Eurofound’s European Restructuring Monitor database reveals the impact of the energy crisis on employment in the EU. Following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, energy prices have hit record highs. The European Commission imposed sanctions and limitations on the import of oil and gas from Russia, which has reacted by reneging on supply commitments to many Member States. Compared to other countries, market disruption has been especially acute in the EU, given the bloc’s overdependence on Russian energy supply.
This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the electricity sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in the European sectoral social dialogue and their capacity to negotiate agreements.
V správe sa analyzuje úloha sociálneho dialógu a kolektívneho vyjednávania pri riešení výziev, ktorým sektor civilného letectva čelil počas pandémie COVID-19. Zapojenie sociálnych partnerov do opatrení prijatých na zmiernenie negatívnych vplyvov pandémie sa v jednotlivých európskych krajinách líši. Vo väčšine krajín sociálny dialóg a kolektívne vyjednávanie zohrali významnú úlohu, zatiaľ čo v iných sa mohli prejaviť len v obmedzenej miere.
V tejto správe sa analyzuje úloha sociálneho dialógu a kolektívneho vyjednávania pri riešení výziev, ktoré spôsobila alebo zhoršila pandémia COVID-19 v nemocničnom sektore. Skúma sa v nej aj to, či sa v záujme riešenia týchto nových výziev prispôsobili existujúce procesy sociálneho dialógu a kolektívneho vyjednávania na vnútroštátnej úrovni. Výskum zahŕňal prehľad literatúry na účely kontextualizácie štrukturálnych prvkov nemocničného sektora a analýzu politických iniciatív na riadenie krízy realizovaných v celej EÚ27 a Nórsku.
Táto správa bola vypracovaná v rámci trojročného pilotného projektu (2021 – 2023) s názvom Úloha minimálnej mzdy pri vytváraní všeobecnej záruky práce, ktorým Európska komisia poverila nadáciu Eurofound. Zameriava sa na modul 3 projektu, ktorý skúma minimálne mzdy a iné formy odmeňovania samostatne zárobkovo činných osôb.
Prísne obmedzenia v oblasti verejného zdravia zavedené vládami v roku 2020 na kontrolu pandémie ochorenia COVID-19 náhle zmenili pracovný život a naďalej ho formovali počas dvoch nasledujúcich rokov. V období od marca do novembra 2021 sa uskutočnilo viac ako 70 000 rozhovorov v 36 krajinách prostredníctvom európskeho telefonického prieskumu pracovných podmienok (EWCTS), ktorý je vysokokvalitným prieskumom založeným na pravdepodobnosti. Cieľom bolo poskytnúť podrobný obraz o pracovnom živote Európanov v tomto výnimočnom období.
This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the Food and drink sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in the European sectoral social dialogue and their capacity to negotiate agreements. The aim of Eurofound’s studies on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and European social partner organisations in the field of industrial relations in the EU Member States.
Správa skúma, ako sa dôvera občanov v inštitúcie – vrátane národných vlád, EÚ, vedeckej obce a médií – vyvíjala v čase pandémie COVID-19 v rokoch 2020 a 2021. Úloha médií sa analyzuje, najmä vzťah medzi používaním sociálnych médií a dôverou a vplyvom nepresných informácií (nesprávnych alebo zavádzajúcich informácií) a dezinformácií (zámerne nepravdivých informácií) v čase krízy. Na základe rozsiahleho preskúmania literatúry správa opisuje následky politických opatrení proti pandémii COVID-19 so zameraním na dôveru občanov vo vnútroštátne inštitúcie a v EÚ.
Inštitucionálna kvalita je kľúčovým faktorom pri dosahovaní vzostupnej hospodárskej a sociálnej konvergencie v EÚ, ktorá zohráva zásadnú úlohu pri raste hospodárstva, prilákaní zahraničných investícií, zabezpečovaní vykonávania politík a reforiem a pri úspešnom prístupe k finančným prostriedkom EÚ. Vhodnosť verejných inštitúcií na daný účel je v súčasnosti obzvlášť dôležitá pri vykonávaní programu NextGenerationEU, keďže slabá inštitucionálna kvalita by mohla zabrániť prístupu k finančným prostriedkom a oslabiť účinnosť samotného programu.
The EU Presidency of Czechia organised a high-level conference in October 2022 on ‘Tackling energy poverty: EU approach & sharing best practices’. The event aimed to bring different actors together in order to strengthen the dialogue on possible solutions on how to further tackle energy poverty in the EU. This background paper, prepared at the request of the Czech Presidency, aims to contribute to the debate.
The European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) has reported on the employment impact of large-scale business restructuring since 2002. This publication series include the ERM reports, as well as blogs, articles and working papers on restructuring-related events in the EU27 and Norway.
Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) paints a wide-ranging picture of Europe at work across countries, occupations, sectors and age groups. This series consists of findings from the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey (EWCTS) 2021, an extraordinary edition conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey was first carried out in 1990.
This publication series gathers all overview reports on developments in working life, annual reviews in industrial relations and working conditions produced by Eurofound on the basis of national contributions from the Network of Eurofound Correspondents (NEC). Since 1997, these reports have provided overviews of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway. The series may include recent ad hoc articles written by members of the NEC.
Eurofound’s work on COVID-19 examines the far-reaching socioeconomic implications of the pandemic across Europe as they continue to impact living and working conditions. A key element of the research is the e-survey, launched in April 2020, with five rounds completed at different stages during 2020, 2021 and 2022. This is complemented by the inclusion of research into the ongoing effects of the pandemic in much of Eurofound’s other areas of work.
Eurofound's representativeness studies are designed to allow the European Commission to identify the ‘management and labour’ whom it must consult under article 154 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). This series consists of studies of the representativeness of employer and worker organisations in various sectors.
This series reports on developments in minimum wage rates across the EU, including how they are set and how they have developed over time in nominal and real terms. The series explores where there are statutory minimum wages or collectively agreed minimum wages in the Member States, as well as minimum wage coverage rates by gender.
The European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) launched in 1990 and is carried out every five years, with the latest edition in 2015. It provides an overview of trends in working conditions and quality of employment for the last 30 years. It covers issues such as employment status, working time duration and organisation, work organisation, learning and training, physical and psychosocial risk factors, health and safety, work–life balance, worker participation, earnings and financial security, work and health, and most recently also the future of work.
Eurofound’s Flagship report series 'Challenges and prospects in the EU' comprise research reports that contain the key results of multiannual research activities and incorporate findings from different related research projects. Flagship reports are the major output of each of Eurofound’s strategic areas of intervention and have as their objective to contribute to current policy debates.
Eurofound’s European Company Survey (ECS) maps and analyses company policies and practices which can have an impact on smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, as well as the development of social dialogue in companies. This series consists of outputs from the ECS 2019, the fourth edition of the survey. The survey was first carried out in 2004–2005 as the European Survey on Working Time and Work-Life Balance.
This series reports on and updates latest information on the involvement of national social partners in policymaking. The series analyses the involvement of national social partners in the implementation of policy reforms within the framework of social dialogue practices, including their involvement in elaborating the National Reform Programmes (NRPs).
The report describes trends in social and economic discontent across the EU between 2002 and 2020, highlighting in particular the turbulent times brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The report explores the evolution of social cohesion and its impact on economic and social discontent. It assesses the relationship between social cohesion and discontent during the pandemic, allowing for a comparison of the situation as it stands in 2023. The focus of the report is on regions where social cohesion is low, where a contrast is drawn with regions where social cohesion is much higher.
This report analyses the working conditions and job quality of different types of self-employed workers. Drawing on data from the European Working Conditions Survey, it looks into policies in Member States aimed at addressing the challenges and opportunities associated with specific types of self-employment.
This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in the European sectoral social dialogue and their capacity to negotiate agreements. The aim of this Eurofound’s study on representativeness is to identify the relevant national and European social partner organisations in the chemical sector in the EU Member States.
The focus of this report is on the role that human capital plays in determining inequalities across the EU, as well as within Member States. Using Cedefop’s work in this area, the report provides a comparative analysis of national trends in education and lifelong learning, including differences between educational groups in terms of income, living conditions and health.
The report maps trends in income inequality and examines the situation of the middle classes in the EU during 2020, the year most associated with the COVID-19 lockdowns. It charts developments in the size and composition of middle-class households across countries, identifies those that suffered disproportionately in 2020. Taking a longer lens, the report describes the evolution of income inequalities over the last 15 years, comparing the Great Recession (2007–2009) with the COVID-19 pandemic, and outlines the trends both between and within Member States.
This report explores the implications of the right of all EU citizens to live independently. It investigates the barriers faced by people who wish to live independently, and the situation of people at risk of living in institutional settings. It maps the various measures taken by EU Member States to foster independent living and autonomy. The report also includes policy pointers to support future decision-makers and provides a review of lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic.
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