- Observatory: EurWORK
- Topic:
- Representativeness,
- Social partners,
- Dialogul social,
- Collective bargaining,
- Relațiile de muncă,
- Date of Publication: 18 Martie 2014
About
This study aims to provide an overview of European social partners at the cross-industry level. In common with all the studies in the representativeness study series, it adopts both a bottom-up and a top-down approach. It therefore includes all social partner organisations which are involved in cross-industry industrial relations within each country, including those engaged in collective bargaining, as well as those which take part in consultations on economic and social policies. At the same time, it covers all member organisations of the relevant EU-level social partner organisations which are currently involved in EU cross-industry social dialogue. These include, BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME and CEEP on the employer side and ETUC, EUROCADRES and CEC on the employee side. In terms of countries, the study covers all 28 EU Member States.
The study was compiled on the basis of individual national reports submitted by the EIRO correspondents. The text of each of these national reports is available below. The national reports were drawn up in response to a questionnaire and should be read in conjunction with it.
Download the full report (3660KB PDF)
See also the executive summary
National contributions may be available
The aim of this EIRO representativeness study is to identify the relevant cross-industry national and European actors in the field of cross-industry industrial relations. The impetus of the series of representativeness studies arises from the goal of the European Commission to find, recognise and assess the representative European associations to be consulted under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Hence, this study is devised to provide basic information needed to support European social dialogue at cross-industry level. The scope of the study in terms of activities is the entire national economy, including both private and public sectors. The scope of the study in terms of actors is all cross-industry national and European associations on the two sides of industry. Representativeness studies have to address two main tasks. The first one is to identify the relevant national associations on both sides of industry. The second one is to analyse the relevant European associations of the two sides of industry. For this purpose, a combined approach is used for screening the relevant interest associations. Since this study aims to investigate the representativeness of the social partners, the collection of quantitative data is essential. Needless to say, it is often difficult to find quantitative data on such issues as membership or collective bargaining coverage. If precise data are not available, estimates may be used which have been collected through the network of EIRO national centres. In many cases, where no official source is present, membership data and density rates are self-reported by the relevant national level organisations included in the study. In the case of cross-industry industrial relations, there are only two conceivable patterns of representational domains of trade union confederations and employers’ associations with regard to the entire national economy: If this distinction is valid in theory, it must be said that, when considering the whole economy, all representational domains tend to be sectional in practice for employers’ associations, since the private and the public sectors usually remain separate with distinct actors on the employer side. Such separation is linked notably to the peculiarities which often characterise employment within public administrations. The function and representation of public employers can be taken up directly by political authorities, special agencies or associations. This is also true if public employees are covered by collective bargaining rather than legislative provisions introduced unilaterally by the political authorities, as in the traditional model of public service organisations. As a consequence, the two patterns of representational domains are of little relevance for employers’ associations in the context of the present study. It should be stressed, however, that the separation of the representation structures for public and private sectors involves essentially public administrations. It does not involve publicly owned enterprises or semi-state enterprises which operate in commercial or liberalised activities (as is often the case for many ‘general interest’ services) which may indeed be members of private sector employers’ associations. Due to this situation, the comprehensiveness of the representational domains of employers’ associations – which remains an important dimension – will be measured in the present study by contrasting domains which encompass the whole of either the private or the public sector, as opposed to those which comprise only part of them. Conversely, the distinction between ‘congruence’ and ‘sectionalism’ maintains its relevance for trade union organisations, many of which bring together unions active in both the private and the public sectors. As a consequence, in the case of trade unions, ‘congruent’ all-encompassing domains will be distinguished from ‘sectional’ ones; in the case of employers’ associations, the distinction will be between ‘encompassing’ and ‘sectional’ domains. Encompassing domains cover the whole of either the private sector or the public sector, and the sectional domains refer to sections of these two broad sectors. For representativeness studies, a European association is a relevant cross-industry interest organisation if: A national association is a relevant cross-industry national interest organisation if it meets the following criteria: In general, such associations will also be peak-level organisations and thus formally independent, in that they are not subordinate members of another organisation at national level. There may be cases where a plurality of social partner organisations participate in cross-industry industrial relations and are actually cross-industry associations, according to the two criteria illustrated above. In these cases, to provide an accurate picture of the national representational landscape, even organisations which are members of higher-level associations will be included. This happens, for instance, for the employers’ organisations in Romania which actively participate in cross-industry tripartite consultations and are members of the Alliance of Romanian Employers’ Confederations (ACPR). If inclusion in the study was limited to peak-level organisations, only the ACPR would have been mentioned in the present study. It should be clear that ‘national’ relevant interest associations do not need to cover the entire national territory. There might in fact exist national peak associations which organise only some parts of the national territory, such as particular regions or territories, as in the case of the Basque trade union ELA-STV or the Belgian non-profit sector employers’ association UNIPSO which organises members in Wallonia and in the French- and German-speaking communities. Similarly, cross-industry collective bargaining/employment regulation need not cover the whole national territory and may concern only certain regions or territories. In this study, ‘collective employment regulation’ refers to the situation whereby trade union confederations, when formally excluded from the right to collective bargaining in a genuine sense in certain areas of the economy (mostly public administration or part of it), may nevertheless exert a significant influence over the regulation of employment terms through a recurrent practice of either de facto negotiations or consultations. In practice, this study subsumes genuine collective bargaining, de facto negotiations and consultations under collective employment regulation. Any national peak-level or cross-industry trade unions and employers’ associations involved in cross-industry collective employment regulation are thus part of this study. The national level analysis of interest representation will focus on: The membership and relative strength of the various organisations covered by this study will be identified according to the following indicators, which were collected through the EIRO network of correspondents: Type of organisation Membership Density Trade union Number of active members in employment Density: Number of active members in employment divided by total employment Employers’ organisation Number of member enterprises Number of employees working in member enterprises Associational density (enterprises): number of member enterprises divided by the total number of enterprises in the economy Associational density (employees): number of employees working in member enterprises divided by the total number of employees in the economy This study will concentrate on membership figures in order to provide indications of the relative representativeness of the various organisations included in the study. Density figures of individual organisations are presented in the national reports, when available. Social dialogue is a key element in the action of the European Union in the fields of social policy and industrial relations, as the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) provides that ‘The Union recognises and promotes the role of the social partners’ and it ‘shall facilitate dialogue between the social partners, respecting their autonomy’ (Article 152). In particular, Articles 154 and 155 TFEU introduce a procedure which establishes the involvement of ‘management and labour’ organised at European level in the process of devising new pieces of European legislation. Article 154(2) indicates that ‘before submitting proposals in the social policy field, the Commission shall consult management and labour on the possible direction of Union action’. Following such consultation, the Commission decides whether further action is advisable and, if so, it consults with management and labour on the specific content of the proposal. On their side, European-level representatives of management and labour shall submit to the Commission an opinion or a recommendation concerning the content of the proposal. Alternatively, the social partners ‘may inform the Commission of their wish to initiate the process provided for in Article 155’: that is, they may enter into contractual relations and conclude an agreement on the content of the proposal. Should dialogue between the representatives of management and labour at European-level lead to an agreement, they can opt for implementation ‘either in accordance with the procedures and practices specific to management and labour and the Member States or, in matters covered by Article 153, at the joint request of the signatory parties, by a Council decision on a proposal from the Commission’. If the social partners do not reach an agreement, the Commission maintains the possibility to carry on the initiative through the ordinary legislative procedure. Article 155 also recognises the joint actions of the European social partners independently of the initiative of the Commission, so that they can develop bipartite autonomous social dialogue and conclude agreements. Due to the importance that social dialogue can play at European level, as illustrated above, the issue of the identification of the relevant social partner organisations which shall be consulted and may act autonomously according to Articles 154 and 155, at both cross-industry and sectoral levels, is crucial. The European Commission has addressed this issue, notably in its Communication concerning the application of the Agreement on Social Policy (1.1 MB PDF) (COM (93) 600 final, Brussels, 14 December 1993) which identifies a set of criteria to assess the representativeness of social partner organisations. In particular, organisations should: The Commission maintains and regularly updates a List of European social partners’ organisations consulted under Article 154 TFEU (169 KB PDF) which comply with these criteria. The latest version of this list, dated November 2013, includes 88 organisations which are divided into five groups: The present representativeness study covers social partners involved in European social dialogue at cross-industry level. According to the list presented above, the cross-industry bipartite European social dialogue takes place between the ‘general cross-industry organisations’ (CEEP, ETUC, BUSINESSEUROPE) and the ‘cross-industry organisations representing certain categories of workers or undertakings’ (EUROCADRES, UEAPME, CEC). In particular, EUROCADRES and CEC ‘participate in this dialogue as part of the ETUC delegation’ (see the European Commission’s web page on cross-industry social dialogue) and UEAPME is integrated in the cross-industry bipartite European social dialogue as a result of a cooperation agreement with BUSINESSEUROPE. These six organisations are the relevant EU-level social partners who have been considered in the ‘top-down screening’. BUSINESSEUROPE organises national cross-industry employer confederations and represents companies of all sizes – small, medium and large (source: BUSINESSEUROPE website). Members include both employer and business associations. CEEP (European Centre of Employers and Enterprises providing Public services) organises and represents both associations and enterprises and notably ‘enterprises and employers’ organisations with public participation and enterprises carrying out activities of general economic interest, whatever their legal ownership or status’ (CEEP website). CEEP is organised in national sections, which cover both associations and enterprises (see Annex Table H1 for the complete list of members). CEEP also has a number of European associations among its members. Since the representativeness studies take into consideration only associations and not individual enterprises, this overview includes only CEEP’s member employers’ associations at national level. Member enterprises, which are often quite important national employers, have been excluded, since they do not usually participate in cross-industry industrial relations, which is the focus of the present analysis. However, if some of the member enterprises participate in national-level cross-industry industrial relations (either in collective bargaining or in consultations), this will be noted in the text and/or in the appropriate tables. UEAPME (the European Association of Craft, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises) organises ‘national, cross-sectoral organisations representing craft activities and/or SME businesses in the different sectors of the economy within the European Union’ (UEAPME website). UEAPME includes a number of European sectoral organisations among its associated members. The members of the ETUC (European Trade Union Confederation) include national trade union confederations, which will be considered in this representativeness study, as well as European trade union federations. ETUC represent workers in all sectors of the economy (source: ETUC website). EUROCADRES (Council of European Professional and Managerial staff) represents ‘employees holding professional or managerial positions […] in all sectors of business, in industry as well as in the civil and public services’ (EUROCADRES website); it is a cross-industry social partner and is affiliated with ETUC. This means that a significant overlap between the two organisations should be expected. This is rather uncommon since, usually, organisations covered by representativeness studies tend to be alternatives in the respective representational domain and it is difficult to find multiple affiliations. Indeed, the formal members of EUROCADRES are mostly national confederations. Only a small number of sectoral member organisations are affiliated to the European industry federations, which are members of EUROCADRES rather than to ETUC. However, this second type of trade union is not covered by this study since they are not cross-industry organisations. As a consequence, within the remit of this study, EUROCADRES shares the same members as ETUC. The only exceptions are those national confederations which are not active within EUROCADRES since they do not organise professional and managerial workers. Among its active members, EUROCADRES includes a number of national federations of professional and managerial workers which cannot be considered in this report because they are not party to cross-industry industrial relations. However, a list of these federations is provided in the Annex (Table G1). To give some indication of the number of professional and managerial staff represented by the members of EUROCADRES, the same table includes membership data for professional and managerial staff provided by affiliated organisations for the 2013 Congress of EUROCADRES. CEC (European Confederation of Managers) is made up of national and European sectoral federations and represents managers (source: CEC website). As mentioned in the explanation of the methodology of this representativeness study, in the top-down approach we are considering members and affiliated associations in the 28 Member States of the European Union only. Therefore all figures and tables included in the study exclusively refer to EU28 countries. Since all the six relevant EU-level organisations included in this study have members outside the European Union, it should be clear that we are focusing on a particular section of their membership. There are two other reasons for considering only part of the membership and affiliated association of the relevant EU-level organisations. First, for the purpose of this representativeness study, only national associations are covered and sectoral organisations remain outside the scope of the analysis, although they are present in the cases of CEEP, UEAPME, CEC, ETUC and EUROCADRES. Secondly, the study focuses on employers’ associations and peak level organisations of labour and management and therefore excludes individual enterprises (as already explained for CEEP) and other kinds of affiliated organisations, such as interest associations with no role in industrial relations. This refers, for instance, to the German BDI, which is a member of BUSINESSEUROPE, but it is not active in industrial relations. Complete membership details for the six relevant EU-level social partner organisations considered in the ‘top-down screening’ can be found on their individual websites, at the links indicated above. Finally, a couple of remarks should be stated at this point. First, in the bottom-up approach, where a plurality of social partner organisations participate in cross-industry industrial relations, cross-sector organisations that are members of higher-level associations will be included in order to provide an accurate picture of the national representational landscape. Secondly, since EU-level associations can also organise or be affiliated to European sectoral federations (as in the cases of CEEP, UEAPME, CEC, EUROCADRES and ETUC), when national associations are members of both the European cross-industry organisations and European sectoral federations, only the former will be considered in the summary tables included in the main text. However, the complete list of affiliations will appear in the detailed tables in the Annex. If national organisations are only members of the European sectoral federations affiliated to the cross-industry associations, membership will be considered as ‘indirect’ and this will be indicated in the summary tables included in the main text. European social dialogue at cross-industry level takes place within the Social Dialogue Committee. Established in 1992, the committee: The social dialogue texts database maintained by the European Commission contains more than 70 texts produced by cross-industry dialogue. Among the intersectoral agreements, which were either transposed through directives or through the autonomous route, a few specific examples can be mentioned: In the bottom-up approach, it is important to consider which national organisations take part in cross-industry industrial relations within each country covered by this study. In fact, as indicated in the previous section, the representativeness of European-level organisations will depend on the fact that they ‘consist of organisations which are themselves an integral and recognised part of Member State social partner structures and with the capacity to negotiate agreements’. As a consequence, the higher the number of national organisations engaged in national cross-industry industrial relations that are members of EU-level social partners, the higher will be the representativeness of those social partners. Industrial relations at cross-industry level essentially involves two types of relationship between the social partners and the political authorities, as it is possible to distinguish between contractual relations and agreements on the one hand, and consultations over the introduction of social and economic policies on the other. Alternatively, agreements and consultations can also take place in bipartite or tripartite settings, and consultations can be carried out on an ad hoc or regular basis. The analysis of the national reports shows that cross-industry contractual relations are present, in different forms, in 18 countries out of the 28 (see Annex, Table 2 and Tables D1 and D2). Indeed, the main level of collective bargaining in the European Union is at industry (sectoral) level (Annex, Table F1). However, there are increasing signs of a progressive decentralisation, with a growing emphasis on the definition of important elements of employment and work relationships through decentralised bargaining, particularly at company-level. It should be pointed out that intersectoral agreements could be quite common, if we opt for a narrow definition of NACE sections (for instance, at two digits), since the demarcation of collective agreements rarely corresponds to specific two-digit NACE codes. As a consequence, in this study, our definition of cross-industry industrial relations includes intersectoral agreements which cover macro-sectors, such as the whole private economy or public administrations, while economy-wide agreements are considered to be only those which cover both private and public sectors. Economy-wide agreements are the exception, as substantive employment matters are usually regulated separately for private and public sectors, since the representation system of public administrations tends to remain distinct even when collective bargaining takes place. Only general regulatory or ‘normative’ agreements that put in place general rules may, in some cases, cover the whole economy. The analysis of the national reports shows that only in Belgium and Finland do ‘framework collective agreements’ encompass the whole of the private economy and set a number of constraints and guidelines for lower-level industry-wide agreements. More common are agreements on minimum wages, present in Bulgaria, Estonia, Greece, Hungary, Latvia and Slovenia. However, these agreements present a different degree of general effectiveness since, in some circumstances, the government remains responsible for the final implementation of minimum wages. The social partners only agree on recommendations which are presented to the political authority. In the public sector, intersectoral agreements on economic matters are more widespread, although they may in fact cover subgroups of administrations such as central government or local and regional authorities, or special categories of public workers as they do in Denmark (graduate workers) and Estonia (cultural workers). Agreements covering the entire public sector and its various sections can be found in Croatia, Ireland, Malta, Slovenia, and Spain. General normative agreements can be found in a relatively small set of countries which seem to rely on a diffuse form of social concertation to address issues of general relevance. It is worth repeating that this study refers only to agreements, rather than joint positions or recommendations, which could in fact be common in a broader set of EU countries. In Austria, such regulatory agreements, while rare, do exist. For instance, they set out the implementation of the reduction of the working week to 40 hours in 1969, and in 1978 detailed the calculation of holidays after the Holiday Act came into force. In Luxembourg, cross-industry agreements can define specific rules on employment relations or the transposition of European directives; they can also cover the implementation of European voluntary agreements. Examples include the framework agreement on an inclusive labour market (February 2012), the agreement on telework (July 2011), and the agreement on harassment and violence at work (June 2009). In Italy, France and Spain, intersectoral regulatory agreements seem more common and even in recent years they have covered issues such as employment, competitiveness and industrial relations. It is important to stress that these agreements are generally made in the private sector. They are bilateral and are not of the same kind as ‘social pacts’ which characterised the experience of many EU countries in the 1990s, but which have become less common lately. In the public sector, only in Italy was an agreement signed on the system of industrial relations and collective bargaining. Conversely, economy-wide agreements require by definition the involvement of the government and can correspond either to general agreements on industrial relations, where the government acts as the public sector employer (as in the case of Italy’s January 2009 agreement on the reform of the bargaining system) or to social partnership agreements, where the government gives its political backing (as with Latvia’s 2004 tripartite agreement on socio-economic partnership). Private sector Public sector Economy-wide Economic -Minimum conditions and general guidelines (BE, FI) -Minimum wages (BG*, EE, HU, LV*, SI) -Wage increases (FI, EL) -SMEs (SI) -Public sector (ES, HR, IE, MT, SI) -State Administration (DE, DK) -Local and Regional Governments (DE, DK) -Occupational groups (DK, EE) Normative -Employment (AT, ES, FR, EL, LU, IT) -Working time (AT) -Competitiveness (ES, FR, IT, LV) -Industrial relations and collective bargaining (ES, IT) -Industrial relations and collective bargaining (IT) -Industrial relations and collective bargaining (IT) -Social Partnership (LV) * The government is responsible for the final decision and implementation of the minimum wage. Source: EIRO (2013) The second dimension of cross-industry industrial relations, consultation on social policies, is far more common. It involves almost all countries covered by this study, even if we consider only formal and institutionalised consultation settings embodied in bipartite or tripartite structures (Annex, Table 3 and Table E1). In this analysis, social partner representation is not considered in a number of bodies responsible for running public services or within pension and insurance funds, although it is quite important. The study aims to identify the national social partner organisations which are involved in policy consultations, rather than those which have been assigned a formal ‘guarantee’ and supervisory role in certain services or elements of the public administration. Even with the adoption of this stricter definition of formal consultations, the only exceptions are Austria and Sweden, where consultations are regular but informal and bilateral, and Estonia, where bilateral talks are held between the government and the social partners on cross-industry issues on an ad hoc basis. The systems of consultation are quite different across countries, but tripartite forums largely prevail. Bipartite bodies are the only reference for consultations in Belgium and Slovenia. Another notable example of a bipartite body which has a key position in the national industrial relations system is the Labour Foundation in the Netherlands. Other bipartite bodies have a consultative and quite general social representation role in Greece (the Economic and Social Council of Greece, OKE) and Italy (the National Council for Economic Affairs and Labour, Cnel, which includes civil society representation). Table 3 shows that single cross-industry consultative bodies are present in seven countries (Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Portugal and Slovakia). In nine countries, the system is rather complex because it involves at least four specialised bodies (Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Greece and Spain). Country No. of bodies Bipartite Tripartite AT 0 - - BE 4 4 0 BG 6 0 6 CY 5 0 5 CZ 4 0 4 DE 2 0 2 DK 4 0 4 EE 0 - - ES 4 0 4 FI 4 0 4 FR 5 0 5 EL 4 1 3 HR 3 0 3 HU 2 0 2 IE 1 0 1 IT 1 1 0 LT 1 0 1 LU 3 0 2 LV 1 0 1 MT 2 0 2 NL 2 1 1 PL 1 0 1 PT 1 0 1 RO 3 0 3 SE 0 - - SI 3 2 1 SK 1 0 1 UK 3 0 3 Total 70 9 61 Number of countries 25 5 23 Source: EIRO (2013) Following the analysis of national cross-industry industrial relations illustrated in previous section (‘bottom-up’ screening) and considering the members of EU-level organisations (‘top-down’ screening), a total of 108 trade union organisations and 134 employers’ associations have been included in the present study. This analysis was carried out according to the selection criteria discussed in the section above ‘Relevant interest associations’ on the basis of the information collected by the EIRO national centres and the feedback received from European social partner organisations. Tables 4 and 5 present some summary indicators about such national organisations. In almost all countries it is possible to find more than one trade union organisation involved in cross-industry industrial relations. The only exceptions are Latvia and Ireland, where the Free Trade Union Confederation of Latvia (LBAS) and the Irish Congress of Trade Unions (ICTU) are the only trade union confederations to be part of cross-industry negotiations and consulted on cross- sector policies and issues. The remaining countries present different levels of union pluralism. The highest numbers of trade union organisations covered by this study can be found in Italy (12), Slovenia (7), Spain (7), France and Hungary (6), and Croatia and Romania (5). Such pluralism is due to the following factors: the presence of traditional ideological cleavages between the main trade unions (in Italy and France); the process of trade union renewal in central and eastern European countries after the transition to democracy and a market economy since the 1990s (Slovenia, Hungary, Croatia and Romania); the inclusion in cross-industry negotiations of autonomous trade union confederations (Italy); and the inclusion of occupational unions (Italy) and regional unions (Spain). Of the 108 trade unions considered in this study, 56% are economy-wide, all-encompassing organisations which cover the whole of the private and public sectors. The remaining 44% have a representational domain which is limited to some subsectors (generally the private or the public sectors), certain occupations (blue- or white-collar unions, technicians, and managers – and it should be noted that the sectional representation of professionals and managers is a constituent part of the membership of CEC), or certain regions. Total Economy-wide* Sectional MS CB CI CB Consultation Tripartite bodies** Bipartite bodies** AT 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 BE 4 3 1 4 3 3 0 3 BG 2 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 CY 3 0 3 3 0 3 3 0 CZ 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 DE 3 1 2 3 2 3 3 0 DK 4 0 4 4 4 4 4 0 EE 2 2 0 2 2 2 0 0 ES 7 3 4 7 3 6 4 0 FI 3 0 3 3 3 3 3 0 FR 6 5 1 6 5 5 5 0 EL 4 0 4 2 1 2 2 0 HR 5 4 1 5 5 5 5 0 HU 6 2 4 6 6 6 5 0 IE 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 IT 12 8 4 12 11 11 0 9 LT 3 3 0 3 0 3 3 0 LU 3 2 1 3 0 3 3 0 LV 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 MT 3 2 1 3 1 3 3 0 NL 3 3 0 3 0 3 3 3 PL 3 3 0 3 0 3 3 0 PT 3 3 0 3 0 2 2 0 RO 5 5 0 5 0 5 5 0 SE 4 0 4 4 0 4 0 0 SI 7 5 2 7 6 7 6 0 SK 3 2 1 3 3 1 1 0 UK 4 0 4 4 1 3 1 0 Total 108 61 47 105 59 97 70 15 Notes: MS CB = multi-sector collective bargaining; the union takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two different sectors. CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining, the union participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining. *All-encompassing, including both the private sector and the public sector. **Only formal tripartite and bipartite bodies as for Table E1. Source: EIRO (2013) It is important to note that while many unions may not cover the whole economy, the majority engage in multi-sectoral collective bargaining (separate collective bargaining in at least two different sectors, 105 unions or 97%) and are effectively integrated in the cross-industry industrial relations systems. Some 55% of unions (59 unions) are involved in cross-industry bargaining and almost 90% (97 unions) in consultations. This is usually carried out in formal tripartite bodies (70 unions or 65%), while a minority participate in bipartite structures (15 or 14%). As mentioned above, this reflects that fact the national industrial relations systems usually rely on tripartite fora to organise formal social dialogue on social and economic policies. The remaining 12 organisations (11%) are involved in consultations in bilateral talks, generally on an ad hoc basis. For the 134 employers’ associations mapped in this study, as with unions, pluralism is the rule. In all countries there are at least two employers’ organisations. Italy and Romania have the highest number of employers’ organisations (15 and 14 respectively). Other countries with a relatively high number of organisations are Hungary (7), Sweden and France (6) and Belgium (5). Representation pluralism is usually linked to sectional representation, which typically includes specialised associations for the private and public sectors, for large and smaller enterprises, and for special types of firms such as crafts or cooperatives. Ideological or traditional cleavages within the same representational domain can further complicate the picture, as in the case of Italy. While membership in the vast majority of employer associations is voluntary for employers, in the case of a few organisations membership is mandatory. The latter includes public sector organisations and some specialised agencies, as well as the system of chambers of commerce, especially for SMEs, and notably Austria with its Federal Economic Chamber (WKÖ). Employers’ associations, even peak organisations, tend to be focused on specific interests and this often encourages relatively narrow representational domains. This is reflected in the prevalence of sectional domains, so that just around 40% of the employers’ associations included in the study have encompassing domains (covering the whole private or public sector). About 60% of the associations concentrate on sections of the production system. Despite this, involvement in multi-sector bargaining (separate collective bargaining in at least two different sectors), directly or through members, is almost universal (89% and 119 associations). Participation in cross-industry collective bargaining is also significant (34% or 45 organisations). Again, the great majority of organisations are involved in consultations about public policy concerns (90% or 120 associations), which generally takes place within tripartite bodies (57% or 76 organisations), with a direct link to the evidence about trade unions, since by definition the two sides of industry participate together in tripartite consultations and social dialogue. Total Mand. Encom. Sect. MS CB CI CB Consul. Tripartite bodies* Bipartite bodies* AT 3 1 0 3 1 1 3 0 0 BE 5 0 1 4 5 1 5 0 5 BG 5 0 3 2 5 0 5 4 0 CY 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 CZ 4 0 1 3 4 0 4 2 0 DE 5 0 1 4 5 2 4 2 0 DK 5 3 0 5 4 3 5 5 0 EE 5 0 3 2 5 1 5 0 0 ES 5 0 0 5 5 3 3 3 0 FI 5 3 1 4 3 4 5 5 0 FR 6 1 1 5 5 3 6 5 0 EL 3 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 0 HR 2 1 1 1 2 0 2 1 0 HU 7 0 1 6 7 7 7 3 0 IE 3 0 1 2 1 0 2 1 0 IT 15 1 3 12 15 13 10 0 8 LT 3 0 3 0 3 0 3 3 0 LU 5 1 2 3 5 0 5 5 0 LV 2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 MT 3 0 2 1 1 0 3 3 0 NL 3 0 1 2 2 0 3 2 2 PL 4 0 3 1 4 0 4 4 0 PT 4 0 2 2 3 0 2 2 0 RO 14 0 12 2 14 0 14 14 0 SE 6 1 2 4 5 0 5 0 0 SI 4 0 2 2 4 4 4 4 0 SK 2 0 2 0 2 0 2 2 0 UK 4 0 1 3 4 0 4 1 0 Total 134 12 53 81 119 45 120 76 15 Notes: Mand. = Mandatory Encom. = Encompassing membership, that is, including the whole private sector or public sector; Sect. = Sectional; MS CB = multi-sector collective bargaining; the employers’ association takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two different sectors; CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining; the employers’ association participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining; Consul. = Consultation. *Only formal tripartite and bipartite bodies (Annex, Table E1) Source: EIRO (2013) Figure 1: Trade unions and employers' associations involved in cross-industry industrial relations, EU28 (2013) Source: EIRO (2013) Table 6 shows the general picture regarding the affiliation of the national organisations. The social Partner organisations that are currently part of the EU-level cross-industry dialogue confirm their relevance. ETUC, EUROCADRES and CEC together represent almost 80% of all listed national trade union organisations. On the employee side, a certain number of organisations are affiliated to no EU-level organisations (12 unions or 11%). Other organisations not included in the current list of EU-level social partner organisations to be consulted at cross-industry level have eight affiliated national organisations (7%) in seven countries. ETUC E C CEC O None NA B. E. UEAPME CEEP O None NA AT 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 BE 3 3 1 0 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 0 BG 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 CY 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 CZ 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 DE 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 DK 3 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 EE 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 2 ES 4 2 1 1 0 1 1 4 0 0 0 0 FI 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 3 0 0 0 FR 5 5 1 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 0 0 EL 2 1 2 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 HR 2 0 0 0 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 HU 6 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 2 0 IE 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 IT 3 3 2 2 1 4 1 3 2 4 1 4 LT 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 LU**** 2 2 0 1 0 0 1 2 0 0 1 0 LV 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 MT 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 NL 3 3 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 PL 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 PT 2 2 0 1 0 0 2 1 1 1 0 0 RO 4 2 0 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 10 0 SE 3 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 4 0 0 0 SI 2 0 1 0 4 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 SK 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 UK 2 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 Total 70* 40* 13 8** 12 5 29*** 36*** 29 12** 23 6 Countries 28 21 11 7 7 2 28 25 17 8 11 2 Notes: E C = EUROCADRES; B.E. = BUSINESSEUROPE; O = Other * All members of EUROCADRES included in this study are members of ETUC. ** Organisations affiliated exclusively to other EU-level associations. *** BUSINESSEUROPE and UEAPME have two common members. **** UEL is not included in this table, because it is a joint organisation of a number of employers’ associations covering the private sector including clc, Fedil, FDA and CDM, which are individually covered by this study and have different or no EU affiliations. For more details on UEL, see Annex Table C3 note, and the national report. Source: EIRO (2013) These features stand out more clearly if we analyse the distribution of national organisations across the social partners considered in this study. As indicated in Table 7, ETUC is by far the peak level trade union organisation which associates more national organisations (70 out of 108, or 65%) with comprehensive representational domains (48 out of 61, or 79%) and those which are more prominent in national cross-industry industrial relations (38 out of 59 in collective bargaining – 64% – and 68 out of 97 in consultations – 70%). EUROCADRES’ member associations, as mentioned above, are a subsection of ETUC’s members and therefore are often all-encompassing unions. CEC, which is independent of ETUC although it participates in cross-industry social dialogue within the ETUC delegation, presents only sectional representational domains. Data on trade union membership is available for three-quarters of the surveyed organisations (83 out of 108). Some 36.2 million active workers are affiliated to the unions included in this study for which membership data were available. According to this data, at least 32.4 million workers are members of ETUC through its national affiliates in the EU28 (data on 59 national trade union organisations out of 70 affiliates). This corresponds to almost 90% of the overall membership included in this study. EUROCADRES has similarly high membership because its members are a subsection of the same trade union confederations affiliated to ETUC. Member organisations of CEC have at least 600,000 affiliated workers (data for nine cases out of 13) or 2% of the overall membership. Other European organisations not included in the study give total membership figures of 1.8 million (5% of the total). This figure refers essentially to CESI, but its membership is concentrated in two of the three organisations for which data are available (of the seven surveyed in this study) in Italy (Confsal) and Romania (CSN Meridian). As a general indication of professional and managerial staff membership in EUROCADRES’ affiliated trade unions, self-reported data provided for the 2013 Congress indicate a total of some 4.1 million workers (Annex, Table G.1). National organisations affiliated to the EU relevant social partners are in some cases also affiliated to other European associations, usually of a regional character such as the Council of Nordic Trade Unions (NFS), the Baltic Sea Trade Union Network (BASTUN), and the Baltic Trade Union Council (BTUC). This involves ETUC affiliates in eleven cases. Total Economy-wide* Sect. MS CB CI CB Cons. Tri. Bi. % Memb. N ETUC 70** 48 22 70 38 68 54 9 89.5 59 EURO CADRES 40 31 9 40 23 39 30 9 73.1 33 CEC 13 0 13 10 3 8 3 1 1.6 9 Other 8 4 4 8 5 6 3 1 4.9 4 None 12 7 5 12 9 11 9 1 3.8 10 Not available 5 2 3 5 4 4 1 3 0.2 1 Total 108 61 47 105 59 97 70 15 100.0 83 Notes: Sect. = Sectional; MS CB = multi-sector collective bargaining, the union takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two different sectors; CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining, the union participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining; Cons. = Consultation; Tri. = Tripartite; Bi = Bipartite; % Memb. = % of total members as for data collected for this study; N = number of cases included in the calculation of membership *All-encompassing, that is including both the private sector and the public sector ** Including two indirect members: PERGAM in Slovenia, through UNI Europa and IndustriALL, and NIC ICTU in Northern Ireland, through ICTU Source: EIRO (2013) The three current EU-level cross-industry employers’ associations, BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME and CEEP, represent almost 70% of all national-level organisations. The area of non-affiliation concerns 17% of all national employers’ associations (23 organisations). EU-level organisations other than those covered by this study affiliate 12 national organisations (9%). Among these other EU-level associations, those which have members in more than one country are often sectoral organisations, rather than competing peak-level cross-industry organisations, as well as the international system of the Chambers of Commerce. These include Eurocommerce (three exclusive members in three countries) and Eurochambres (two exclusive members in two countries). BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, and CEEP are the EU-level employers’ associations which affiliate most of the national organisations involved in national cross-industry industrial relations (Table 8). BUSINESSEUROPE tends to have a broader representational domain, whereas UEAPME and CEEP have members which tend to have sectional representation; UEAPME is focused on SMEs and CEEP on public services. Data on membership of the employers’ organisations included in this study (134 organisations) are available for 106 organisations in the case of firms (79%) and for 82 organisations in the case of employees (61%). In total, the national organisations included in this study for which data are available group at least 11.9 million affiliated firms, which employ at least 107.8 million workers. At least 3.8 million firms (32%) are affiliated with BUSINESSEUROPE through its national members (data for 26 cases out of 29); they employ at least 60.1 million workers (56%, data for 22 cases out of 29). UEAPME affiliates through its national members (data for 27 cases out of 36) at least 6.1 million firms (52% ) with at least 16 million employees (15%, data for 16 cases out of 36). CEEP affiliates at least 193,000 firms (2% ) – which in this case can actually be public sector administrations in accordance with its representational domain – through its national members (data for 27 cases out of 29); these administrations and enterprises together have at least 19.7 million employees (18%, data for 24 cases out of 29). These differences reflect the distinct membership bases, and notably the focus of UEAPME on small firms and of CEEP on public services. In particular, CEEP covers public administrations, services of general interest including network services, and publicly owned firms. These organisations are usually among the largest employers in each country and can group, under one single formal organisation, a very large number of local branches and establishments. For instance, the UK section includes 22 organisations covering five million employees. The other EU-level organisations not expressly included in this study affiliate 10% of firms through their national affiliates (data for 11 cases out of 12) covering 6% of employees (data for 8 cases out of 12, 67%). As in the case of trade unions, most of the firms and employees covered by other organisations are in fact concentrated in one (Eurocommerce) and in a very small number of cases: three cases for firms and two cases for workers, and two in particular (Confcommercio in Italy and CCP in Portugal). As with trade unions, some national members of the relevant EU social partners are also affiliated to other European organisations, including Eurocommerce and Eurochambres, and the Council of European Municipalities and Regions (CEMR). This involves members affiliated to BUSINESSEUROPE (one case), UEAPME (three) and CEEP (six). Total Mand. Encom. Sect. MS CB CI CB Cons. BUSINESS EUROPE 29 0 23 6 27 10 28 UEAPME 36 4 6 30 29 11 31 CEEP 29 8 5 24 24 11 24 Other (exclusive) 12 0 4 8 11 7 11 None 23 0 13 10 23 4 23 Not available * 7 0 4 3 7 2 4 Total 134 12 53 81 119 45 120 Tripartite Bipartite % Firms N.F % Emp. N.E BUSINESS EUROPE 23 3 31.8 26 55.8 22 UEAPME 18 6 51.7 27 14.8 16 CEEP 12 3 1.6 27 18.3 24 Other (exclusive) 7 2 10.4 11 6.3 8 None 16 0 4.6 15 5.2 13 Not available * 1 1 0.0 1 0.0 0 Total 76 15 100.0 106 100.0 82 Notes: Mand. = Mandatory membership; Encom. = Encompassing membership, that is including the whole private sector or public sector; Sect. = Sectional; MS CB = multi-sector collective bargaining, the employers’ association takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two different sectors; CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining, the employers’ associations participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining; Cons. = Consultation; % Firms = % of total firms as for data collected for this study; % Emp. = % of total employees as for data collected for this study; N.F = number of cases included in the calculation of membership in terms of firms; N.E = number of cases included in the calculation of membership in terms of employees * Includes UEL of Luxembourg (not applicable), see note to Table 6 Source: EIRO (2013) Finally, it should be noted that ETUC and BUSINESSEUROPE are the only organisations with affiliated members in each country. Another important criterion of representativeness at European level is the organisations’ capacity to negotiate on behalf of their members. All of the EU-level organisations considered in this study have specific procedures to define the positions to be presented within the European social dialogue framework. For BUSINESSEUROPE, the mandate to negotiate agreements within the European social dialogue is decided by the Council of the Presidents, with a quorum of two-thirds of members affected by the agreement and a qualified majority of 80%. The mandate is entrusted to a negotiating team comprising a representative from each affected federation. The team reports to the Social Affairs Political Committee which designates the employers’ chief negotiator. The decision on the outcome of the European Social Dialogue is also taken by the Council of Presidents. A consensus of all members with voting rights and whose country is affected by the agreement in question is required for approval of an agreement negotiated with trade unions at EU-level. Within CEEP, the mandate for the European social dialogue is approved by the General Assembly, which is the competent decision-making body. The General Assembly can decide on these matters with a qualified two-thirds majority if at least half of its sections are present. The CEEP’s Social Affairs Board then takes part in the negotiations. The outcome of the European social dialogue must again be approved by the General Assembly with the same procedure and voting requirements. Similarly, in UEAPME the mandate for the European social dialogue is approved by the General Assembly which is the competent decision-making body. The General Assembly decides on these matters with a simple majority. The mandate is entrusted to the UEAPME Social Affairs Committee. The outcome of the European social dialogue must be approved again by the General Assembly with the same procedure and voting requirements. On the employee side, ETUC’s Executive Committee approves a mandate for the European social dialogue with a two-thirds majority and decides the composition of the social dialogue delegation. The negotiating party for ETUC is the Secretariat, which operates in close consultation with the affiliated national trade union confederations and European Industry Federations. The Executive Committee decides both the draft agreement and the outcome of the social dialogue procedure. A two-thirds majority is needed for the adoption of a final agreement. For EUROCADRES, its Executive Committee has overall responsibility for all activities and policies, and it approves matters concerning the European social dialogue. The President, in cooperation with the Vice-Presidents and the Executive Officer, represents EUROCADRES. For CEC, its Steering Committee is its executive body and it decides the positions to be adopted in the European social dialogue. These decisions are executed by the President (legal representative), the Secretary General (as operative officer) and the Deputy Secretary General (in cooperation with the Secretary General). This section briefly presents relevant developments that have occurred since the previous studies on the representativeness of the social partners included in this one were carried out. The organisations included in the present study were the subject of two different reports prepared at the end of the 1990s by the Institut des Sciences du Travail – Université Catholique de Louvain: the first report dealt with European social partner organisations at cross-industry level, excluding trade unions for professional and managerial workers – these were covered in the second report. The 1999 study on European social partner organisations at cross-industry level is significantly different from the present study. This is primarily because it set out to cover all potential EU-level organisations representing labour and management, beginning with a top-down approach, so that in practice it considered many more organisations. The present study, as described in the introduction and methodology section, adopts a top-down approach only in the case of the presently recognised EU-level organisations. It is firmly rooted in a bottom-up approach, which assigns particular importance to representative national organisations, through the identification of trade unions and employers’ associations which take part into cross-industry collective bargaining and consultations at national level. This approach highlights a fundamental element of representativeness: the fact that EU-level social partners ought to ‘consist of organisations, which are themselves an integral and recognised part of Member State social partner structures and with the capacity to negotiate agreements’. In other words, they should bring together organisations which are recognised as representative at national level, even though this may be according to different criteria such as density rates, elections results for representative bodies (essentially for unions) or even mutual recognition. The practical consequence of this methodology is to concentrate attention on the organisations which have the broadest membership. As illustrated by the results of this study, this presently holds for the currently recognised EU-level cross-industry social partner organisations, since no other relevant EU organisations were identified through the bottom-up approach. The second difference concerns the enlargement of the EU that has taken place since the late 1990s from 15 Member States to the current 28. This makes the comparison of data particularly complex. Membership data are not always available, and if present, they are sometimes general estimates. Problems with data were also raised in the previous studies and data availability and reliability does not seem to have improved significantly in the meantime. If anything, the broadening of the reference basis to 28 countries has made the collection and validation of data more complex. For this reason, no direct comparison of the membership levels of the organisations can be performed on a methodologically sound basis. Despite these difficulties, the indicators identified by the previous studies are to a large extent comparable, since they also included the identification of national members, the scrutiny of their role in cross-industry collective bargaining and in cross-industry consultations, and the collection of available data on membership. Taking into consideration these basic indicators, the present study substantially confirms the results of the previous ones. ETUC and BUSINESSEUROPE (then UNICE) remain the organisations with affiliated members in all Member States, with comparatively more national affiliates participating in cross-industry collective bargain and consultations and with the largest membership. CEEP, despite the changes introduced by liberalisation processes, maintains an important role as the EU-level association of public service employers, especially where civil servants are covered by collective bargaining rather than unilateral regulation by public authorities, and where public sector bodies are organised in associations or agencies rather than being represented directly by political authorities such as central government ministries. Important publicly owned firms, which mostly operate in public utilities and services of general interest, are also among CEEP’s members. In the latter case, the firms may also have membership in employers’ associations which represent private sector firms, but such situations cannot be identified without further research. This type of overlap may be of limited relevance for the assessment of the representativeness of CEEP, since it could denote the specific interest representation of public-owned enterprises in these particular sectors. EUROCADRES and CEC were covered in the second of the earlier afore-mentioned studies. EUROCADRES continues to be characterised by a combination of national confederations as formal members and a number of active members, often national sectoral federations. The representativeness of EUROCADRES remains linked to its representation of professional and managerial staff within a broader membership. If the presence of the main national confederations among its members may be regarded as strengthening EUROCADRES’ representativeness, it means that the role of professional and managerial staff, both at national and European level, depends on the capacity to bring forward their interests in the framework of general collective bargaining and consultations. In this sense, the inclusion within the employees’ delegation of a representation of professional and managerial staff fulfils the objective of ensuring a specific consideration of the interests of this section of the workforce. CEC maintains representation of professional and managerial staff in a number of EU Member States and this confirms its relevance at EU-level. The data collected for this study show that the European social partners currently involved in cross-industry social dialogue affiliate the great majority of national organisations which have a role in cross-industry industrial relations in the EU28 Members States and cover about 90% of member employees and firms. Specifically, the national members of ETUC, EUROCADRES and CEC organise 91% of all employees and the national affiliated organisations of BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME and CEEP organise 85% of firms which employ 89% of workers. On the employee and the employer sides, ETUC and BUSINESSEUROPE are respectively the organisations with the more encompassing representational domains, the most prominent role in cross-industry collective bargaining and tripartite consultations, as well as the highest membership share in terms of employees. They are also the only two organisations with members in each of the 28 countries covered by this study. CEEP represents public employers (where it remains the only general cross-industry organisation) and providers of services of general interest. In this field, national members are relevant players in cross-industry industrial relations in EU Member States. UEAPME represents craft enterprises and SMEs. In this field, national members are relevant players in cross-industry industrial relations in EU Member States. EUROCADRES and CEC are relevant social partner organisations for managerial and professional staff with national affiliated members that have a clear role in cross-industry bargaining and consultations. In this respect, EUROCADRES certainly benefits from sharing members with ETUC. Together, ETUC, EUROCADRES, CEC and BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME, CEEP cover three-quarters of the national social partner organisations which participate in cross-industry industrial relations across the EU. They also affiliate through their national members the great majority of unionised workers and firms affiliated to employers’ associations. With their specificities in terms of representation, according to the result of this study, they are to be regarded as the most important EU-wide representatives of the labour and management at cross-industry level. Roberto Pedersini, Università degli Studi di Milano, and Christian Welz, Eurofound Country Organisation Full name Full name (English) AT ÖGB Österreichischer Gewerkschaftsbund Austrian Trade Union Federation AT WdF Wirtschaftsforum der Führungskräfte Austrian Managers Association BE CGSLB- ACLVB Centrale Générale des Syndicats Libéraux de Belgique, CGSLB/Algemene Centrale der Liberale Vakbonden van België, ACLVB General Central of Liberal Trade Union of Belgium BE CNC-NCK Confédération Nationale des Cadres National Executive Confederation BE CSC/ACV Confédération des Syndicats Chrétiens/Algemeen Christelijk Vakverbond Confederation of Christian Trade Unions BE FGTB-ABVV Fédération Générale du Travail de Belgique/Algemeen Belgisch Vakverbond Belgian Trade Union Federation BG CITUB Конфедерация на независимите синдикати в България Confederation of Independent Trade Unions in Bulgaria BG Podkrepa CL Конфедерация на труда „Подкрепа’ Confederation of Labour Podkrepa CY DEOK Δημοκρατική Εργατική Ομοσπονδία Κύπρου Democratic Labour Federation of Cyprus CY PEO Παγκύπρια Εργατική Ομοσπονδία Pancyprian Federation of Labour CY SEK Συνομοσπονδία Εργαζομένων Κύπρου Cyprus Employee Confederation CZ ASO ČR Asociace samostatných odborů České republiky Association of Autonomous Trade Unions of Czech Republic CZ ČMKOS Českomoravská konfederace odborových svazů Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions DE dbb Tarifunion Deutscher Beamtenbund und Tarifunion The German Civil Service Association DE DGB Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund Confederation of German Trade Unions DE ULA Deutscher Führungskräfteverband German Confederation of Managers and Executives DK AC Akademikernes Centralorganisation Confederation of Professional Associations DK FTF FTF Confederation of Professionals in Denmark DK LH Ledernes Hovedorganisation Danish Association of Managers and Executives DK LO Landsorganisationen i Danmark Danish Trade Union Confederation EE EAKL Eesti Ametiühingute Keskliit Estonian Trade Union Confederation EE TALO Teenistujate Ametiliitude Organisatsioon Estonian Employees’ Unions’ Confederation ES CCOO Comisiones Obreras Trade Union Confederation of Workers’ Commissions ES CCP Confederación de Cuadros y Profesionales Confederation of Managers and Professionals ES CIG Confederación Intersindical Gallega/ Confederación Intersindical Galega Federation of Galician Interunion Confederation ES CSI-F Central Sindical Independiente y de Funcionarios Independent Trade Union Confederation of Public Servants ES ELA-STV Solidaridad de los Trabajadores Vascos/ Euskal Sindikatua Zerbitzuak Basque Workers’ Solidarity ES UGT Unión General de Trabajadores General Workers’ Confederation ES USO Unión Sindical Obrera Workers’ Trade Unionist Confederation FI AKAVA AKAVA Confederation of Unions for Professional and Managerial Staff in Finland FI SAK Suomen Ammattiliittojen Keskusjärjestö Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions FI STTK Toimihenkilökeskusjärjestö Finnish Confederation of Professionals FR CFDT Confédération française Démocratique du travail French Democratic Confederation of Labour FR CFE-CGC Confédération Française de l’Encadrement CGC French Confederation of Professional and Managerial Staff FR CFTC Confédération Française des Travailleurs Chrétiens French Confederation of Christians Workers FR CGT Confédération Générale du Travail General Confederation of Labour FR CGT-FO Confédération Générale du Travail-Force Ouvrière General Confederation of Labour–Force Ouvrière FR UNSA Union Nationale des Syndicats Autonomes National Union of Autonomous Unions EL ADEDY Ανώτατη Διοίκηση Ενώσεων Δημοσίων Υπαλλήλων Supreme Administration of Greek Civil Servants Trade Unions EL EASE Εταιρεία Ανώτατων Στελεχών Επιχειρήσεων Association of Chief Executive Officers EL EEDE Ελληνική Εταιρία Διοικήσεως Επιχειρήσεων Hellenic Management Association EL GSEE Γενική Συνομοσπονδία Εργατών Ελλάδος Greek General Confederation of Labour HR HUS Hrvatska udruga sindikata Croatian Trade Unions Association HR MATICA MATICA HRVATSKIH SINDIKATA MATICA - Association of Croatian Trade Unions HR NHS Nezavisni hrvatski sindikati Independent Trade Unions of Croatia HR SSSH Savez samostalnih sindikata Hrvatske Union of Autonomous Trade Unions of Croatia HR URSH Udruga radničkih sindikata Hrvatske Association of Workers Trade Unions of Croatia HU ASZSZ Autonóm Szakszervezetek Szövetsége Autonomous Trade Unions Confederation HU ÉSZT Értelmiségi Szakszervezeti Tömörülés Trade Union Confederation of Professionals HU Liga Független Szakszervezetek Demokratikus Ligája Democratic League of Independent Trade Unions HU MSZOSZ Magyar Szakszervezetek Országos Szövetsége National Confederation of Hungarian Trade Unions HU Munkástanácsok Munkástanácsok Országos Szövetsége National Confederation of Workers’ Councils HU SZEF Szakszervezetek Együttműködési Fóruma Forum for the Co-operation of Trade Unions IE ICTU Irish Congress of Trade Unions Irish Congress of Trade Unions IT Cgil Confederazione Generale Italiana del Lavoro The General Confederation of Italian Workers IT Cida Manager e Alte Professionalità per l’Italia Italian Confederation of Managers and High Professionals IT Cisal Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Autonomi Lavoratori Italian Confederation of Workers’ Autonomous Trade Unions IT Cisl Confederazione Italiana Sindacati Lavoratori Italian Confederation of Workers’ Union IT CIU Unionquadri Confederazione Italiana Unionquadri Italian Confederation UNIONQUADRI IT Confedir Confederazione dei sindacati dei funzionari direttivi, dirigenti e delle elevate professionalità della funzione pubblica Confederation of Trade Unions of Directors, Managers and High Professionals in Public Service IT Confsal Confederazione Generale dei Sindacati Autonomi dei Lavoratori General Confederation of the Autonomous Trade Unions of the Workers IT Cuq Confederazione Unitaria Quadri Unitary Confederation of Professional and Managerial Staff IT Ugl Unione Generale del Lavoro General Union of Workers IT Uil Unione Italiana del Lavoro Union of Italian Workers IT Usae Unione sindacati autonomi europei Union of Autonomous European Trade Unions IT Usb Unione sindacale di base USB trade union confederation LT LDF Lietuvos darbo federacija Lithuanian Labour Federation LT LPS 'Solidarumas' Lietuvos profesinė sąjunga ‘Solidarumas’ Lithuanian Trade Union ‘Solidarumas’ LT LPSK Lietuvos profesinių sąjungų konfederacija Lithuanian Trade Union Confederation LU LCGB Lëtzebuerger Chrëschtleche Gewerkschafts-Bond Luxembourg Confederation of Christian Unions in Luxembourg LU OGB-L Onofhängege Gewerkschaftsbond Lëtzebuerg Independent Trade Union Confederation of Luxembourg LU CGFP Confédération Générale de la Fonction Publique-Perspectives Lëtzebuerger Chrëschtleche Gewerkschafts-Bond General Confederation of Public Service LV LBAS Latvijas Brīvo Arodbiedrību savienība Free Trade Union Confederation of Latvia MT CMTU Konfederazzjoni Maltija tat-Trade Unions Confederation of Malta Trade Unions MT ForUM Forum Unions Maltin Forum Maltese Unions MT GWU General Workers' Union General Workers' Union NL CNV Christelijk Nationaal Vakverbond Christian Trade Union Federation NL FNV Federatie Nederlandse Vakbeweging Dutch Trade Union Federation NL MHP-De Unie Middelbaar en Hoger personeel/De Unie Union for Middle and Higher Personnel PL FZZ Forum Związków Zawodowych Trade Unions Forum PL NSZZ Solidarność Niezależny Samorządny Związek Zawodowy Solidarność Independent Self-Governing Trade Union Solidarity PL OPZZ Ogólnopolskie Porozumienie Związków Zawodowych All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions PT CGTP-IN Confederação Geral dos Trabalhadores Portugueses-Intersindical Nacional General Confederation of Portuguese Workers PT UGT União Geral de Trabalhadores General Union of Workers PT USI União de Sindicatos Independentes Confederation of Independent Trade Unions RO BNS Blocul Naţional Sindical National Trade Union Bloc RO CNS 'Cartel Alfa' Confederaţia Naţională Sindicală 'Cartel Alfa' National Trade Unions Confederation 'Cartel Alfa' RO CNSLR Frăţia Confederaţia Naţională a Sindicatelor Libere din România Frăţia National Confederation of Free Trade Unions from Romania Frăţia RO CSDR Confederaţia Sindicatelor Democratice din România Confederation of Democratic Trade Unions in Romania RO CSN Meridian Confederaţia Sindicală Naţională Meridian National Trade Union Confederation Meridian SE Ledarna Ledarna Sweden’s organization for managers SE LO Landsorganisationen i Sverige Swedish Trade Union Confederation SE SACO Sveriges Akademikers Centralorganisation Swedish Confederation of Professional Associations SE TCO Tjänstemännens Centralorganisation Swedish Confederation for Professional Employee SI KNSS Konfederacija novih sindikatov Slovenije Confederation of New Trade Unions of Slovenia SI Konfederacija '90 Konfederacija sindikatov '90 Slovenije Confederation of Trade Unions ΄90 of Slovenia SI KSJS Konfederacija sindikatov javnega sektorja Slovenije Confederation of Public Sector Trade Unions SI PERGAM Konfederacija sindikatov Pergam Slovenije Confederation of Trade Unions of Slovenia Pergam SI Solidarnost Zveza delavskih sindikatov Slovenije–Solidarnost Association of Workers Trade Unions of Slovenia–Solidarity SI Združenje Manager Združenje Manager Managers' Association of Slovenia SI ZSSS Zveza svobodnih sindikatov Slovenije Union of Free Trade Unions of Slovenia SK KOZ SR Konfederácia odborových zväzov Slovenskej republiky Confederation of Trade Unions of the Slovak Republic SK NKOS Nezávislé kresťanské odbory Slovenska Independent Christian Trade Unions of Slovakia SK VSOZ Všeobecný slobodný odborový zväz Independent Free Trade Union Association UK MPA Managerial and Professional Staff Association Managerial and Professional Staff Association UK NIC ICTU Northern Ireland Committee Irish Congress of Trade Unions Northern Ireland Northern Ireland Committee Irish Congress of Trade Unions Northern Ireland UK STUC Scottish Trades Union Congress Scottish Trades Union Congress UK TUC Trades Union Congress Trades Union Congress Country Organisation Full name Full name (English) AT WKÖ Wirtschaftskammer Österreich Federal Economic Chamber AT IV Industriellenvereinigung Austrian Federation of Industry AT VÖWG Verband der Őffentlichen Wirtschaft und Gemeinwirschaft Österreichs The Austrian Association for Public and Social Economy BE FEB/VBO Fédération des Entreprises de Belgique / Verbond van Belgische Ondernemingen Federation of Enterprises in Belgium BE UCM Union des Classes Moyennes Union of the Self- Employed (French language) BE UNIZO Unie van Zelfstandige Ondernemers Flemish Organisation of the Self-Employed BE UNISOC Union des ntreprises à profit social Confederation of Social Profit Enterprises BE UNIPSO Union des Entreprises à Profit Social Union of For-Profit Social Enterprises BG BIA Българска стопанска камара Bulgarian Industrial Association BG BICA Асоциацията на индустриалния капитал в България Bulgarian Industrial Capital Association BG CEIBG Кжонфедерация на работодателите и индустриалците в България Confederation of Employers and Industrialists in Bulgaria BG BCCI Българска търговско промишлена палата Bulgarian Chamber of Commerce and Industry BG UPEE Съюз за стопанска инициатива Union for Economic Initiative CY CCCI Εμπορικό και Βιομηχανικό Επιμελητήριο Κύπρου Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry CY OEB Ομοσπονδία Εργοδοτών και Βιομηχάνων Κύπρου Cyprus Employers and Industrialists Federation CZ SP ČR Svaz průmyslu a dopravy ČR Confederation of Industry of the Czech Republic CZ KZPS ČR Konfederace zaměstnavatelských a podnikatelských svazů ČR Confederation of Employer and Entrepreneur Associations of the Czech Republic CZ AMSP-ČR Asociace malých a středních podniků a živnostníků České republiky Association of Small and Medium sized Entreprises and Crafts of the Czech Republic CZ HK ČR Hospodářská komora České republiky Czech Chamber of Commerce DE BDA Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände German Confederation of Employers’ Associations DE ZDH and UDH Zentralverband des Deutschen Handwerks German Confederation of Skilled Crafts DE bvöd Bundesverband Öffentliche Dienstleistungen Federal Association of Public Services DE TdL Tarifgemeinschaft deutscher Länder Employers' Association of German Länder DE VKA Vereinigung der kommunalen Arbeitgeberverbände Municipal Employers' Association DK DA Dansk Arbejdsgiverforening Confederation of Danish Employers DK Moderniseringsstyrelsen Moderniseringsstyrelsen Agency for the Modernisation of Public Administration DK KL Kommunernes Landsforening Local Government Denmark DK Danske Regioner Danske Regioner Danish Regions DK HVR Håndværksrådet The Danish Federation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises EE ETTK Eesti Tööandjate Keskliit Estonian Employers’ Confederation EE ESIA Eesti Teenusmajanduse Koda Estoniana Service Industry Association EE EVEA Eesti Väike- ja Keskmiste Ettevõtjate Assotsiatsioon Estonian Association of SMEs EE ECCI Eesti Kaubandus- Tööstuskoda Estonian Chamber of Commerce and Industry EE ESEA Eesti Suurettevõtjate Assotsiatsioon Estonian Business Association ES CEOE Confederación Española de Organizaciones Empresariales Spanish Confederation of Employers’ Organisations ES CEPYME Confederación Española de la Pequeña y Mediana Empresa Spanish Confederation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises ES CEAT Federación Española de Autónomos Spanish Federation of Self-employed ES PIMEC Micro, petita i mitjana empresa de Catalunya Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises of Catalonia ES PIMEB Confederació de la Petita i Mitjana Empresa de Balears Confederation of Small and Medium Enterprises of Balearic Islands FI EK Elinkeinoelämän keskusliitto Confederation of Finnish Industries FI KT Kuntatyönantajat Local Government Employers’ Association FI VTML Valtion työmarkkinalaitos State Employer’s Office FI SY/FFE Suomen Yrittäjät Federation of Finnish Enterprises FI KiT Kirkon työmarkkinalaitos Church Employers FR MEDEF Mouvement des Entreprises de France Movement of French Enterprises FR CGPME Confédération Générale des Petites et Moyennes Entreprises General Confederation of Small and Medium sized Enterprises FR UPA Union Professionnelle Artisanale Craft Employers’ Union FR UNAPL Union Nationale des professions Libérales National Union of Self-employed Workers FR APCMA Assemblée Permanente des Chambres de Métiers et de l’Artisanat Permanent Assembly of Chambers of Trade and Craft FR CEEP France Centre Européen des Entreprises à Participation Publique et des Entreprises d’Intérêt Economique Général-France European Centre of Enterprises with Public Participation and Enterprises of General Economic Interest-France EL SEV Σύνδεσμος Επιχειρήσεων και Βιομηχανιών Hellenic Federation of Enterprises EL GSEVEE Γενική Συνομοσπονδία Επαγγελματιών, Βιοτεχνών, Εμπόρων Ελλάδος Greek General Confederation of Professionals, Craftsmen and Merchants EL KEDEO Κέντρο Ελληνικών Δημόσιων Επιχειρήσεων και Οργανισμών Δημόσιου Συμφέροντος Centre of Enterprises of Public Interest HR HUP Hrvatska udruga poslodavaca Croatian Employers Association HR HOK Hrvatska obrtnička komora Croatian Chamber of Trades and Crafts HU ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ Általános Fogyasztási Szövetkezetek és Kereskedelmi Társaságok Országos Szövetsége Hungarian National Federation of Consumer Co-operative Societies and Trade Associations HU KISZOSZ Kereskedők és Vendéglátók Országos Érdekképviseleti Szövetsége National Federation of Traders and Caterers HU OKISZ Magyar Iparszövetség Hungarian Industrial Association HU IPOSZ Ipartestületek Országos Szövetsége National Federation of Craftsmen Boards HU MGYOSZ Munkaadók és Gyáriparosok Országos Szövetsége Confederation of Hungarian Employers and Industrialists, Business Hungary HU STRATOSZ Stratégiai és Közszolgáltató Társaságok Országos Szövetsége National Association of Strategic and Public Utility Companies HU VOSZ Vállalkozók és Munkáltatók Országos Szövetsége National Association of Entrepreneurs and Employers IE IBEC Irish Business and Employers Confederation Irish Business and Employers Confederation IE SFA Small Firms Association Small Firms Association IE ISME Irish Small and Medium Enterprises Association Irish Small and Medium Enterprises Association IT Aran Agenzia per la Rappresentanza Negoziale delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni State Bargaining Agency IT Confindustria Confederazione Generale dell’Industria Italiana General Confederation of Italian Industry IT Confapi Confederazione Italiana della Piccola e media Industria Italian Confederation of Small and Medium-sized Industry IT Confesercenti Confederazione Italiana Esercenti Attività Commerciali, Turistiche e dei Servizi Italian Confederation of Commerce, Tourism and Service Activities IT Confcommercio Confederazione Generale Italiana del Commercio e del Turismo General Italian Confederation of Commerce and Tourism IT Confartigianato Confederazione Generale Italiana dell’Artigianato General Italian Confederation of Artisans IT Cna Confederazione Nazionale dell’Artigianato e della Piccola e Media Impresa National Confederation for the Craft Sector and Small and Medium Enterprise IT Claai Confederazione delle Libere Associazioni Artigiane Italiane Confederation of Italian Free Crafts Associations IT Casartigiani Confederazione Autonoma Sindacati Artigiani Autonomous Confederation of Artisan Unions IT Agci Associazione Generale Cooperative Italiane General Association of Italian Co-operatives IT Legacoop Lega Nazionale delle Cooperative National League of Cooperatives IT Confcooperative Confederazione Cooperative Italiane Confederation of Italian Cooperatives IT Unci Unione Nazionale Cooperative Italiane National Union of Italian Cooperatives IT Federterziario Confederazione Italiana del Terziario, dei Servizi, del Lavoro autonomo, della Piccola Impresa Industriale, Commerciale e Artigiana Italian Confederation of Tertiary, Services, Autonomous Work, Small Industrial, Commercial and Artisan Enterprises IT Confservizi Confederazione dei Servizi Pubblici Locali Confederation of the Local Public Services LT LPK Lietuvos pramoninkų konfederacija Lithuanian Confederation of Industrialists LT LVDK Lietuvos verslo darbdavių konfederacija Lithuanian Business Employers’ Confederation LT LPPARA Lietuvos pramonės, prekybos ir amatų rūmų asociacija Association of Lithuanian Chambers of Commerce, Industry and Crafts LU UEL Union des Entreprises Luxembourgeoises Union of Luxembourg Enterprises LU Fedil Fedil Business Federation Luxembourg LU FDA Fédération des Artisans Union of Craftsmen LU CDM Chambres des Métiers du Grand Duché de Luxembourg Chamber of Crafts LU clc Confédération Luxembourgeoise du Commerce Luxembourg Confederation of Trade LV LDDK Latvijas Darba devēju konfederācija Employers' Confederation of Latvia LV LAK Latvijas Amatniecības kamera Latvian Chamber of Crafts MT MEA Malta Employers Association Malta Employers Association MT MCCEI Kamra Maltija tal-Kummerċ, l-Intrapriża u l-Industrija Malta Chamber of Commerce, Enterprise and Industry MT ELTU Kamra Maltija tan-Negozji Zghar u Medji General Retailers and Traders Union NL VNO-NCW Verbond Nederlandse Ondernemingen–Nederlands Christelijk Werkgeversverbond Association Dutch Employers–Dutch Christian Employers NL MKB-Nederland Midden en Kleinbedrijf Nederland The Dutch Federation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises NL VNG Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten Union of Dutch Municipalities PL PKPP-Lewiatan Polska Konfederacja Pracodawców Prywatnych Lewiatan Polish Confederation of Private Employers Lewiatan PL Pracodawcy RP Pracodawcy Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej Employers of Poland PL ZP BCC Związek Pracodawców Business Centre Club Employer’s Association Business Centre Club PL ZRP Związek Rzemiosła Polskiego Polish Craft Association PT CIP Confederação Empresarial de Portugal Confederation of Portuguese Business PT CCP Confederação do Comércio e Serviços de Portugal Portuguese Commerce and Services Confederation PT CEEP-Portugal Associação CEEP Portugal–Serviços de Interesse Geral Association CEEP Portugal–Services of General Interest PT AIP-CCI Associação Industrial Portuguesa-Câmara de Comércio e Indústria Portuguese Industrial Association–Chamber of Commerce and Industry RO PR Patronatul Român Romanian Employers Organisation RO UGIR 1903 Uniunea Generală a Industriaşilor din România 1903 General Union of Romanian Industrialists 1903 RO CONPIROM Confederaţia Patronală din Industria României Employer Confederation of Romanian Industry RO UNPR Uniunea Naţională a Patronatului Român National Union of Romanian Employers RO CNPR Confederaţia Naţională a Patronatului Român National Confederation of Romanian Employers RO ACPR Alianţa Confederaţiilor Patronale din România Alliance of Romanian Employers’ Confederations RO CNIPMMR Consiliul Naţional al Întreprinderilor Private Mici şi Mijlocii din România National Council of Private Small and Medium Enterprises RO UGIR Uniunea Generală a Industriaşilor din România General Union of Romanian Industrialists RO CoNPR Consiliul Naţional al Patronilor din România National Council of Romanian Employers RO PNR Patronatul Naţional Român Romanian National Employers RO CPISC Confederaţia Patronala a Industriei, Serviciilor şi a Comerţului Employers Confederation for Industry, Services and Commerce RO UNPCPR Uniunea Naţională a Patronatelor cu Capital Privat din România National Union of Employers with Private Capital in Romania RO CP CONCORDIA Confederaţia Patronală CONCORDIA CONCORDIA Employers Confederation RO FNPSPR Federaţia Naţională a Patronatelor Serviciilor Publice din România National Employers' Federation of the Public Services Operators of Romania SE Svenskt Näringsliv Svenskt Näringsliv Confederation of Swedish Enterprise SE Företagarna Företagarna Federation of Business Owners SE SALAR Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions SE KFS Kommunala Företagens Samorganisation Swedish Organisation for Local Enterprises SE SAGE Arbetsgivarverket Swedish Agency for Government Employers SE Pacta Arbetsgivarförbundet Pacta Employers´Association for Local Federations of Local Authorities and Enterprises SI GZS Gospodarska Zbornica Slovenije Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Slovenia SI OZS Obrtno-podjetniska zbornica Slovenije Chamber of Craft and Small Business of Slovenia SI ZDOPS Združenje delodajalcev obrti in podjetnikov Slovenije Association of Employers in Craft and Small Business of Slovenia SI ZDS Združenje delodajalcev Slovenije Association of Employers of Slovenia SK AZZZ SR Asociácia zamestnávateľských zväzov a združení Slovenskej republiky Federation of Employers Associations of the Slovak republic SK RÚZ SR Republiková únia zamestnávateľov National Union of Employers UK CBI Confederation of British Industry Confederation of British Industry UK CEEP UK CEEP UK CEEP UK UK FSB Federation of Small Business Federation of Small Business UK FPB Forum of Private Business Forum of Private Business Organisation Sectors Employers Occupations Territory Domain* AT ÖGB Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide AT WdF Economy All employers Managers National Sectional BE CGSLB- ACLVB Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide BE CNC-NCK Economy All employers Managers National Sectional BE CSC/ACV Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide BE FGTB-ABVV Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide BG CITUB Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide BG Podkrepa CL Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide CY DEOK Private and semi-public sectors Private and semi-public firms All occupations National Sectional CY PEO Private and semi-public sectors Private and semi-public firms All occupations National Sectional CY SEK Private and semi-public sectors Private and semi-public firms All occupations National Sectional CZ ASO ČR Economy, except manufacturing All employers All occupations National Sectional CZ ČMKOS Economy, except agriculture All employers All occupations National Sectional DE dbb Tarifunion Public sector Public employers Public employees National Sectional DE DGB Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide DE ULA Economy All employers Managers National Sectional DK AC Economy All employers University graduates National Sectional DK FTF Economy All employers White-collar, except university graduates National Sectional DK LH Private sector All employers Managers National Sectional DK LO Economy, except the financial sector All employers All occupations, except university graduates National Sectional EE EAKL Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide EE TALO Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide ES CCOO Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide ES CCP Private sector Private firms Managers National Sectional ES CIG Economy All employers All occupations Galicia Sectional ES CSI-F Public sector Public firms All occupations National Sectional ES ELA-STV Economy All employers All occupations Paìs Vasco Sectional ES UGT Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide ES USO Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide FI AKAVA Economy All employers University graduates National Sectional FI SAK Economy All employers Blue-collar workers National Sectional FI STTK Economy All employers White-collar workers National Sectional FR CFDT Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide FR CFE-CGC Economy All employers Managers National Sectional FR CFTC Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide FR CGT Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide FR CGT-FO Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide FR UNSA Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide EL ADEDY Public sector Public employers Civil servants National Sectional EL EASE Economy All employers Managers National Sectional EL EEDE Economy All employers Managers National Sectional EL GSEE Private and semi-public sectors Private and semi-public firms Private employees, including in public-owned companies National Sectional HR HUS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HR MATICA Public sector (mainly) All employers All occupations National Sectional HR NHS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HR SSSH Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HR URSH Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HU ASZSZ Private sector Private firms All occupations National Sectional HU ÉSZT Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HU Liga Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide HU MSZOSZ Private sector Private firms All occupations National Sectional HU Munkástanácsok Private sector Private firms All occupations National Sectional HU SZEF Public sector Public firms All occupations National Sectional IE ICTU Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Cgil Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Cida Economy All employers Managers National Sectional IT Cisal Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Cisl Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT CIU Unionquadri Economy All employers Managers National Sectional IT Confedir Public sector Public employers Managers National Sectional IT Confsal Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Cuq Private sector Medium and large firms Managers National Sectional IT Ugl Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Uil Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Usae Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide IT Usb Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LT LDF Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LT LPS ‘Solidarumas’ Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LT LPSK Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LU LCGB Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LU OGB-L Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide LU CGFP Public sector Central and local administrations Civil servants and public employees National Sectional LV LBAS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide MT CMTU Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide MT ForUM Service sectors All employers Certain occupations National Sectional MT GWU Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide NL CNV Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide NL FNV Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide NL MHP-De Unie Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PL FZZ Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PL NSZZ Solidarność Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PL OPZZ Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PT CGTP-IN Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PT UGT Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide PT USI Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide RO BNS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide RO CNS ‘Cartel Alfa’ Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide RO CNSLR Frăţia Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide RO CSDR Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide RO CSN Meridian Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SE Ledarna Economy All employers White-collar workers National Sectional SE LO Economy All employers Blue-collar workers National Sectional SE SACO Economy All employers Graduate workers National Sectional SE TCO Economy All employers White-collar workers National Sectional SI KNSS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SI Konfederacija ’90 Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SI KSJS Public sector Public employers All occupations National Sectional SI PERGAM Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SI Solidarnost Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SI Združenje Manager Economy All employers Managers National Sectional SI ZSSS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SK KOZ SR Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SK NKOS Economy All employers All occupations National Economy-wide SK VSOZ Public sector Public employers All occupations National Sectional UK MPA Various sectors All employers Managers National Sectional UK NIC ICTU Economy All employers All occupations Regional Sectional UK STUC Economy All employers All occupations Regional Sectional UK TUC Economy All employers All occupations Regional Sectional * ‘Economy-wide’ refers to all-encompassing representational domains, that is including both the private sector and the public sector Source: EIRO (2013) Organisation CI RD MS CB CI CB Cons. Tripartite Bipartite Members EU affiliations AT ÖGB Yes Yes Yes Yes No No n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES AT WdF Yes No No No : : 3,000 CEC BE CGSLB- ACLVB Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 274,000 ETUC, UNI Europa, EUROCADRES BE CNC-NCK No Yes No No : : 12,000 CEC BE CSC/ACV Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1,182,304 ETUC, EUROCADRES BE FGTB-ABVV Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1,517,538 ETUC, EUROCADRES BG CITUB Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 275,762 ETUC, EUROCADRES BG Podkrepa CL Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 88,329 ETUC, EUROCADRES CY DEOK Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 9,407 ETUC CY PEO Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 83,132 None CY SEK Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 70,322 ETUC CZ ASO ČR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 150,000 None CZ ČMKOS Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 407,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES DE dbb Tarifunion Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No n.a. CESI DE DGB Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 0 n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES DE ULA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 54,000 CEC DK AC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES, EPSU, UNI Europa DK FTF Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 360,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES DK LH Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 97,000 CEC DK LO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No n.a. ETUC, NFS (Council of Nordic Trade Unions) EE EAKL Yes Yes Yes Yes No No 30,190 ETUC, BASTUN EE TALO Yes Yes Yes Yes No No 3,143 ETUC, BASTUN, NFS, BTUC ES CCOO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 1,150,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES ES CCP No Yes No Yes No : 20,220 CEC ES CIG Yes Yes No Yes Yes : 74,000 n.a. ES CSI-F No Yes Yes Yes No No n.a. CESI ES ELA-STV Yes Yes No Yes Yes : 109,318 ETUC ES UGT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 1,200,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES ES USO No Yes No No : : n.a. ETUC FI AKAVA Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 430,000 ETUC, NFS, EUROCADRES FI SAK Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 728,000 ETUC, NFS, EUROCADRES FI STTK Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 383,818 ETUC, NFS, EUROCADRES FR CFDT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 863,674 ETUC, EUROCADRES FR CFE-CGC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 115,000 CEC FR CFTC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 142,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES FR CGT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 685,695 ETUC, EUROCADRES FR CGT-FO Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 300,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES FR UNSA Yes Yes No No No No 360,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES EL ADEDY Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 450,000 ETUC, EPSU EL EASE No No No No : : 471 CEC EL EEDE No No No No : : n.a. CEC EL GSEE Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 470,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES HR HUS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 56,442 None HR MATICA Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 64,000 None HR NHS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 117,000 ETUC HR SSSH Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 110,000 ETUC HR URSH Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 35,000 None HU ASZSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes No No 70,000 ETUC HU ÉSZT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 52,300 ETUC, EUROCADRES HU Liga Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 112,000 ETUC HU MSZOSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 125,000 ETUC HU Munkástanácsok Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 50,000 ETUC HU SZEF Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 92,000 ETUC IE ICTU Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 583,054 ETUC, EUROCADRES IT Cgil Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 2,650,528 ETUC, EUROCADRES IT Cida Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 117,000 CEC IT Cisal Yes Yes Yes Yes No No n.a. CESI IT Cisl Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1,990,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES IT CIU Unionquadri Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes n.a. n.a. IT Confedir Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes n.a. n.a. IT Confsal Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1,401,545 CESI IT Cuq Yes Yes No Yes No No 100,000 CEC IT Ugl Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes n.a. n.a. IT Uil Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 1,328,583 ETUC, EUROCADRES IT Usae Yes Yes Yes n.a. : : n.a. n.a. IT Usb Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes 250,000 None LT LDF Yes Yes No Yes Yes No n.a. ETUC, BASTUN LT LPS ‘Solidarumas’ Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 10,000 ETUC LT LPSK Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 56,700 ETUC LU LCGB Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 40,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES LU OGB-L Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 57,500 ETUC, EUROCADRES LU CGFP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 28,000 CESI LV LBAS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 99,284 ETUC, BTUC, BASTUN MT CMTU Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 26,896 ETUC MT ForUM Yes Yes No Yes Yes No n.a. ETUC MT GWU Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 37,488 ETUC, EUROCADRES NL CNV Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES NL FNV Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES NL MHP-De Unie Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes n.a. ETUC, EUROCADRES PL FZZ Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 300,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES PL NSZZ Solidarność Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 562,226 ETUC, EUROCADRES PL OPZZ Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 792,503 ETUC PT CGTP-IN Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 555,500 ETUC, EUROCADRES PT UGT Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 520,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES PT USI Yes Yes No No : : n.a. CESI RO BNS Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 254,527 ETUC RO CNS ‘Cartel Alfa’ Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 301,785 ETUC, EUROCADRES RO CNSLR Frăţia Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 306,486 ETUC, EUROCADRES RO CSDR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 200,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES RO CSN Meridian Yes Yes No Yes Yes No 320,204 CESI SE Ledarna Yes Yes No Yes No No 89,700 CEC SE LO Yes Yes No Yes No No 1,500,000 ETUC, NFS SE SACO Yes Yes No Yes No No 475,274 ETUC, EUROCADRES SE TCO Yes Yes No Yes No No 968,866 ETUC, EUROCADRES SI KNSS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No n.a. None SI Konfederacija ’90 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 25,000 None SI KSJS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 74,000 None SI PERGAM Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 72,000 ETUC: indirectly through UNI Europa, IndusriALL SI Solidarnost Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No n.a. None SI Združenje Manager No Yes No Yes No No 1,200 CEC SI ZSSS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 250,000 ETUC SK KOZ SR Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 300,000 ETUC SK NKOS Yes Yes Yes No : : 11,000 None SK VSOZ Yes Yes Yes No : : 5,400 Eurofedop UK MPA Yes Yes No No : : n.a. CEC UK NIC ICTU Yes Yes No Yes No No 215,000 ETUC: indirectly through ICTU UK STUC Yes Yes No Yes No No 632,253 None UK TUC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 6,000,000 ETUC, EUROCADRES Notes: CI RD = Cross-industry representational domain; the union represents workers in at least two sectors or more; MS CB = multi sector collective bargaining; the union takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two sectors or more CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining; the union participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining; Cons. = Consultation. Source: EIRO (2013) Organisation Sectors Employers Territory Domain* AT WKO Private sector except agriculture, energy supply and liberal professions Private firms National Sectional AT IV Industry Private firms National Sectional AT VÖWG Services of General Interest Services of General Interest firms National Sectional BE FEB/VBO Private sector Private firms National Encompassing BE UCM Private sector SMEs and self-employed Regional (Bruxelles and Wallonie) Sectional BE UNIZO Private sector SMEs Regional (Brusseles and Flanders) Sectional BE UNISOC Non-profit sector Non-profit firms National Sectional BE UNIPSO Non-profit sector Non-profit firms Regional (Wallonie, French- and German-speaking communities) Sectional BG BIA Private sector Private firms and SMEs National Encompassing BG BICA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing BG CEIBG Private sector Cooperatives and SMEs National Sectional BG BCCI Private sector Private firms and SMEs National Encompassing BG UPEE Private sector SMEs National Sectional CY CCCI Private sector Private firms National Encompassing CY OEB Private sector Private firms National Encompassing CZ SP ČR Private sector excluding culture, education, health services, construction, textile and leather industries Private firms National Sectional CZ KZPS ČR Private and public sectors, weak in industry Private firms, public administrations, cooperatives National Sectional CZ AMSP-ČR Private sector, except retail, tourism (hotels, restaurants, etc.), manufacturing of food and drinks Private firms National Sectional CZ HK ČR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing DE BDA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing DE ZDH and UDH Crafts Crafts firms National Sectional DE bvöd Public service sector Public service employers National Sectional DE TdL Local government sector Local governments National Sectional DE VKA Local government sector Local governments National Sectional DK DA Private non-financial sector Private firms National Sectional DK Moderniseringsstyrelsen State sector Central administrations National Sectional DK KL Local government sector Local governments National Sectional DK Danske Regioner Local government sector Local governments National Sectional DK HVR Private sector SMEs National Sectional EE ETTK Private sector Private firms National Encompassing EE ESIA Private service sector Private firms National Sectional EE EVEA Private sector Firms employing up to 250 people National Sectional EE ECCI Private sector Private firms National Encompassing EE ESEA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing ES CEOE Private sector Private firms, except SMEs National Sectional ES CEPYME Private sector SMEs National Sectional ES CEAT Private sector Self-employed National Sectional ES PIMEC Private sector SMEs Catalunya Sectional ES PIMEB Private sector SMEs Balearic Islands Sectional FI EK Private sector Private firms National Encompassing FI KT Local government sector Local governments National Sectional FI VTML State sector Central administrations National Sectional FI SY/FFE Private sector SMEs National Sectional FI KiT Religious ONGs Lutherian Church of Finland National Sectional FR MEDEF Private sector Private firms National Encompassing FR CGPME Private sector SMEs National Sectional FR UPA Private sector Crafts firms National Sectional FR UNAPL Private sector Liberal professions National Sectional FR APCMA Private sector Crafts firms National Sectional FR CEEP France Multi-sector (local public firms, social housing firms, public utilities, services of general interest) All firms National Sectional EL SEV Private sector Private firms National Encompassing EL GSEVEE Private sector Crafts firms National Sectional EL KEDEO Services of General Interest Services of General Interest firms National Sectional HR HUP Private sector Private firms National Encompassing HR HOK Crafts sector Crafts firms National Sectional HU ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ Private services Private firms National Sectional HU KISZOSZ Commerce and HORECA SMEs and self-employed National Sectional HU OKISZ Agriculture and mining Domestic private firms National Sectional HU IPOSZ Crafts and services SMEs and individual entrepreneurs National Sectional HU MGYOSZ Private sector, except agriculture Private firms National Sectional HU STRATOSZ Public utilities Large firms National Sectional HU VOSZ Private sector Private firms National Encompassing IE IBEC Private sector Private firms National Encompassing IE SFA Private sector SMEs National Sectional IE ISME Private sector SMEs National Sectional IT Aran Public sector Public employers National Encompassing IT Confindustria Private sector Private firms National Encompassing IT Confapi Private sector SMEs National Sectional IT Confesercenti Private service sector Private firms National Sectional IT Confcommercio Private service sector Private firms National Sectional IT Confartigianato Crafts sector SMEs National Sectional IT Cna Crafts sector SMEs National Sectional IT Claai Crafts sector SMEs National Sectional IT Casartigiani Crafts sector SMEs National Sectional IT Agci Private sector Cooperatives National Sectional IT Legacoop Private sector Cooperatives National Sectional IT Confcooperative Private sector Cooperatives National Sectional IT Unci Private sector Cooperatives National Sectional IT Federterziario Private sector Private firms National Encompassing IT Confservizi Local public services Local public service firms National Sectional LT LPK Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LT LVDK Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LT LPPARA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LU UEL Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LU Fedil Private manufacturing and service sectors Private firms National Sectional LU FDA Craft and service sectors Private firms National Sectional LU CDM Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LU clc Commerce and services Private firms National Sectional LV LDDK Private sector Private firms National Encompassing LV LAK Crafts sector Crafts firms National Sectional MT MEA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing MT MCCEI Private sector Private firms National Encompassing MT GRTU Private service sector SMEs and self-employed National Sectional NL VNO-NCW Private sector Private firms National Encompassing NL MKB-Nederland Private sector SMEs National Sectional NL VNG Public sector Municipalities National Sectional PL PKPP-Lewiatan Private sector Private firms National Encompassing PL Pracodawcy RP Private sector Private firms National Encompassing PL ZP BCC Private sector Private firms National Encompassing PL ZRP Crafts sector Crafts firms National Sectional PT CIP Private sector Private firms National Encompassing PT CCP Private service sector Private firms National Sectional PT CEEP-Portugal Services of General Interest Services of General Interest firms National Sectional PT AIP-CCI Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO PR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO UGIR 1903 Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CONPIROM Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO UNPR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CNPR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO ACPR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CNIPMMR Private sector SMEs National Sectional RO UGIR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CoNPR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO PNR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CPISC Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO UNPCPR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO CP CONCORDIA Private sector Private firms National Encompassing RO FNPSPR Public service sector Public service employers National Sectional SE Svenskt Näringsliv Private sector Private firms National Encompassing SE Företagarna Private sector Private firms National Encompassing SE SALAR Local government sector Local governments National Sectional SE KFS Local enterprise sector, except health Private firms National Sectional SE SAGE State sector Central administrations National Sectional SE Pacta Private sector, excluding manufacturing, agri-food, retail, finance, HORECA Private firms National Sectional SI GZS Private sector Private firms National Encompassing SI OZS Private sector SMEs and crafts National Sectional SI ZDOPS Private sector SMEs and crafts National Sectional SI ZDS Private sector Private firms National Encompassing SK AZZZ SR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing SK RÚZ SR Private sector Private firms National Encompassing UK CBI Private sector Private firms National Encompassing UK CEEP UK Services of General Interest Services of General Interest firms National Sectional UK FSB Private sector SMEs National Sectional UK FPB Private sector SMEs Regional Sectional *’Encompassing’ refers to representational domains including either the whole private sector or the whole public sector Source: EIRO (2013) Organisation CI RD MS CB CI CB Consultation Tripartite Bipartite AT WKO Yes Yes Yes Yes No No AT IV Yes No No Yes No No AT VÖWG Yes No No Yes No No BE FEB/VBO Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes BE UCM Yes Yes No Yes No Yes BE UNIZO Yes Yes No Yes No Yes BE UNISOC No Yes No Yes No Yes BE UNIPSO No Yes No Yes No Yes BG BIA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No BG BICA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No BG CEIBG Yes Yes No Yes Yes No BG BCCI Yes Yes No Yes Yes No BG UPEE No Yes No Yes No No CY CCCI Yes Yes No Yes Yes No CY OEB Yes Yes No Yes Yes No CZ SP ČR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No CZ KZPS ČR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No CZ AMSP-ČR Yes Yes No Yes No No CZ HK ČR No Yes No Yes No No DE BDA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No DE ZDH and UDH Yes Yes No Yes Yes No DE bvöd Yes Yes No Yes No No DE TdL Yes Yes Yes No : : DE VKA Yes Yes Yes Yes No No DK DA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No DK Moderniseringsstyrelsen Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No DK KL Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No DK Danske Regioner Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No DK HVR Yes No No Yes Yes No EE ETTK Yes Yes Yes Yes No No EE ESIA Yes Yes No Yes No No EE EVEA No Yes No Yes No No EE ECCI No Yes No Yes No No EE ESEA No Yes No Yes No No ES CEOE Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No ES CEPYME Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No ES CEAT No Yes No n.a. : : ES PIMEC Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes : ES PIMEB Yes Yes No n.a. : : FI EK Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FI KT Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FI VTML Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FI SY/FFE Yes No No Yes Yes No FI KiT No No Yes Yes Yes No FR MEDEF Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FR CGPME Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FR UPA Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No FR UNAPL Yes No No Yes Yes No FR APCMA Yes Yes No Yes No No FR CEEP France Yes Yes No Yes Yes No EL SEV Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No EL GSEVEE Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No EL KEDEO No No No No : : HR HUP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No HR HOK Yes Yes No Yes No No HU ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No HU KISZOSZ No Yes Yes Yes No No HU OKISZ Yes Yes Yes Yes No No HU IPOSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes No No HU MGYOSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No HU STRATOSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes No No HU VOSZ Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No IE IBEC Yes Yes No Yes Yes No IE SFA No No No Yes No No IE ISME Yes No No No : : IT Aran Yes Yes Yes No : : IT Confindustria Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Confapi Yes Yes Yes Yes No No IT Confesercenti Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Confcommercio Yes Yes Yes Yes No No IT Confartigianato Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Cna Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Claai Yes Yes Yes n.a. : : IT Casartigiani Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Agci Yes Yes Yes Yes No No IT Legacoop Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Confcooperative Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes IT Unci Yes Yes No n.a. : : IT Federterziario Yes Yes No n.a. : : IT Confservizi Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes LT LPK Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LT LVDK Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LT LPPARA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LU UEL Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LU Fedil Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LU FDA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LU CDM Yes Yes No Yes Yes No LV LDDK Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No LV LAK Yes No No No : : LU clc Yes Yes No Yes Yes No MT MEA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No MT MCCEI Yes No No Yes Yes No MT GRTU Yes No No Yes Yes No NL VNO-NCW Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes NL MKB-Nederland Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes NL VNG No No No Yes No No PL PKPP-Lewiatan Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PL Pracodawcy RP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PL ZP BCC Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PL ZRP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PT CIP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PT CCP Yes Yes No Yes Yes No PT CEEP-Portugal Yes No No No : : PT AIP-CCI Yes Yes No No : : RO PR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO UGIR 1903 Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CONPIROM Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO UNPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CNPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO ACPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CNIPMMR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO UGIR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CoNPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO PNR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CPISC Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO UNPCPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO CP CONCORDIA Yes Yes No Yes Yes No RO FNPSPR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No SE Svenskt Näringsliv Yes Yes No Yes No No SE Företagarna Yes No No Yes No No SE SALAR Yes Yes No Yes No No SE KFS Yes Yes No Yes No No SE SAGE Yes Yes No Yes No No SE Fastigo No No No No : : SE Pacta Yes Yes No No : : SI GZS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No SI OZS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No SI ZDOPS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No SI ZDS Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No SK AZZZ SR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No SK RÚZ SR Yes Yes No Yes Yes No UK CBI Yes Yes No Yes Yes No UK CEEP UK Yes Yes No Yes No No UK FSB Yes Yes No Yes No No UK FPB Yes Yes No Yes No No Notes: CI RD = Cross-industry representational domain; the employer association represents firms in at least two sectors or more; MS CB = multi sector collective bargaining; the employer association takes part directly or through its affiliates in collective bargaining in at least two sectors or more; CI CB = cross-industry collective bargaining; the employer association participates directly in cross-industry collective bargaining Source: EIRO (2013) Organisation Membership Member firms Employees covered EU affiliations AT WKO Mandatory 439,477 2,257,417 UEAPME, Eurochambres AT IV Voluntary 4,200 n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE AT VÖWG Voluntary 110 100,000 CEEP BE FEB/VBO Voluntary 50,000 2,000,000 BUSINESSEUROPE BE UCM Voluntary 70,000 n.a. UEAPME BE UNIZO Voluntary 87,500 n.a. UEAPME BE UNISOC Voluntary 27,428 659,454 CEEP BE UNIPSO Voluntary 9,000 190,000 CEEP BG BIA Voluntary 13,082 644,723 BUSINESSEUROPE BG BICA Voluntary 6,616 335,085 CEEP BG CEIBG Voluntary 5,336 504,984 None BG BCCI Voluntary 21,977 665,714 AECCI BG UPEE Voluntary 4,646 152,840 UEAPME CY CCCI Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME, Eurochambres, Eurocommerce CY OEB Voluntary 6,000 130,000 BUSINESSEUROPE CZ SP ČR Voluntary 1,550 800,000 BUSINESSEUROPE CZ KZPS ČR Voluntary 23,000 982,000 None CZ AMSP-ČR Voluntary 254,000 240,000 None (formerly UEAPME, affiliation terminated as for 31/12/2012) CZ HK ČR Voluntary 14,000 n.a. None (formerly UEAPME, affiliation terminated as for 31/12/2012) DE BDA Voluntary 1,000,000 20,000,000 BUSINESSEUROPE DE ZDH and UDH Voluntary 1,150,000 5,100,000 UEAPME DE bvöd Voluntary 6,000 500,000 CEEP DE TdL Voluntary 15 750,000 CEEP DE VKA Voluntary 100,000 2,280,000 CEEP DK DA Voluntary 25,000 771,000 BUSINESSEUROPE DK Moderniseringsstyrelsen Mandatory 1,400 184,000 CEEP DK KL Mandatory 98 524,000 CEEP, CEMR, CLRAE DK Danske Regioner Mandatory 5 139,000 CEEP, CEMR, CLRAE, HOPE, HOSPEEM, Council of Europe (Local and Regional Authorities) DK HVR Voluntary 20,000 n.a. UEAPME EE ETTK Voluntary 1,500 145,000 BUSINESSEUROPE EE ESIA Voluntary 200 14,000 None EE EVEA Voluntary 1,000 n.a. UEAPME EE ECCI Voluntary 3,200 n.a. n.a. EE ESEA Voluntary n.a. n.a. n.a. ES CEOE Voluntary 1,200,000 12,000,000 BUSINESSEUROPE ES CEPYME Voluntary 1,200,000 n.a. UEAPME ES CEAT Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME ES PIMEC Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME ES PIMEB Voluntary 8,920 37,353 UEAPME FI EK Voluntary 16,000 950,000 BUSINESSEUROPE FI KT Mandatory 481 441,000 CEEP, CEMR-EP, HOSPEEM, EFEE FI VTML Mandatory 140 83,000 CEEP, Nordic Council FI SY/FFE Voluntary 115,000 450,000 UEAPME FI KiT Mandatory 300 21,000 CEEP FR MEDEF Voluntary 780,000 n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE FR CGPME Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME FR UPA Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME FR UNAPL Voluntary n.a. n.a. CEPLIS FR APCMA Mandatory 1,069,000 3,100,000 UEAPME FR CEEP France Voluntary 32 n.a. CEEP EL SEV Voluntary n.a. n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE EL GSEVEE Voluntary 120,000 250,000 UEAPME EL KEDEO Voluntary 31 n.a. CEEP HR HUP Voluntary 5,584 394,739 BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME HR HOK Mandatory 83,714 188,871 UEAPME HU ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ Voluntary 8,300 n.a. Eurocoop HU KISZOSZ Voluntary 40,000 250,000 UEAPME HU OKISZ Voluntary 1,951 27,415 UEAPME HU IPOSZ Voluntary 60,000 200,000 UEAPME HU MGYOSZ Voluntary 6,000 1,200,000 BUSINESSEUROPE HU STRATOSZ Voluntary 10,000 100,000 CEEP HU VOSZ Voluntary 53,000 n.a. Eurocommerce IE IBEC Voluntary 7,500 n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE IE SFA Voluntary 8,000 n.a. UEAPME IE ISME Voluntary 8,750 n.a. UEAPME IT Aran Mandatory 20,000 2,700,000 CEEP, EFEE, HOSPEEM IT Confindustria Voluntary 149,288 5,516,975 BUSINESSEUROPE IT Confapi Voluntary 120,000 2,300,000 UEAPME IT Confesercenti Voluntary 352,666 600,000 UEAPME IT Confcommercio Voluntary 700,000 2,800,000 Eurocommerce IT Confartigianato Voluntary 700,000 n.a. UEAPME IT Cna Voluntary 371,000 2,000,000 UEAPME IT Claai Voluntary n.a. n.a. n.a. IT Casartigiani Voluntary n.a. n.a. n.a. IT Agci Voluntary 7,832 91,000 Cooperatives Europe, CECOP IT Legacoop Voluntary 15,000 n.a. Cooperatives Europe, CECOP IT Confcooperative Voluntary 20,358 544,400 Cooperatives Europe, CECOP IT Unci Voluntary n.a. n.a. n.a. IT Federterziario Voluntary n.a. n.a. n.a. IT Confservizi Voluntary 843 189,000 CEEP LT LPK Voluntary 2,105 169,000 BUSINESSEUROPE LT LVDK Voluntary 1,800 n.a. UEAPME LT LPPARA Voluntary 1,500 132,000 Eurochambres LU UEL Voluntary n.a. n.a. Not applicable* LU Fedil Voluntary 550 110,000 BUSINESSEUROPE LU FDA Voluntary 2,700 n.a. UEAPME LU CDM Mandatory 6,000 80,000 UEAPME LU clc Voluntary 11,000 60,000 None LV LDDK Voluntary 5,000 255,000 BUSINESSEUROPE LV LAK Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME MT MEA Voluntary 400 50,000 CEEP MT MCCEI Voluntary 1,300 35,000 BUSINESSEUROPE, Eurochambres MT GRTU Voluntary 7,973 n.a. UEAPME NL VNO-NCW Voluntary 115,000 4,300,000 BUSINESSEUROPE NL MKB-Nederland Voluntary 150,000 n.a. UEAPME NL VNG Voluntary 508 170,000 CEEP, CEMR PL PKPP-Lewiatan Voluntary 3,700 750,000 BUSINESSEUROPE PL Pracodawcy RP Voluntary 7,500 4,000,000 CEEP PL ZP BCC Voluntary 716 353,804 None PL ZRP Voluntary n.a. 700,000 UEAPME PT CIP Voluntary 80,000 1,000,000 BUSINESSEUROPE PT CCP Voluntary 200,000 1,200,000 Eurocommerce PT CEEP-Portugal Voluntary 30 n.a. CEEP PT AIP-CCI Voluntary n.a. n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE, UEAPME RO PR Voluntary 2,329 303,431 None RO UGIR 1903 Voluntary n.a. n.a. CEEP RO CONPIROM Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO UNPR Voluntary n.a. n.a. None (formerly partner of SME Union, now disbanded) RO CNPR Voluntary 6,513 n.a. None RO ACPR Voluntary n.a. n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE RO CNIPMMR Voluntary n.a. n.a. UEAPME RO UGIR Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO CoNPR Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO PNR Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO CPISC Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO UNPCPR Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO CP CONCORDIA Voluntary n.a. n.a. None RO FNPSPR Voluntary n.a. n.a. CEEP SE Svenskt Näringsliv Voluntary 60,000 1,700,000 BUSINESSEUROPE SE Företagarna Voluntary 70,000 320,000 UEAPME SE SALAR Voluntary 310 1,000,000 CEEP, CEMR-EP, HOSPEEM, EFEE SE KFS Voluntary 578 32,300 CEEP SE SAGE Mandatory 250 250,000 CEEP, EFEE SE Pacta Voluntary 590 52,000 CEEP SI GZS Voluntary 9,600 200,000 Eurochambres SI OZS Voluntary 51,651 96,880 UEAPME SI ZDOPS Voluntary 20,000 97,000 None SI ZDS Voluntary 1,400 n.a. BUSINESSEUROPE SK AZZZ SR Voluntary 5,000 330,000 None SK RÚZ SR Voluntary 1,300 230,000 BUSINESSEUROPE UK CBI Voluntary 240,000 7,000,000 BUSINESSEUROPE UK CEEP UK Voluntary 22 5,000,000 CEEP UK FSB Voluntary 200,000 1,120,000 European Small Business Alliance UK FPB Voluntary 18,000 150,000 None (formerly part of UEAPME) Note: *Since June 2000, UEL has included a number of employer associations covering the private sector including clc, Fedil, FDA and CDM. The other members of UEL are sectoral organisations (Association des Banques et Banquiers Luxembourg, ABBL; Association des Compagnies d’Assurances, A.C.A; Fédération Nationale des Hôteliers, Restaurateurs et Cafetiers du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg (Horesca) and the Chamber of Commerce. UEL is involved in cross-industry social dialogue and can sign agreements at cross-industry level, including transposition of European Directives and European framework agreements signed by the EU-level social partners. For instance, UEL signed cross-industry agreements on harassment and violence at work (2009), on telework (2011) and on inclusive labour markets (2012) Source: EIRO (2013) Private sector Public sector Economy-wide Notes AT Rare. Signatories: WKO and OGB. Framework agreements. Signatories: sectoral sections of WKO and union federations National general agreements (Generalkollektivverträge) can be concluded on very specific issues between the WKO and the OGB. They are extremely rare and they concern very important issues, for instance, the reduction of the working week to 40 hours in 1969 or the calculation of vacation pay upon the implementation of the Holiday Act in 1978). They cover in practice all of the private sector. In addition, framework agreements (Rahmenkollektivverträge) can be signed at intersectoral level for sectors with large similarities, for instance for the whole manufacturing sector, and they set basic terms of employment which can then be supplemented and specified by industry level deals (Zusatzkollektivverträge). However, they are signed by the sectoral union federations and the WKO subsections, rather than by the peak organisations directly BE Biennial negotiations on wage issues. Signatories: FEB/VBO, Boerenbond, and CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC/ACV No No Every two years, social partners negotiate the cross-sectoral agreements in which, wage issues are discussed. The Government implements it within the Belgian law. The latest cross-sectoral negotiations for 2011-2012 failed and no agreement was reached between the parties. As a consequence, the government proceeded unilaterally, by taking into considerations the Social Partners' positions emerged during the negotiations BG Minimum wages are negotiate annually within the NTC, but the final decision pertains to the government No No Minimum wages are negotiate annually within the NTC, but the final decision pertains to the government DE No Yes, in the public sector. Signatories: VKA and ver.di and Dbb Tarifunion; TdL and ver.di, GEW, GdP, Dbb Tarifiunion (federal states except Hesse covered by a separate agreement) No DK No Yes, in the public sector. KTO is a bargaining association made prevalently of unions affiliated to FTF and some independent organisations, including LH. Signatories: Moderniseringsstyrelsen and CFU (State); KL and KTO, KL and Sundhedskartellet (Local administrations); Danish Regions and KTO, AC, SHK, and FOA (Regions); Moderniseringsstyrelsen, KL, Danish Regions and AC (Academic graduates) No EE Yes, on minimum wage. Signatories: ETTK and EAKL Yes, on minimum wage. Signatories: TALO and The Ministry of Culture (for culture workers) The National minimum wage agreement is signed annually since 1992. Culture workers are covered by an additional agreement since 2011 ES Yes. Signatories: CEOE, CEPYME, CCOO and UGT Yes, in the public sector. Signatories: The government, CCOO, UGT and CSI-F General framework agreements signed since 2010 for the whole private sector which include wage guidelines. Both national and territorial (comunidades). Territorial agreements are on qualitative elements and must respect national ones. Public sector agreements are inter-sectoral as they cover multiple NACE sectors FI Yes. Signatories: EK, KT, VTML, KiT and SAK, STTK, AKAVA The central framework agreement (FA) covers almost the whole Finnish economy (some 94% of employees). Construction is excluded FR Yes. Signatories include: CGT, FO, CFDT, CFTC, CFE-CGC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA National agreements on different issues: sécurisation professionnelle (2011), supplementary pensions (2011), generation contract (2012), partial unemployment (2012). Bargaining parties vary with the different agreement EL Yes.National General Collective Agreement (NGCA, or EGSEE). Since 2013, the wage conditions set in the NGCA cover only the signatory parties, whereas the non-wage elements cover all workers. SEV did not sign the 2013 agreement and does not consider it as a National General Collective Agreement. SEV was party to the former NGCAs.Signatories: GSEE, GSEVEE, ESEE, SETE Since 2013, a new law introduced legal minimum wages which apply to workers not covered by the NGCA The legal minimum wage is set by the government after consultation with the social partners. HR Yes. Signatories: Government and trade unions General Collective Agreement for Employees in the Public Service 2012-2016 HU Yes. Signatories: AMSZ, ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ, IPOSZ, KISOSZ, OKISZ, MOSZ, MGYOSZ, STRATOSZ, VOSZ, ASZSZ, ÉSZT, LIGA, MSZOSZ, Munkástanácsok, SZEF Agreement on minimum wages IE Public service agreement 2010-2014. Parties: ICTU, the Government, Public sector management IT Yes. Signatories: Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Ugl, Cisal, Confsal, Sin.Pa, Confindustria, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Confapi, Confservizi, Confetra, Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Claai, Confagricoltura, Coldiretti, Cia, Confcooperative, Agci, CIU Unionquadri, Confail, Confprofessioni Yes. Signatories: Aran, Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Cida, Cisal, Confsal, Rdb Cub (Usb), Confedir, Usae Yes. Signatories include for the private sector: Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Confindustria, Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Claai, Confapi, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Legacoop, Confcooperative, Unci, Agci, CIU Unionquadri, Confedir; for the public sector: Aran, Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Cida, Cisal, Confsal, Rdb Cub (Usb), Confedir, Usae An economy-wide agreement was signed in January 2009 experimental reform of the bargaining structure. Different intersectoral deals were signed on various issues, such as the application of the collective bargaining reform, representativeness (2011 and 2013), and productivity (2012). Signatories vary according to the sectors involved (See Table D2 for details) LU Yes. Signatories: UEL, LCGB, OGBL No No The agreements can concern the definition of specific rules on employment relations or the transposition of European directives as well as the implementation of European voluntary agreements: framework agreement on inclusive labour markets (2012), Agreement on telework (2011), Agreement on harassment and violence at work (2009), Agreement on individual access to continuing vocational training (2003) LV Yes. Signatories: LDDK, LBAS, the Government (social partnership); LDDK, LBAS (competitiveness and social peace) Yes. Signatories: LDDK, LBAS, the Government Agreements on socio-economic partnership (2004), on cooperation in creating favourable economic environment and social peace (2011), on minimum wages (but in this case the final decision is in the hands of the Government) MT Yes. Signatories: Government, GWU, MUMN, MAM, MUPP, MUT, UHM, UPISP Agreement for the public sector (2011-2016) SI Yes. Signatories for minimum wages: Government; Trade unions: ZSSS, KSJS, Pergam, Konfederacija90, KNSS, Solidarnost, SZS Alternativa; Employers: GZS, OZS, ZDS, TZS and ZDOPS. Signatories for SMEs: ZSSS and ZDOPS, SODS-ZSSS and PTZ-GZS Yes. Signatories: Government and 21 trade unions Agreement on minimum wage; Intersectoral agreement for civil service; Intersectoral agreements for SMEs Source: EIRO (2013) Type Name and years covered) National/Territorial Covered sectors, occupations, undertakings Bargaining parties Number of employees covered BE Economy-wide Cross-sectoral framework agreements National All sectors FEB /VBO, Boerenbond, CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC/ACV All employees DE Inter-sectoral TVöD National Municipalities. Public administration; air ports, waste disposal care facilities, hospitals, social and educational services, savings banks are covered by TVöD supplements VKA, ver.di, German Teachers’ Union, Dbb Tarifunion 2,017,000 employees at municipal level DE Inter-sectoral TV-L Federal states (Bundeslaender) apart from Hesse and Berlin, which are covered by special agreements (TV-B, TV-H) Public employees; teachers and employees in care services are covered by special agreements TdL, ver.di, GEW, GdP, Dbb Tarifunion 700,000 DK Inter-sector CFU forling 2011-2013 (State Agreement) National State sector: central administration, police, defence, judicial system, Labour Court, universities, etc. Moderniseringsstyrelsen i.e. the state employer’s authority under the Ministry of Finance and the Danish Central Federation of State Employees’ Organisations, CFU 184,000 DK Inter-sector KTO forling 2011-2013 (Local government agreement) National Local government sector: municipal primary and lower secondary school, health care, social services, administration, local railways etc. Local Government Denmark, KL, and the Association of Local Government Employees' Organisations, KTO (including LH), and KL and the Health Cartel (Sundhedskartellet) – consisting of 11 unions in the health care sector, not members of KTO 524,000 DK Inter-sector Generelt forling 2011-2013 (Regional agreement) National Regional sector: hospitals, special education, environment, etc. Danish Regions and KTO, AC, SHK and FOA 139,000 DK Inter-sector AC-fællesoverenskomst i staten, i kommunerne og i regionerne 2011-2013 (Three joint, but individual, academic agreements in the state, local government and the regions respectively negotiated by AC on behalf of the member organisations) National State sector, Local government, Regions Moderniseringsstyrelsen and AC, KL and AC, Danish Regions and AC 86,000 EE Economy wide National minimum wage agreement (annually set since 1992) national All sectors ETTK and EAKL 557,700 employees EE Inter-sectoral National minimum wage agreement for culture workers (since 2001) national All sectors TALO and The Ministry of Culture n.a ES Economy-wide National agreement for employment and collective bargaining 2012-2014 National All employees covered by a collective agreement should be covered CEOE, CEPYME, CCOO and UGT 9,005,222 ES Inter-sector within public administration Agreement for the public workers National All public workers The government, CCOO, UGT and CSI-F FI Centralised national agreement, 25-month Framework Agreement (FA) National FA is covering almost all sectors (the construction sector is outside the FA); it is economy-wide agreement The Confederation of Finnish Industries (EK); KT Local government employers; State Employer’s Office, (VTML) and Church Employers (Kirkon työmarkkinalaitos, KiT; the Central Organisation of Finnish Trade Unions (SAK); the Finnish Confederation of Professionals (STTK) and the Confederation of Unions for Professional and Managerial Staff in Finland (AKAVA) FA is covering about 94% of Finnish employees FR Economy wide For a new economic and social model for the competitiveness of business and securing employment and career paths of employees – January, 2013 National Private sector CFDT, CFTC, CFE-CGC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA All employees, but this agreement shall be implemented by law to be generally binding FR Economy wide National agreement of 31 May 2011 relating to the contract for securing careers (‘contrat de sécurisation professionnelle’) National Private sector CGT, FO, CFDT, CFTC, CFE-CGC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA All employees FR Economy wide National agreement on partial unemployment of January 13, 2012 National Private sector FO, CFDT, CFTC, CFE-CGC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA All employees FR Economy wide National agreement on supplementary pensions of March 18, 2011 National Private sector CFDT, CFTC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA All employees FR Economy wide National agreement on the ‘contract of generation’ of October 19, 2012 National Private sector CGT, FO, CFDT, CFTC, CFE-CGC, MEDEF, CGPME, UPA All employees EL Economy wide NGCA (National General Collective Agreement) for 2010-2012 National All sectors, undertakings GSEE, SEV, GSEVEE, ESEE All employees EL Economy wide NGCA (National General Collective Agreement) of May 14, 2013 National All sectors, undertakings GSEE, GSEVEE, ESEE, SETE For wages, only the signatory parties; for non-wage conditions, all employees of affiliated signatory parties HR Inter-sectoral General Collective Agreement for Employees in Public Services, 2012-2016 The collective agreement is being implemented on the whole territory of Croatia Public service – health service, culture, social welfare, primary /secondary /higher education and science, state and local officials and employees Croatian Government and trade unions (Autonomous Trade Union in Health Service and Social Protection Service of Croatia, Croatian Union of Employees in Culture, Union of Employees in Social Welfare of Croatia, Croatian Doctor's Union, Independent Union of Employees in Croatian Health Insurance, Trade Union of State and Local Government Employees of Croatia 185,000 HU Economy wide Agreement on minimum wages, 2011 National All sectors, undertakings AMSZ, ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ, IPOSZ, KISOSZ, OKISZ, MOSZ, MGYOSZ, STRATOSZ, VOSZ, ASZSZ, ÉSZT, LIGA, MSZOSZ, Munkástanácsok, SZEF All employees HU Economy wide Wage increase agreed in VKF, but government has not decided it yet National All sectors, undertakings MGYOSZ, ÁFÉOSZ, VOSZ, LIGA, MSZOSZ, Munkástanácsok All employees IE Inter-sectoral Public Service Agreement 2010-2014 National Public sector Irish Congress of Trade Unions (Public Services Committee), Government, Public sector management Circa 380,000 IT Inter-sector Programmatic guidelines for the growth of competitiveness and productivity in Italy, 16 November 2012 National Private sector Cisl, Uil, Ugl, Confindustria, Abi, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Claai All private employees IT Inter-sector National framework agreements for public administration (2007-2008) National Public sector Aran, Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Cida, Cisal, Confsal, Rdb Cub (Usb), Confedir, Usae 3,400,000 IT Inter-sector Cross-sector on representativeness, 28 June 2011 and 31 May 2013 National Private sector Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Confindustria 5,000,000 IT Economy wide Agreement on collective bargaining reform, 22 January 2009. Implemented in the public sector through the agreement of 30 April 2009) National All sectors Cisl, Uil, Ugl, Cisal, Confsal, Sin.Pa, Confindustria, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Confapi, Confservizi, Confetra, Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Claai, Confagricoltura, Coldiretti, Cia, Confcooperative, Agci, CIU Unionquadri, Confail, Confprofessioni For the implementation in the public sector: Cisl, Uil, Cida, Cisal, Confedir, Confsal, Ugl, Usae All employees IT Inter-sector New bargaining system for artisans, 21 November 2008 National Artisan sector Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Claai, Cisl, Uil 1,600,000 IT Inter-sector Protocol regarding wage and employment policy, the bargaining system, labour policies and support of the production system, 23 July 1993 National Private sector Confindustria, Confapi, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Legacoop, Confcooperative, Cna, Casa, Claai, Confartigianato, Unci, Agci, Cgil, Cisl Uil, Cida, Unionquadri (ora CIU Unionquadri), Confedir All private employees LU Inter-sector Agreement on inclusive labour markets (Accord-cadre sur les marchés de travail inclusifs), 15 February 2012 National Private sector UEL, LCGB, OGBL All private employees LU Inter-sector Agreement on telework (Convention relative au régime juridique du télétravail), 15 July 2011 National Private sector UEL, LCGB, OGBL All private employees LU Inter-sector Agreement on harassment and violence at the workplace (Convention-cadre relative au harcèlement et à la violence au travail), 25 June 2009 National Private sector UEL, LCGB, OGBL All private employees LU Inter-sector Agreement on the access to professional training, Convention relative à l’accès individuel à la formation professionnelle continue, 2 May 2003 National Private sector UEL, LCGB, OGBL All private employees LV Economy wide Tripartite agreement on socio-economic partnership, (concluded on 1 October 2004) National All sectors, occupations and undertakings LDDK, LBAS, Government All employees LV Economy wide Agreement on cooperation in creation of favourable economic environment and social peace (general approach), August 2011 National All sectors, occupations and undertakings LDDK, LBAS All employees LV Economy wide Agreement on minimum wage in frameworks of national level social dialogue at NTSP (annual) National All sectors, occupations and undertakings LDDK, LBAS, Government All employees MT Inter -sector Collective Agreement for the Public sector, 2011-2016 National Public Service Government, General Workers Union (GWU), Malta Union of Midwives and Nurses (MUMN),Medical Association of Malta (MAM), Malta Union of Professional Psychologists (MUPP), Malta Union of Teachers (MUT), Malta Workers' Union (UHM),Union of Public Services Architects and Engineers (UPISP) 38,948 SI Economy wide Law on minimum wage 2010 National All Government; Trade unions: ZSSS, KSJS, Pergam, Konfederacija90, KNSS, Solidarnost, SZS Alternativa; Employers: GZS, OZS, ZDS, TZS and ZDOPS About 800,000 SI Inter-sectoral Civil service in Slovenia is covered by the intersectoral Collective Agreement for the Public Sector, concluded in June 2008. National All civil services in Slovenia are covered by the intersectoral Collective Agreement for the Public Sector and 7 sectoral collective agreements Government (Minister of Public Administration, MJU, and Minister of Finance, MF).and 21 trade unions: Police Trade Union of Slovenia (PSS),Trade Union of Customs Officials of Slovenia (SCS), Trade Union of the Government Agency of Slovenia (SVAS),Trade Union of State and Societal Bodies of Slovenia (SDDO), Trade Union of Health and Social Services of Slovenia (SZSVS), Trade Union of Health and Social Welfare (SZSSS), Social Insurance Trade Union (SSZS), Nursing Workers’ Trade Union of Slovenia (SDZNS), Trade Union of Justice Workers (SDP), Trade Union of Doctors and Dentists of Slovenia (FIDES), Trade Union of Culture of Slovenia (GLOSA), Association of Trade Unions in Health-Pergam, Trade Union of Professional Fireman of Slovenia (SPGS), Union of Pharmacists of Slovenia (SIFARM), Slovenian Union of Journalists (SNS), Union of Cultural and Artistic Creators of RTV Slovenia (SKUU RTVS), The Trade Union of Laboratory Medicine of Slovenia (SILMES), Trade Union of Veterinaries of Slovenia- KNSS, Trade Union of Social Work Centres-Pergam, Trade Union Confederation KS 90 and Union of Emitters of Slovenia (SSS) All employees SI SME The Collective Agreement for Craft and Business National Different activities, services, production, craft and business ZDOPS, ZSSS About 97,000 SI SME The Collective Agreement between Workers and Small Companies National 80 different activities commerce, production, services and other activities PTZ-GZS, SODS-ZSSS About 40,000 Source: EIRO (2013) Name of body and scope of activity Bipartite/Tripartite Trade unions Employer association BE Labour National Council (Conseil National du Travail - CNT/ Nationale Aarbeidsraad - NAR) Bipartite CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC /ACV FEB /VBO),UNIZO (Flanders) and UCM (Wallonia), Boerenbond BE Central Economic Council ( Conseil Central de l’Economie - CCE / Centrale Raad voor het Bedrijfsleven - CRB) Bipartite CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC /ACV , FEBECOOP + ARCOFIN FEB /VBO,UNIZO (Flanders) and UCM (Wallonia), Boerenbond, National Federation of Board of Trade and Industry in Belgium, Walloon Federation of Agriculture, Fédération Wallonne de l’agriculture, Het Boerenfront, UNISOC, Belgian Regal Company of Forest BE Group of Ten (Groupe des dix / Groep van Tien) Bipartite CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC /ACV FEB /VBO,UNIZO (Flanders) and UCM (Wallonia), Boerenbond and the Walloon Federation of Agriculture BE High Health and Safety Committee (Conseil Supérieur pour la Prévention et la Protection au Travail – CSPPT/ Hoge Raad voor Preventie en Bescherming op het Werk – HRPBW) Bipartite CGSLB/ACLVB, FGTB/ABVV, CSC /ACV FEB /VBO,UNIZO (Flanders) and UCM (Wallonia), Boerenbond and the UNISOC BG National Council for Tripartite Cooperation – labour and social security legislation, industrial relation regulation, wages and incomes and living standards, budget policy Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI BG National Council for Employment – discuses National Plans for Employment and measures for increasing employment Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI BG National Council for Vocational Education - discuss legislation and issues on vocational educations Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI BG National Council for Lifelong Learning - discuss legislation and issues on lifelong learning Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI BG National Council for Health and Safety in Work - discuss legislation on health and safety Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI BG National Council for Gender Equality - discuss issues on gender equality Tripartite CITUB, Podkrepa CL BIA, CEIBG, BICA, BCCI CY Labour Advisory Board (LAB) Tripartite DEOK, PEO, SEK CCCI, OEB CY Social Insurance Council Tripartite DEOK, PEO, SEK, PASYDY CCCI, OEB CY Occupational Pension Council Tripartite DEOK, PEO, SEK CCCI, OEB CY National Council on Health and Safety Tripartite DEOK, PEO, SEK CCCI, OEB CY National Council for Disabilities Tripartite DEOK, PEO, SEK CCCI, OEB CZ Council of Economic and Social Agreement of the Czech Republic (Rada hospodářské a sociální dohody ČR, RHSD ČR) Tripartite ČMKOS, ASO ČR SP ČR, KZPS ČR CZ The Government Council for Safety, Hygiene and Health at Work (Rada vlády pro ochranu zdraví při práci) Tripartite ČMKOS, ASO ČR SP ČR, KZPS ČR CZ Government Council for Equal Opportunities for Women and Men (Rada vlády pro rovné příležitosti žen a mužů) Tripartite ČMKOS, ASO ČR SP ČR, KZPS ČR CZ Government Council for Seniors and Population Ageing (Rada vlády pro seniory a stárnutí populace) Tripartite ČMKOS, ASO ČR SP ČR, KZPS ČR DE Committee on recommending the introduction of minimum wages at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs (para. 2 of the Act on Minimum Working Standards) Tripartite n.a. n.a. DE Committee on the extension on collective agreements at the Federal Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs Tripartite n.a. n.a. DK Beskæftigelsesrådet (BER), The National Employment Council Tripartite LO, FTF, AC, LH, Disabled Peoples Organisations Denmark (an NGO) DA, KL DK Arbejdsmiljørådet, The Danish Working Environment Council Tripartite LO, FTF, AC, LH DA, The Employers’ Association for the Financial Sector (FA), KL, Danske Regioner, Moderniseringsstyrelsen (Ministry of Finance) DK Rådet for Voksen- og Efteruddannelse (VEU-rådet), Council for continuing vocational training) Tripartite LO, FTF DA, KL, Danske Regioner, Moderniseringsstyrelsen (Ministry of Finance) DK Det Økonomiske Råd, The Economic Council Tripartite LO, FTF, AC DA, the Federation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, HVR ES Social and Economic Council Tripartite CCOO, UGT, ELA-STV and CIG CEOE and CEPYME ES Council of the National Employment System Tripartite CCOO, UGT, ELA-STV and CIG CEOE ES General Council of Vocational Training Tripartite CCOO and UGT CEOE ES National Commission on Collective Bargaining Tripartite CCOO, UGT, ELA-STV and CIG CEOE, CEPYME FI The Economic Council of Finland Tripartite SAK, STTK, AKAVA EK, KT, VTML, KiT, FI Joint Round Table of Productivity Tripartite SAK, STTK, AKAVA EK, KT, VTML, KiT, FFE, MTK FI Information Committee on Cost and Income Developments Tripartite SAK, STTK, AKAVA EK, KT, VTML, KiT FI Joint Round Table of Equality Tripartite SAK, STTK, AKAVA EK, KT, VTML, KiT FR National Collective Bargaining Commission (Commission nationale de la négociation collective, CNNC) for reforms concerning industrial relations Tripartite CGT, CFDT, FO, CFE-CGC, CFTC MEDEF, CGPME, UPA, FNSEA, CNMCA, UNAPL FR National Employment Committee (Comité national de l’emploi, CNE) for reforms in relation to employment Tripartite CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC, CFE-CGC MEDEF, CGPME, UPA, UNAPL, FNSEA FR National Council for Lifelong Vocational Training (Conseil national de la formation professionnelle tout au long de la vie, CNFPTLV) for reforms with regard to training Tripartite CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC, CFE-CGC MEDEF, CGPME, UPA, UNAPL, FNSEA FR High Council of Social dialogue (Haut conseil du dialogue social). Its mission is to adopt every four years the list of the representative trade unions at national and cross-sector level. It is also responsible for submitting to the Minister of Labour the lessons it draws from the application of the Act to amending the trade union representativeness Tripartite CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC, CFE-CGC MEDEF, CGPME, UPA, UNAPL, FNSEA FR Comité de Dialogue Social pour les questions Européennes et Internationales (CDSEI) Tripartite CGT, CFDT, FO, CFTC, CFE-CGC MEDEF, CGPME, UPA, UNAPL, FNSEA, CEEP FR EL National Committee of Social Dialogue Tripartite GSEE SEV, ESEE, GSEVEE, SETE EL National Committee of Social Security Tripartite GSEE SEV, ESEE, GSEVEE, SETE EL National Committee of Employment Tripartite GSEE SEV, ESEE, GSEVEE, SETE EL Economic and Social Council of Greece (OKE) Bipartite (consultative social representation) GSEE, ADEDY SEV, ESEE, GSEVEE, SETE HR Economic and Social Council. Advisory body on economic policy, prices and salaries, employment, pension and health insurance, education, safety at work, collective bargaining, labour law, labour disputes and all other issues of interest of social partners Tripartite NHS, SSSH, MATICA, HUS, URSH CEA HR National Council for Protection at Work (advises Government on protection at work) tripartite NHS, SSSH CEA HR National Competitiveness Council (advises Government on competitiveness) tripartite NHS, SSSH, MATICA, HUS, URSH CEA HU VKF. Strengthening co-operation between interest representatives and government, promoting economic development, improving competitiveness, developing business environment, and strengthening social dialogue within the industry Tripartite Liga, Munkástanácsok, MSZOSZ VOSZ, MGYOSZ, ÁFEOSZ-KÉSZ HU National Interest Reconciliation Council of the Public Sector (Országos Közszolgálati Érdekegyeztető Tanács, OKÉT) Tripartite The national trade union confederations representing mainly public servants in several areas and professions of the public sector working related to legal relations and uniting several sectoral or professional unions (trade union federation) having the right to participate in the national reconciliation (SZEF, ÉSZT, FRDÉSz are regular members ; MSZOSZ, Liga have the status of regular guest) The national interest representatives of local governments IE Labour Relations Commission (LRC). The mission of the LRC is: ‘To promote the development and improvement of Irish industrial relations policies, procedures and practices through the provision of appropriate, timely and effective services to employers, trade unions and employees’ Tripartite ICTU IBEC IT National Council for Economic Affairs and Labour (Consiglio Nazionale dell'Economia e del Lavoro, CNEL). Constitutional body for social representations which includes other types of organisations (social ONGs, for instance) Bipartite Cgil, Cisl, Uil, Cida, Ciu, Confedir, Confsal, Cub (Usb), Ugl Confindustria, Confartigianato, Cna, Casartigiani, Confcommercio, Confesercenti, Confcooperative, Legacoop LT LRTT – the main national tripartite social dialogue institution Tripartite LPSK, LDF, LPS 'Solidarumas' LPK, LVDK, LPPARA, LRŽŪR LU Tripartite Co-ordination Committee (Comité de coordination tripartite) Tripartite OGBL, LCGB, CGFP All sectoral employers associations and employers’ chambers LU Comité Permanent du Travail et de l’Emploi (CPTE) Tripartite OGBL, LCGB, CGFP Representatives are proposed by UEL within its members: ABBL (Bankers’ Association), AFA (Insurers’ Association), clc, FDA, Fedil, CDM, Horesca LU Conseil Economique et Social (CES) Tripartite OGBL, LCGB, CGFP, FGFC (Fédération Générale de la Fonction Communale) ABBL (Bankers’ Association), AFA (Insurers’ Association), clc, FDA, Fedil, CDM, UEL LV National Tripartite Cooperation Council (Nacionālās trīspusējās sadarbības padome, NTSP) Tripartite LBAS LDDK MT Malta Council for Economic and Social Development (MCESD). An advisory council that issues opinions and recommendations to the Maltese government on matters of economic and social relevance Tripartite GWU, CMTU, ForUM, MEA, MCCEI, GRTU, MHRA MT Employment Relations Board (ERB). Makes recommendations to the Minister responsible for labour as to any national minimum standard conditions of employment for eventual inclusion in a national standard order. Tripartite GWU, CMTU, ForUM, UHM, MEA, GRTU, MHRA NL Social Economic Council, Sociaal-Economische Raad, SER advises government, supervises community boards; co-governance and promoting businesses Tripartite FNV, CNV, MHP, Union ZZPers VNO-NCW, MKB-Nederland, LTO-Nederland, Platform ZZPers NL Central Labour Foundation, Stichting van de Arbeid, STAR consultation between employers and employees on a daily basis; Recommendations to businesses; bi-annual consultation with government Bipartite FNV, CNV, MHP VNO-NCW, MKB-Nederland, LTO-Nederland PL Tripartite Commission for Social and Economic Affairs (Trójstronna Komisja ds. Społeczno Gospodarczych, TK) Tripartite NSZZ Solidarnoś, OPZZ, FZZ BCC, PKPP Lewiatan, Pracodawcy RP, ZRP PT CPCS: Standing Committee for Social Concertation (Comissão Permanente de Concertação Social) Tripartite CGTP-IN, UGT CIP, CCP, CTP, CAP RO Economic and Social Council (Consiliul Economic şi Social, CES) Tripartite All national trade union confederations All employer organisations representative at national level RO National Tripartite Council for Social Dialogue (Consiliul Naţional Tripartit pentru Dialog Social, CNTDS) Tripartite All national trade union confederations All employer organisations representative at national level RO National Council of Qualifications (Consiliul Naţional al Calificărilor, CNC) under the aegis of National Authority for Qualifications (Autoritatea Naţională pentru Calificări, ANC) Tripartite One representative for all national trade union confederations One representative for all employer organisations representative at national level SI Economic and Social Council. All issues related to the labour market, social security, pensions, health and safety. Specific issues are discuss at ad-hoc established working groups Tripartite ZSSS, KSJS,Pergam, Konfederacija90, KNSS, Solidarnost, SZS Alternativa GZS, ZDS, OZS, ZDOPS, TZS SI Competitiveness Council of the Government of the Republic of Slovenia Bipartite GZS, OZS SI Sustainable Development Council Bipartite ZDOPS SK Economic and Social Council (HSR) Tripartite KOZ SR RÚZ SR, AZZZ SR UK Health and Safety Executive Tripartite TUC CBI UK Low Pay Commission Tripartite TUC CBI UK Equality and Human Rights Commission Tripartite TUC CBI Source: EIRO (2013) CB coverage rate (%)* Dominant level CS CB Extension Regulation of representativeness AT 95 Sectoral Yes Yes Yes BE 95 Sectoral Yes Yes Yes BG 33 Sectoral Yes Yes Yes CY n.a. Company No No No CZ 34 Company No Yes No DE Sectoral: 54 (W), 37 (E), company: 7 (W), 11 (E) Sectoral No Yes No DK 80 Sectoral No No No EE Minimum wages 100, collective bargaining 33 Company Yes No, except the minimum wage agreement No ES Overall: 60, Provincial sectoral: 50, National sectoral: 25, Company: 10 Provincial sectoral agreements Yes Yes Yes FI 90 Sectoral Yes Yes No FR Almost 100 Sectoral Yes Yes Yes, only for trade unions EL n.a. Sectoral Yes No Yes, only for trade unions HR 60 (Public 100, Private 44) Sectoral Yes Yes Yes, only for trade unions. For employers, concerning consultations on public policies HU n.a. Company Yes Yes Yes, only for collective bargaining IE n.a. (public sector 100) Company Yes No No (but employer associations and unions need to obtain a 'bargaining license') IT 80 (public sector, approximately 100) Sectoral Yes No Yes, only for trade unions in the public sector LT 15-20 Company No Yes, but not applied No LU 40-60 Sectoral No Yes Yes, only for trade unions LV 12 Company Yes Yes No MT 48 (public sector 100, private sector 27) Company Yes No No NL 80 Sectoral Yes Yes Yes (established jointly by the social partners within SER) PL 27 Company No Yes, but not applied Yes PT 9 (public sector 0, private sector 11) Sectoral No Yes, but since 2012 very limited due to the introduction of 50% threshold for employers’ representativeness No RO 70 Sectoral No No Yes SE 91 Sectoral Yes No No SI 90 (public sector 100, private sector 80) Sectoral Yes Yes Yes SK 30 Sectoral and company, depending on the sector Yes Yes Yes UK 32 Company No No No Note: * Adjusted collective bargaining coverage rate: ‘the adjusted rate is defined as the number of employees covered by a collective agreement as a proportion of the number of employees equipped with the right to bargain (ie the total number of employees minus the number of employees excluded from the right to bargain) (Traxler and Beherens (2002) Collective bargaining coverage and extension procedures, available at http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/2002/12/study/tn0212102s.htm) Source: EIRO (2013) Formal members actively involved in EUROCADRES Active federations specifically covering P&M staff P&M staff members (2013 EUROCADRES Congress figures) AT OGB GPA-djp 204,000 BE ABVV/FGTB BBTK-SETCa 53,482 BE ACLVB-CGSLB 32,858 BE ACV-CSC LBC-NVK/CNE-GNC 127,160 BG CITUB KNSB n.a. BG Podkrepa n.a. CZ CMKOS OS ECHO CZ CMKOS OS PKOP 20,000 CZ CMKOS OS PVV DE DGB Verdi n.a. DK AC 145,348 DK FTF 352,800 DK LO-DK TL n.a. ES CCOO PTC-CCOO 150,000 ES UGT UTC-UGT 124,197 FI AKAVA 402,519 FI STTK 80,000 FR CFDT CFDT Cadres 80,000 FR CFTC UGICA CFTC 22,000 FR CGT UGICT CGT 42,000 FR FO FO Cadres 37,500 FR FSU (ETUCE) 34,000 FR UNSA 40,000 EL GSEE OTOE n.a. HR NSZ (ETUCE) n.a. HR SZH (ETF) 232 HU ESZT 70,000 IE ICTU Impact n.a. IT CGIL Agenquadri 175,126 IT CISL 171,282 IT FABI (UNI Europa) 40,000 IT UIL 160,212 LU LCGB n.a. LU OGBL 7,500 MT GWU 353 NL CNV 51,150 NL FNV 179,550 NL MHP 130,000 PL FZZ Forum ZZIT 2,000 PL NSZZ Solidarnosc 110,000 PT CGTP-IN 65,000 PT UGT 65,000 RO CARTEL ALFA FNSA n.a. RO CSDR FSLCPR-CSDR 3,750 SE SACO 475,300 SE TCO 442,641 UK TUC PCS 43,700 UK TUC Prospect n.a. Note: *If a federation or body specifically covering professional and managerial workers is active within EUROCADRES, the formal member confederation usually delegates such federation or body to participate in EUROCADRES’ activities Source: EUROCADRES (2013) Section Organisation AT Verband der öffentlichen Wirtschaft und Gemeinwirtschaft Österreich (VÖWG) AT AG der Wiener Lokalbahnen - www.wlb.at AT Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Linz - www.akh.linz.at AT AMS Arbeitsmarkservice Österreich – www.ams.at AT ANKÜNDER – Steierm. Ankündigungs-GmbH - www.ankuender.com AT ARGE Österreichischer Abfall- Wirtschaftsverbände AT ARWAG Holding AG - www.arwag.at AT ASFINAG - www.asfinag.at AT AUSTRO CONTROL GmbH - www.austrocontrol.at AT Bank Austria AG - www.bankaustria.at AT BEWAG – Burgenländische Elektrizitätswirtschafts AG - www.bewag.at AT ebswien hauptkläranlage GmbH - www.ebs.co.at AT ebswien tierservice GmbH - www.tkb-wien.at AT Elektrizitätswerk Wels AG - www.eww.at AT ENERGIEALLIANZ Austria GmbH AT Energiecomfort GmbH - www.energiecomfort.at AT Ennskraftwerke AG - www.ennskraft.at AT EVN Netz GmbH - www.evn-netz.at AT EVN - Wasser GmbH – www.evnwasser.at AT Fernwärme Wien GmbH - www.fernwaermewien.at AT Flughafen Wien AG - www.viennaairport.com AT FORSCHUNG AUSTRIA - www.forschungaustria.ac.at AT GESIBA – Gemeinn. Siedlungs- und Bau – AG - www.gesiba.at AT GESPAG - OÖ Gesundheits - und Spitals - AG - www.gespag.at AT GEWISTA Werbegesellschaft mbH - www.gewista.at AT GEWOG – Gemeinn. Wohnungs- und Siedlungs- GesmbH der Wiener Stadtwerke - www.gewog-wohnen.at AT Graz-Köflacher Bahn und Busbetrieb GmbH - www.gkb.at AT Holding Graz - Kommunale Dienstleistungen GmbH - www.holding-graz.at AT Innsbrucker Kommunalbetriebe AG - www.ikb.at AT KELAG / Kärtner Elektrizitäts – AG - www.kelag.at AT Kommunalkredit Austria AG - www.kommunalkredit.at AT Linz AG für Energie, Telekommunikation, Verkehr und kommunale Dienste - www.linzag.at AT Linzer Lokalbahn AG AT Magistrat der Landeshauptstadt Linz – Wirtschaftsservice - www.linz.at AT Magistrat der Stadt Graz - www.graz.at AT Mürztaler Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH - www.mvg-kapfenberg.com AT ÖBB-Holding AG - www.oebb.at AT Österreichische Beamtenversicherung – www.oebv.com AT Österreichische Verkehrskreditbank AG - www.verkehrskreditbank.at AT Österreichischer Gemeindebund - www.gemeindebund.at AT Österreichischer Städtebund - www.staedtebund.at AT Österreichischer Städtebund – Landesgruppe Niederösterreich AT Österreichischer Städtebund – Landesgruppe Oberösterreich AT Österreichischer Verband Gemeinn. Bauvereinigungen – Revisionsverband - www.gbv.at AT Österreichisches Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseum – www.wirtschaftsmuseum.at AT Österreichisches Rotes Kreuz - www.roteskreuz.at AT Raab-Oedenburg-Ebenfurter Eisenbahn AG - www.raaberbahn.com AT Salzburg AG für Energie, Verkehr und Telekommunikation - www.salzburg.at AT Salzburger Flughafen GmbH AT Schloss Laxenburg Betriebs – GmbH - www.schlosslaxenburg.at AT Sozialbau Gemeinn. Wohnungs – AG - www.sozialbau.at AT Stadtgemeinde Gmünd – Bestattung AT Stadtgemeinde Leoben AT Stadtgemeinde Mannersdorf AT Stadtgemeinde Schwechat – www.schwechat.gv.at AT Stadt Villach - www.villach.at AT Stadtwerke Amstetten - www.stadtwerke.amstetten.at AT Stadtwerke Bregenz GmbH / Gas-Wasser-Bäder-Stadtbus AT Stadtwerke Kapfenberg - www.stadtwerke-kapfenberg.at AT Stadtwerke Klagenfurt AG - www.stw.at AT Stadtwerke St. Pölten - www.st-poelten.gv.at AT TIWAG - Tiroler Wasserkraft AG - www.tiwag.at AT VBV - Pensionskasse AG - www.vbv.at AT VERBUND AG – www.verbund.at AT Verbund Hydro Power AG - www.verbund.at/ AT Verein für Wohnbauförderung - www.vwbf.at AT Vereinigte Bühnen Wien GmbH - www.vbw.at AT Verkehrsverbund Ost-Region GmbH - www.vor.at AT Volkshilfe Wien - www.volkshilfe-wien.at AT Volkstheater GmbH - www.volkstheater.at AT Wasserleitungsverband Nördliches Burgenland - www.wasserleitungsverband.at AT Wasserverband – Mürzverband - www.muerzverband.at AT WH Medien GmbH AT Wien Holding GmbH - www.wienholding.at AT Wiener Hafen - www.wienerhafen.com AT Wiener Gewässer Management GmbH AT Wiener Krankenanstaltenverbund - www.wienkav.at AT Wiener Stadthalle Betriebs- und Veranstaltungsges mbH - www.stadthalle.com AT Wiener Städtische Allgemeine Versicherung AG - www.wienerstaedtische.at AT Wiener Stadtwerke Holding AG - www.wienerstadtwerke.at AT Wien Energie Gasnetz GmbH - www.wiengas.at AT Wien Energie Stromnetz GmbH - www.wienenergie-stromnetz.at AT Wiener Linien GmbH - www.wienerlinien.at AT Bestattung Wien GmbH - www.bestattungwien.at AT WOGEM – Gemeinn. Wohn-, Bau- und Siedlungsgesellschaft für Gemeindebedienstete - www.wogem.at AT Wohnbauvereinigung für Privatangestellte - www.wbv-gpa.at AT Wohnfonds Wien - www.wohnfonds.wien.at Benelux AquaFlanders - www.aquaflanders.be Benelux De Lijn - Vlaamse Vervoermaatschappij - www.delijn.be Benelux Ethias - www.ethias.be Benelux Intermixt - www.intermixt.be Benelux INTER-REGIES – www.inter-regies.be Benelux Nederlandse Centrale Overheidswerkgever Benelux NMBS – SNCB - Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges - Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen - www.b-rail.be Benelux NMP – SNTC - Nationale Maatschappij der Pijpleidingen - Société Nationale de Transport par Canalisations Benelux SPGE - Société Publique de Gestion de l’eau - www.spge.be Benelux UNIPSO – Union des Entreprises à Profit Social – www.unipso.be Benelux UNISOC – www.unisoc.be Benelux UVW – Unie van Waterschappen – www.uvw.nl Benelux VEWIN - Vereniging van Exploitanten van Waterleidingbedrijven In Nederland - www.vewin.nl Benelux VNG - Vereniging van Nederlandse Gemeenten - www.vng.nl BG BICA – Bulgarian Industrial Capital Association www.bica-bg.org CY EAC – Electricity Authority Cyprus DE Bundesverband Öffentliche Dienstleistungen – BVÖD DE Abfallwirtschaftsbetrieb München www.awm-muenchen.de DE Beratungsgesellschaft für Beteiligungsverwaltung Leipzig GmbH - www.bbvl.de DE Berliner Stadtreinigungsbetriebe, AöR www.bsr.de DE Berliner Verkehrsbetriebe, AöR - www.bvg.de DE Berliner Wasserbetriebe, AöR - www.bwb.de DE Bochum-Gelsenkirchener Straßenbahnen AG www.bogestra.de DE Bremer Straßenbahn AG - www.bsag.de DE DB Regio AG, Sparte Bus - www.bahn.de/dbregiobus DE Dortmunder Stadtwerke AG www.dsw.de DE Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe AG www.dvbag.de DE Emscher Genossenschaft/Lippeverband www.eglv.de DE Erftverband Bergheim - www.erftverband.de DE Fraport AG www.fraport.de DE Gas-Union GmbH www.gas-union.de DE Hallesche Verkehrs-AG www.havag.com DE Kasseler Verkehrs- und Versorgungs-GmbH www.kvg.de DE Kommunale Wasserwerke Leipzig GmbH www.wasser-leipzig.de DE KPMG Prüfungs- und Beratungsgesellschaft für den Öffentlichen Sektor AG www.kpmg.de DE Leipziger Verkehrsbetriebe (LVB) GmbH www.lvb.de DE Leipziger Versorgungs- und Verkehrsgesellschaft mbH www.lvv.de DE Mainova AG www.mainova.de DE Rheinbahn AG www.rheinbahn.de DE Rostocker Straßenbahn AG www.rsag-online.de DE Ruhrverband www.ruhrverband.de DE Senatsverwaltung für Wirtschaft, Technologie und Frauen www.berlin.de/sen/wtf DE Stadtwerke Bochum GmbH www.stadtwerke-bochum.de DE Stadtwerke Duisburg AG www.dvv.de DE Stadtwerke Essen AG www.stadtwerke-essen.de DE Stadtwerke Frankfurt am Main Holding GmbH www.swf-holding.de DE Stadtwerke Köln GmbH www.stadtwerkekoeln.de DE Stadtwerke Leipzig GmbH www.swl.de DE Stadtwerke Mainz AG www.stadtwerke-mainz.de DE Stadtwerke München GmbH www.swm.de DE Stadtwerke Münster GmbH www.stadtwerke-muenster.de DE Stadtwerke Nordhausen – Holding für Versorgung und Verkehr GmbH www.stadtwerke-nordhausen-gmbh.de DE Stadtwerke Saarbrücken AG www.saarbruecker-stadtwerke.de DE SWU Stadtwerke Ulm/Neu Ulm GmbH - www.swu.de DE Städtische Werke Nürnberg GmbH www.stwn.de DE Stuttgarter Straßenbahnen AG www.ssb-ag.de DE SWT-AöR – Stadtwerke Trier, AöR www.stadtwerke-trier.de DE Thüga-Aktiengesellschaft www.thuega.de DE Trianel GmbH - www.trianel.com DE uestra Hannoversche Verkehrsbetriebe AG www.uestra.de DE WIBERA Wirtschaftsberatung AG www.wibera.de DE Allianz der öffentlichen Wasserwirtschaft (AöW) e.V. - www.aoew.de DE AKA Arbeitsgemeinschaft kommunale und kirchliche Altersversorgung e.V. - www.aka.de DE BDEW Bundesverband der Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft e.V. www.bdew.de DE BG Energie Textil Elektro, Medienerzeugnisse, Branchenverwaltung Energie- und Wasserwirtschaft (BG ETEM – B-EW) www.bgetem.de DE Deutsche Gesellschaft für das Badewesen e.V. www.baederportal.com DE Deutscher Landkreistag www.kreise.de/landkreistag DE Deutscher Sparkassen- und Giroverband e.V. www.dsgv.de DE Deutscher Städtetag www.staedtetag.de DE Deutscher Städte- und Gemeindebund www.dstgb.de DE GdW Bundesverband deutscher Wohnungs- und Immobilienunternehmen e.V. www.gdw.de DE Tarifgemeinschaft deutscher Länder – www.tdl-online.de DE Verband Deutscher Verkehrsunternehmen e.V. www.vdv.de DE Verband kommunaler Unternehmen e.V. www.vku.de DE Vereinigung der kommunalen Arbeitgeberverbände www.vka.de DK Danish Regions - www.regioner.dk DK Local Government Denmark - www.kl.dk DK State Employers’ Authority – www.modst.dk ES Administrador de Infrastructuras Ferroviarias (ADIF) - www.adif.es ES Aeropuertos Españoles y Navegación Aérea (AENA) - www.aena.es ES Consorcio Regional de Transportes Publicos Regulares de Madrid- www.ctm-madrid.es ES Dirección General Patrimonio del Estado ES Entidad Pública Empresarial de Suelo (SEPES) - www.sepes.es ES Entidad Pública Empresarial Renfe Operadora - www.renfe.es ES Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre, S.A. (FNMT) - www.fnmt.es ES Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha (FEVE) - www.feve.es ES Ferrocarriles Vascos S.A. - ES Fundacion ONCE, S.A. (FUNDOSA) – www.grupofundosa.es ES Instituto de Crédito Oficial (ICO) - www.ico.es ES Organismo Público Puertos del Estado - www.puertos.es ES Red Eléctrica de España, S.A. (REE) - www.ree.es ES Red de Empresas Locales de Interés General (ELIGE) - www.redelige.com ES Sociedad Estatal Correos y Telégrafos, S.A. (CORREOS) - www.correos.es ES Sociedad Estatal de Participaciones Industriales (SEPI) - www.sepi.es FI KT Local Government Employers - www.kuntatyonantajat.fi FI Commission for Church Employers - www.evl.fi FI Office for the Government as Employer – www.vm.fi FR Agence française de développement (AFD) - www.afd.fr FR Air France Groupe - www.airfrance.net FR Association nationale des régies de services publics et des organismes constitués par les collectivités locales ou avec leur participation (ANROC) - www.anroc.com FR Bureau des recherches géologiques et minières (BRGM) -www.brgm.fr FR Caisse des dépôts et consignations (CDC) - www.caissedesdepots.fr FR Electricité de France (EDF) - www.edf.fr FR Etablissement publique foncier du Nord Pas-de-Calais (EPF NPC) - www.epf-npdc.fr FR Fédération nationale des associations gestionnaires au service des personnes handicapées (FEGAPEI) - www.fegapei.fr FR Fédération nationale des entreprises sociales pour l’habitat - www.esh-fr.org FR Fédération des EPL - www.lesepl.fr FR Fédération nationale des collectivités concédantes et des régies (FNCCR) - www.fnccr.asso.fr FR Fédération nationale des offices Habitations à Loyer Modéré (FNOHLM) - www.offices-hlm.org FR France Télécom - www.francetelecom.com FR Groupe Société Nationale Immobilière (SNI-SCET) - www.groupesni.fr FR La Cité internationale des Congrès Nantes-Métropole – www.lacite-nantes.fr FR Nantes Métropole Aménagement - www.nantes-amenagement.fr FR Sem d’aménagement de la ville de Paris (SEMAVIP) - www.semavip.fr FR Société d’économie mixte d’aménagement de l’est parisien (SEMAEST) - www.semaest.fr FR SEM du TCSP de Brest - www.letram-brest.fr FR SEMITAN (SEM des transports en commun de l’agglomération nantaise) - www.tan.fr FR SEMIV (SEM immobilière de Vélizy) - www.semiv-velizy.fr FR SIDR (Société immobilière du département de la Réunion) - www.sidr.fr FR SNCF (Société nationale des chemins de fer français) - www.sncf.fr FR Société d’équipement du Rhône et de Lyon (SERL) - www.serl.fr FR Société d’exploitation de la Tour Eiffel (SETE) - www.tour-eiffel.fr FR Société immobilière de Nouvelle-Calédonie (SIC) - www.sic.nc FR SOGARIS - www.sogaris.fr FR Union sociale pour l’habitat (USH) - www.union-habitat.org FR UPPFP (Union des Professionnels du Pôle Funéraire Public) - http://uppfp.free.fr FR La Folle Journée de Nantes - http://www.follejournee.fr FR Sipea (Société anonyme immobilière d’économie mixte de la ville de Poitiers) - http://www.sipea-poitiers.fr EL KEDEO EL Athens Urban Transport Organisation SA (OASA), www.oasa.gr EL Attica Bank, www.atticabank.gr EL Stable urban transports STASY SA, www.ametro.gr, www.isap.gr & www.tramsa.gr EL ERGOSE SA – railway infrastructure company, www.ergose.gr EL ILPAP SA – electric transport company, www.athens-trolley.gr EL National Sports’ Centre Aghios Kosmas EL Port Authority of Patras SA, www.patrasport.gr EL School Building Organisation SA (SBO –OSK), www.osk.gr EL International Fair of Thessalonica, www.tif.gr EL Hellenic Aerospace Industry, www.haicorp.com EL Hellenic Defence Systems, www.eas.gr EL Athens Road Transport OSY, www.ethel.gr EL Organization of SMEs and Handicraft (EOMMEX), www.eommex.gr EL Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company (EYDAP) www.eydap.gr EL Public Material Management Organisation (ODDY), www.oddy.gr EL OAED - workforce employment organisation, www.oaed.gr EL OPAP SA – betting organization, www.opap.gr EL Port of Igoumenitsa, www.olig.gr EL Thessaloniki Port Authority SA, www.thpa.gr EL Lavrion Port Authority, www.oll.gr EL OSE - Greek railway organisation, www.osenet.gr EL Thessaloniki's Integrated Transport Authority (SASTH), www.sasth.gr EL TEO – national road construction fund, www.teo.org.gr EL Fund or securities and loans, www.tpd.gr EL Helexpo, www.helexpo.gr EL Export Credit Insurance Organisation (ECIO - OAEP), www.oaep.gr EL NAFSOLP - naval repairing zone reconstruction, www.nazo.gr EL Asprofos SA – engineering company, www.asprofos.gr HU National Association of Strategic and Public Utility Companies (STRATOSZ): HU Hungarian State Holding Company (MNV Zrt.) HU Hungarian Post Office Co. Ltd. HU Hungarian Railway Enterprises Union HU HUNGRAIL Hungarian Rail Association HU MÁV Hungarian State Railways Co. Ltd. HU MÁV-START Railway Passenger Transport Co. HU CER Hungary Co. (CER Hungary Central European Railway Cargo, Trading and Services Privately Held Company Limited by Shares) HU KÖZGÉP Steal Structure-and-Construction Co. HU Volan Professional Association HU Agria Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Alba Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Bakony Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Balaton Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Borsod Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Gemenc Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Hajdú Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Hatvani Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Jászkun Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Kapos Volán Bus Traffic Ltd. HU Kisalföld Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Kőrös Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Kunság Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Mátra Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Nógrád Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Pannon Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Somló Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Szabolcs Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Tisza Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Vasi Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Vértes Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Zala Volán Bus Traffic Co. Ltd. HU Volánbusz Transport Company Ltd. HU GOMI Ltd. HU Raaberlog Ltd IE HSE Employers Agency - www.hsea.ie IT ARAN - Agenzia per la Rappresentanza Negoziale delle Pubbliche Amministrazioni - www.aranagenzia.it IT CONFSERVIZI (Confederazione Italiana dei Servizi Pubblici Locali – Asstra – Federambiente - Federutility) - www.confservizi.net IT ENAC (Ente nazionale per l’Aviazione Civile) www.enac.gov.it MT Malta’s Employers’ Association (MEA) - www.maltaemployers.com PL Pracodawcy RP PL Ogólnopolski Związek Pracodawców Transportu Samochodowego PL Domik Sp. z o.o. PL Centrum Medyczne Mavit PL Polska Agencja Prasowa PL Kompania Węglowa S.A. PL Lubelski Związek Pracodawców PL Polskie Górnictwo Naftowe i Gazownictwo S.A. PL Fabryka Tarcz Ściernych PL Polskie Przymierze Gospodarcze PL PKP CARGO S.A – www.pkp-cargo.pl PL Centrum Szkoleniowo-Konferencyjne Sp. z o.o PT AdP – Águas de Portugal, Sgps, SA - www.adp.pt PT APA – Administração do Porto de Aveiro, SA - www.portodeaveiro.pt PT APL – Administração do Porto de Lisboa, SA - www.portodelisboa.pt PT APS – Administração do Porto de Sines, SA - www.portodesines.pt PT Baía do Tejo, SA - www.baiadotejo.pt PT Banco BPI, SA - www.bancobpi.pt PT Companhia Carris de Ferro de Lisboa, SA - www.carris.pt PT EEM – Empresa de Electricidade da Madeira, SA - www.eem.pt PT EP – Estradas de Portugal, E.P.E. - www.estradasdeportugal.pt PT EPUL – Empresa Pública de Urbanização de Lisboa, EP - www.epul.pt PT GEBALIS – Gestão dos Bairros Municipais de Lisboa, EEM - www.gebalis.pt PT IEFP – Instituto do Emprego e Formação Professional, IP - www.iefp.pt PT INCI – Instituto da Construção e do Imobiliário, IP - www.inci.pt PT INCM – Imprensa Nacional - Casa da Moeda, SA - www.incm.pt PT INE – Instituto Nacional de Estatística, IP - www.ine.pt PT METROPOLITANO DE LISBOA, EPE - www.metrolisboa.pt PT MONTEPIO GERAL - www.montepiogeral.pt PT TAP – AIR PORTUGAL, SA - www.tap.pt PT TRANSTEJO – Transportes do Tejo, SA - www.transtejo.pt RO Romanian Water Employers Association (ARA) RO Romanian District Heating Employers Association (ASER) RO Public Services Employers Association (PSP) RO National Employers’ Federation of Public Utilities of Romania (FNPSPR) RO Liga Citadina (Cities League) RO The National Federation of Family Doctors of Romania RO The National Federation of Solid Waste Management Operators of Romania RO The National Association of the Urban Electrical Illumination Operators of Romania SE FASTIGO - Employers’Association for the Property Sector - www.fastigo.se SE KFS - Swedish Organisation for Local Enterprises - www.kfs.net SE PACTA - Employers´ Association of Local Federations of Local Authorities and Enterprises - www.pacta.org.se SE SAGE - Swedish Agency for Government Employers - www.arbetsgivarverket.se SE SALAR - Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (Sveriges Kommuner och Landsting) - www.skl.se UK Local Government Group - www.local.gov.uk UK The NHS Confederation – www.nhsconfed.org UK The Cabinet Office, c/o Department for Business, Innovation & Skills (BIS) – www.bis.gov.uk UK National Association of Regional Employers (NARE): UK South East Employers www.seemp.co.uk UK South West Employers www.southwest-ra.gov.uk UK London Councils www.londoncouncils.gov.uk UK East Midlands Councils www.emcouncils.gov.uk UK East of England Local Government Association – www.eelga.gov.uk UK North West Employers Organisation www.nwemployers.org.uk UK North East Regional Employers www.nereo.gov.uk UK Local Government Yorkshire and Humber www.lgyh.gov.uk UK Northern Ireland Local Government Association www.nilga.org UK Welsh Local Government Association www.wlga.gov.uk UK West Midlands Councils www.wmcouncils.org.uk UK Transport for London - www.tfl.gov.uk UK Universities and Colleges Employers’ Association - www.ucea.ac.uk UK Assocation of Chartered Certified Accountants - www.accaglobal.com UK Lindsey Marsh Drainage Board - www.lmdb.co.uk UK Scape System Builds Limited - www.scapebuild.co.uk UK Eversheds - www.eversheds.com UK PPMA - http://www.ppma.org.uk/ Note: See also the CEEP reports Mapping of the public services and Mapping evolutions in public services in Europe, available at http://www.ceep.eu/ and http://www.mappingpublicservices.eu. Source: CEEP (2013) EF/13/100General aim and conceptual remarks
Definition of cross-industry activities and associations
Methodology
Patterns of domains with regard to the national economy
Relevant interest associations
National level of interest representation
European cross-industry social dialogue
Representativeness criteria
Relevant EU-level social partner organisations
Outcomes of the European cross-industry social dialogue
National cross-industry industrial relations
Contractual relations and agreements
Consultation on social and economic policies
National-level organisations
National cross-industry trade unions
National cross-industry employers’ associations
EU-level organisations
EU-level cross-industry trade unions
EU-level cross-industry employers’ associations
Capacity to negotiate
Developments since the earlier representativeness studies
Conclusions
Annex
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