EMCC European Monitoring Centre on Change

Restructuring related legislation

Eurofound’s ERM database on restructuring related legal regulations provides information on regulations in the Member States of the European Union and Norway which are explicitly or implicitly linked to anticipating and managing change. The database covers statutory rules, only, and does not include collective agreements or company-level initiatives. The regulations are described in terms of their content, thresholds, involved actors and who covers the cost (if applicable). The aim is to provide an easy possibility of a cross-national comparison of the main features of restructuring related legislation.

Eurofound aims to keep this information up to date and accurate. If errors are brought to our attention, we will try to correct them. However, Eurofound accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the information in this database. This information is:

  • of a general nature only and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual or entity; not necessarily comprehensive, complete, accurate or up to date;
  • sometimes linked to external sites over which Eurofound services have no control and for which Eurofound assumes no responsibility;
  • not professional or legal advice (if specific advice is needed, a suitably qualified professional should be consulted).

Research carried out prior to the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union on 31 January 2020, and published subsequently, may include data relating to the 28 EU Member States. Following this date, research only takes into account the 27 EU Member States (EU28 minus the UK), unless specified otherwise.

498 items found

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  • CountryEU 27 + UK and Norway
  • Titlethe title is made up of the country name and type, for example: Austria: working time flexibility
  • PhaseEither anticipation or management
    • Anticipationrefers to activities that help to prepare workers or companies for change.
    • Managementcovers activities required to handle a current restructuring event while minimising social costs. It refers to the steps involved in implementing an organisational change process.
  • Typethe range includes, for example, provisions for collective dismissal, information/consultation obligations, notice periods and severance payments, training obligations for employers and employees and regulations concerning working time flexibility
  • Choose bywhether the regulation is obligatory in all circumstances or only for companies over a certain size or cases affecting a certain number of workers
  • Cost covered by
    • no specific additional costs are involved
    • costs covered by national or regional governments
    • cost covered by companies in general or the specific employer undergoing restructuring
    • cost covered by employees
  • Involved actorsincluding regional or local government, works councils, employers’ organisations, trade union or public employment services. The national government, as legislator, is assumed to be involved in all regulations so is not included as a filter option.
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Tittel Country Type Virkelig navnsorter i synkende rekkefølge Engelsk navn
Finland: Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Finland Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Laki yhteistoiminnasta yrityksissä (334/2007), Laki yhteistoiminnasta suomalaisissa ja yhteisönlaajuisissa yritysryhmissä (335/2007), Laki yhteistoiminnasta valtion virastossa ja laitoksissa (1233/2013), Laki työnantajan ja henkilöstön välisestä yhteistoiminnasta kunnissa (449/2007) Act on Cooperation within Undertakings (334/2007), Act on Cooperation within […] Groups of Undertakings (335/2007), Act on Cooperation within Government Agencies and Institutions (1233/2013), Act on Cooperation […] within Municipalities (449/2007)
Finland: Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Finland Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Laki yhteistoiminnasta yrityksissä (334/2007), Laki yhteistoiminnasta suomalaisissa ja yhteisönlaajuisissa yritysryhmissä (335/2007), Laki yhteistoiminnasta valtion virastossa ja laitoksissa (1233/2013), Laki […] yhteistoiminnasta kunnissa (449/2007) Act on Cooperation within Undertakings (334/2007), Act on Cooperation within […] Groups of Undertakings (335/2007), Act on Cooperation within Government Agencies and Institutions (1233/2013), Act on Cooperation […] within Municipalities (449/2007)
Finland: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Finland Employment protection in relation to business transfers Laki yhteistoiminnasta yrityksissä (334/2007), Työsopimuslaki (55/2001), Työehtosopimuslaki (436/1946) Act on Co-operation within Undertakings (334/2007), Employment Contracts Act (55/2001), Collective Agreements Act (436/1946)
Romania: Employers’ obligation to improve energy efficiency Romania Employers’ obligation to improve energy efficiency Legea nr. 121 din 18 iulie 2014 privind eficienta energetica Law on energy efficiency no 121/18 July 2014
Romania: Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Romania Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Legea nr. 200/2006 privind constituirea şi utilizarea Fondului de garantare pentru plata creanţelor salariale; Legea nr. 227/2015 - Codul fiscal Law no. 200/2006 regarding the establishment and use of a guarantee fund for debt salaries; Law no. 227/2015 - Fiscal Code
Romania: Staff information and consultation on business transfers Romania Staff information and consultation on business transfers Legea nr. 67/2006 privind protectia drepturilor salariatilor in cazul transferului intreprinderii, al unitatii sau al unor parti ale acestora, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, nr. 276 din 28 martie 2006 Law no. 67/2006 regarding the transfer of undertakings, businesses, or parts of undertakings or businesses, published in the Official Gazette of Romania, no. 276 of 28 March 2006
Romania: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Romania Employment protection in relation to business transfers Legea nr. 67/2006 privind protectia drepturilor salariatilor in cazul transferului intreprinderii, al unitatii sau al unor parti ale acestora, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, nr. 276 din 28 martie 2006 Law no. 67/2006 regarding the transfer of undertakings, businesses, or parts of undertakings or businesses, published in the Official Gazette of Romania, no. 276 of 28 March 2006
Romania: Redundant employees entitlement to public support Romania Redundant employees entitlement to public support Legea nr. 76/2002 privind sistemul asigurărilor pentru şomaj şi stimularea ocupării forţei de muncă; Ordonanta de Urgenta a Guvernului nr. 36/2013 privind aplicarea în perioada 2013-2018 a unor măsuri de protecţie socială acordată persoanelor disponibilizate prin concedieri colective efectuate în baza planurilor de disponibilizare aprobata cu completari prin Legea nr. 259/2013, modificata in 2015 si 2016 Law no. 76/2002 on the unemployment insurance system and the stimulation of employment; Government Emergency Ordinance no. 36/2013 on the implementation in 2013-2018 of social protection measures to people affected by redundancies made under redundancy plans, approved and modified by Law no. 259/2013, modified in 2015 and 2016
Romania: Rescue procedures in insolvency Romania Rescue procedures in insolvency Legea nr. 85/2014 privind procedurile de prevenire a insolvenţei şi de insolvenţă, publicată în Monitorul oficial al României nr. 466 din 25 iunie 2014 Law no. 85/2014 on insolvency and insolvency prevention procedures, published in the Romanian Official Gazette no. 466 of 25 June 2014
Italy: Reemployment obligation after restructuring Italy Reemployment obligation after restructuring Legge 29 aprile 1949, n. 264, Provvedimenti in materia di avviamento al lavoro e di assistenza dei lavoratori involontariamente disoccupati Law 29 April 1949, no. 264, Provisions concerning access to work and support to involuntarily unemployed people
Italy: Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Italy Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions
Italy: Employers obligation to support redundant employees Italy Employers obligation to support redundant employees Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions
Italy: Selection of employees for (collective) dismissals Italy Selection of employees for (collective) dismissals Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Decreto Legislativo 14 Settembre 2015, n. 148; Decreto Legislativo 12 gennaio 2019, n. 14 Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Legislative decree 14 September 2015, No. 148; Legislative decree 12 January 2019, No.14
Italy: Definition of collective dismissal Italy Definition of collective dismissal Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Decreto Legislativo 8 aprile 1004, n. 110, Modifiche ed integrazioni alla legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, in materia di licenziamenti collettivi; Decreto legislativo n. 149 14/09/2015 Disposizioni per la razionalizzazione e la semplificazione dell'attività ispettiva in materia di lavoro e legislazione sociale, in attuazione della legge 10 dicembre 2014, n. 183; Decreto Legislativo n. 61 del 18 maggio 2018 (Marittimi) Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Legislative Decree 8 April 2004, no. 110, Modification and integrations to Law 23 July 1993, no. 223, concerning collective dismissals; Legislative Decree n. 149 14/09/2015 Provisions for the rationalisation and simplification of inspection work and social legislation, in implementation of the law of 10 December 2014, n. 183; Legislative Decree no.61 of 18 May 2018 (seafarers)
Italy: Effects of non-compliance with dismissal regulations Italy Effects of non-compliance with dismissal regulations Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Legge 28 giugno 2012, n. 92, Disposizioni in materia di riforma del mercato del lavoro in una prospettiva di crescita; Decreto Legislativo 4 marzo 2015, n. 23. Disposizioni in materia di contratto di lavoro a tempo indeterminato a tutele crescenti; Decreto legge 12 luglio 2018, n. 87, Disposizioni urgenti per la dignita' dei lavoratori e delle imprese Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Law of 28 June 2012, n. 92, Provisions on labor market reform with a view to growth; Legislative Decree 4 March 2015, no. 23. Provisions on the open-ended employment contract with growing protections; Decree Law 12 July 2018, n. 87, Urgent provisions for the dignity of workers and businesses
Italy: Obligation to consider alternatives to collective dismissals Italy Obligation to consider alternatives to collective dismissals Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Legge 28 giugno 2012, n. 92, Disposizioni in materia di riforma del mercato del lavoro in una prospettiva di crescita Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Law of 28 June 2012, n. 92, Provisions on labor market reform with a view to growth
Italy: Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Italy Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Legge 29 dicembre 1990, n. 428, Disposizioni per l'adempimento di obblighi derivanti dall'appartenenza dell'Italia alle Comunità europee; Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Decreto Legislativo 6 febbraio 2007, n. 25, Attuazione della direttiva 2002/14/CE che istituisce un quadro generale relativo all’informazione e alla consultazione dei lavoratori Law 29 December 1990, n. 428, Provisions for the fulfillment of obligations deriving from Italy's membership of the European Communities; Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Legislative Decree 6 February 2007, no. 25, Implementation of European Directive 2002/14/EC which sets up a general framework for workers’ information and consultation
Italy: Staff information and consultation on business transfers Italy Staff information and consultation on business transfers Legge 29 dicembre 1990, n. 428, Disposizioni per l’adempimento di obblighi derivanti dall’appartenenza dell’Italia alle Comunità europee Law 29 December 1990, no. 428, Provisions for the fulfillment of obligations deriving from Italy’s membership of the European Communities
Italy: Severance pay/redundancy compensation Italy Severance pay/redundancy compensation Legge 29 maggio 1982, n. 297, Disciplina del trattamento di fine rapporto e norme in materia pensionistica; Legge 23 agosto 2004, n. 243 Norme in materia pensionistica e deleghe al Governo nel settore della previdenza pubblica, per il sostegno alla previdenza complementare e all'occupazione stabile e per il riordino degli enti di previdenza ed assistenza obbligatoria; Legge 27 dicembre 2006, n. 296 Disposizioni per la formazione del bilancio annuale e pluriennale dello Stato (legge finanziaria 2007); Legge 4 agosto 2017, n. 124, Legge annuale per il mercato e la concorrenza Law 29 May 1982, no. 297, Regulation on severance pay and rules governing pensions; Law of 23 August 2004, n. 243 Pension regulations and government mandates in the public pension sector, to support supplementary pensions and stable employment and for the reorganisation of social security and mandatory assistance; Law of 27 December 2006, n. 296 Provisions for the formation of the annual and multi-year state budget (2007 financial law); Law no. 124/2017, Annual law for the market and competition
Malta: Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Malta Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Leġislazzjoni Sussidjarja 452.80 - Regolamenti dwar Sensji Kollettivi (Harsien ta’ l-Impjiegi) (Avviż Legali 428 of 2002, kif emendat bl-Avviżi Legali 427 u 442 tal-2004 u 281 tal-2017); L-Att Dwar l-Impjieg u Relazzjonijiet Industrijali, 2002 - Artikli 36 u 81 Subsidiary Legislation 452.80 - Collective Redundancies (Protection of Employment) Regulations (Legal Notice 428 of 2002, as amended by Legal Notices 427 and 442 of 2004, and L.N. 281 of 2017); Employment and Industrial Relations Act, 2002 - Articles 36 and 81

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