od deset radnika. Međutim, te se brojke znatno razlikuju među zemljama. Tako u Danskoj, Finskoj, Njemačkoj i Švedskoj manje od 10 % radnika koji primaju minimalnu plaću to uspijeva teško do vrlo teško, u usporedbi s između 50 % i 60 % takvih radnika u Bugarskoj, Hrvatskoj i Cipru te čak 80 % u Grčkoj.
  • Vlade u cijeloj Europi uvode mjere za stabilizaciju dohodaka za one pogođene krizom koju je prouzročila bolest COVID-19. Minimalne plaće mogu imati ulogu u kombinaciji politika čija je svrha stabilizacija dohodaka i potražnje radi sprječavanja pada u recesiju ili depresiju.
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Sažetak

U ovom su izvješću, objavljenom u okviru godišnje serije izdanja o minimalnim plaćama, ukratko predstavljene ključne promjene koje su tijekom 2019. i početkom 2020. obilježile inicijativu EU-a u pogledu pravednih plaća, smještajući u taj kontekst nacionalne rasprave o utvrđivanju njihovih iznosa Read more

U ovom su izvješću, objavljenom u okviru godišnje serije izdanja o minimalnim plaćama, ukratko predstavljene ključne promjene koje su tijekom 2019. i početkom 2020. obilježile inicijativu EU-a u pogledu pravednih plaća, smještajući u taj kontekst nacionalne rasprave o utvrđivanju njihovih iznosa za 2020. i nakon toga. Izvješće pokazuje kako su minimalne plaće utvrđene i koja je uloga socijalnih partnera. U njemu se analiziraju promjene u zakonskim minimalnim plaćama i navode podatci o iznosima minimalnih plaća u kolektivnim ugovorima za deset slabije plaćenih poslova u zemljama u kojima ne postoje zakonske minimalne plaće. Izvješće sadržava i odjeljak o minimalnim plaćama u regionalnoj perspektivi, a u njemu je predstavljeno posljednje istraživanje o učincima promjena u minimalnim plaćama na plaće općenito, zaposlenost, siromaštvo osoba unatoč zaposlenju, cijene i prihode.

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Oblici

  • Izvješće

    Last updated date: 
    23 lip 2020
    Broj stranica: 
    86
    Referentni broj: 
    EF20005
    ISBN: 
    978-92-897-2068-7
    Kataložni broj: 
    TJ-AS-20-001-EN-N
    DOI: 
    10.2806/999852
    Permalink: 
    eurofound.link/ef20005
    Catalogue info

    Minimalne plaće u 2020.: godišnji pregled

    Autor(i): 
    Aumayr-Pintar, Christine; Rasche, Matthias

    This report, as part of an annual series on minimum wages, summarises the key developments during 2019 and early 2020 around the EU initiative on fair wages and puts the national debates on setting the rates for 2020 and beyond in this context. The report features how minimum wages were set and the role of social partners. It discusses developments in statutory minimum wages and presents data on minimum wage rates in collective agreements related to 10 low-paid jobs for countries without statutory minimum wages.

    Topics: 
    Plaća i dohodak; Working poor; Working conditions; Collective bargaining; Agreements; Industrijski odnosi; Minimalna plaća; Uvjeti rada i održivi rad; Radni odnosi i socijalni dijalog

    Oblici

    Upućivanje na ovu publikaciju: 

    Eurofound (2020), Minimum wages in 2020: Annual review, Minimum wages in the EU series, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.

  • Executive summary

    Number of pages: 
    6
    Referentni broj: 
    EF20005EN1
    Catalogue info

    Minimum wages in 2020: Annual review

    Autor(i): 
    Eurofound

    During the year 2019 many countries were debating a further substantial increase to minimum wages beyond 2020, partially in relation to a relative target, partially in absolute terms. Some governments — such as Poland, Slovakia and Spain — have announced or are considering plans to elevate the statutory minimum wages to 60% of median or average wages. The United Kingdom reached this aim and intends to move beyond. Statutory minimum wages have become fairer as compared to other workers’ wages since the beginning of the millennium (when comparing statutory minimum wages to the median wages of all workers). In most countries, the level of the minimum wage as a proportion of the median wage (the ‘Kaitz index’) has grown between 2000 and 2018.

    Dostupno za preuzimanje na jednom jeziku

    Preuzimanje

  • Working papers

    Related working papers

  • Data

    Data

    Find data on statutory minimum wages in the EU.

    List of tables

    • Table 1: Social partners’ first reactions to the announced initiative on fair wages
    • Table 2: Overview of main arguments and proposals concerning an EU minimum wage initiative from social partners
    • Table 3: Gross minimum wages, selected EU Member States and the UK, 2019 and 2020
    • Table 4: Sub-minimum rates for selected EU Member States and the UK as at 1 January 2020
    • Table 5: Further statutory minimum wage rates for private sector workers in selected EU Member States
    • Table 6: Number of collective agreements covering low-paying job categories for countries without statutory minimum wages
    • Table 7: Minimum wages in collective agreements, applicable in 2019 for selected low-paid jobs
    • Table 8: Collective agreement coverage in Finland
    • Table 9: Overview of debates during 2019 on aspects of the minimum wage setting processes
    • Table 10: Demands for and agreements on targets for future minimum wages to address adequacy in selected EU Member States and the UK
    • Table 11: Regional statutory minimum wage rates
    • Table 12: Latest minimum wage research in EU Member States and the UK
    • Table 13: Overview of recent empirical research in the EU, Norway and the UK on employment impacts of minimum wage increases, 2019
    • Table 14: Policies influencing in-work poverty
    • Table A1: Network of Eurofound Correspondents – Members participating in the research

    List of figures

    • Figure 1: Conceptualising adequate minimum wages
    • Figure 2: Estimated share of employees earning 90% to 110% of the minimum wage, EU Member States, 2017
    • Figure 3: Proportions of female and male employees, EU level, 2017
    • Figure 4: Proportion of minimum wage workers per sector, EU level, 2017
    • Figure 5: Proportion of minimum wage workers per occupation (top 10), EU level, 2017
    • Figure 6: Hourly minimum wages, selected EU Member States, 2020
    • Figure 7: Minimum wage developments in real terms, 15 euro area countries, 2015 price levels
    • Figure 8: Minimum wage developments in real terms, non-euro area, 2015 price levels
    • Figure 9: Impact of purchasing power on the minimum wage value for selected EU Member States and the UK, as at 1 January 2020
    • Figure 10: Relative distance between purchasing power of lowest and median minimum wage EU Member States and the UK and highest minimum wage EU Member States and the UK, 2010–2020
    • Figure 11: Process for determining minimum wage rates for 2020
    • Figure 12: Number of minimum wage rate updates, EU Member States with statutory minimum wages and the UK, since 2010
    • Figure 13: Longer-term trend of development of statutory minimum wages relative to median wages of full-time employed workers, selected countries within the EU and the UK, 2000–2018
    • Figure 14: Proportion of minimum wage workers who find it difficult to make ends meet, EU average
    • Figure 15: Proportion of minimum wage workers who find it difficult to make ends meet
    • Figure 16: Making ends meet and minimum wages in relative and absolute terms
    • Figure 17: Monthly minimum wage as a proportion of the mean value of average monthly earnings by NUTS1 region, reference year 2016
    • Figure 18: Regional variation of relative monthly minimum wages, by NUTS1 region, 2016
    • Figure 19: Examples of countries with higher interregional differences in the proportion of minimum wage workers

     

Istraživanja provedena prije datuma povlačenja Ujedinjene Kraljevine iz Europske unije, odnosno prije 31. siječnja 2020., i naknadno objavljena mogu sadržavati podatke koji se odnose na 28 država članica EU-a. Nakon tog datuma istraživanja obuhvaćaju samo 27 država članica EU-a (tj. EU28 bez UK-a) ako nije drugačije navedeno.

Istraživanje čiji su rezultati predstavljeni u ovom izvješću provedeno je prije nego što je u Europi u veljači 2020. izbila epidemija bolesti COVID-19. Zbog toga u tim rezultatima nije uzeta u obzir situacija tijekom epidemije.

Part of the series

  • Minimum wages in the EU

    This series reports on developments in minimum wage rates across the EU, including how they are set and how they have developed over time in nominal and real terms. The series explores where there are statutory minimum wages or collectively agreed minimum wages in the Member States, as well as minimum wage coverage rates by gender.  

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