EMCC European Monitoring Centre on Change

Restructuring related legislation

Eurofound’s ERM database on restructuring related legal regulations provides information on regulations in the Member States of the European Union and Norway which are explicitly or implicitly linked to anticipating and managing change. The database covers statutory rules, only, and does not include collective agreements or company-level initiatives. The regulations are described in terms of their content, thresholds, involved actors and who covers the cost (if applicable). The aim is to provide an easy possibility of a cross-national comparison of the main features of restructuring related legislation.

Eurofound aims to keep this information up to date and accurate. If errors are brought to our attention, we will try to correct them. However, Eurofound accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the information in this database. This information is:

  • of a general nature only and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual or entity; not necessarily comprehensive, complete, accurate or up to date;
  • sometimes linked to external sites over which Eurofound services have no control and for which Eurofound assumes no responsibility;
  • not professional or legal advice (if specific advice is needed, a suitably qualified professional should be consulted).

Research carried out prior to the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union on 31 January 2020, and published subsequently, may include data relating to the 28 EU Member States. Following this date, research only takes into account the 27 EU Member States (EU28 minus the UK), unless specified otherwise.

486 items found

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  • CountryEU 27 + UK and Norway
  • Titlethe title is made up of the country name and type, for example: Austria: working time flexibility
  • PhaseEither anticipation or management
    • Anticipationrefers to activities that help to prepare workers or companies for change.
    • Managementcovers activities required to handle a current restructuring event while minimising social costs. It refers to the steps involved in implementing an organisational change process.
  • Typethe range includes, for example, provisions for collective dismissal, information/consultation obligations, notice periods and severance payments, training obligations for employers and employees and regulations concerning working time flexibility
  • Choose bywhether the regulation is obligatory in all circumstances or only for companies over a certain size or cases affecting a certain number of workers
  • Cost covered by
    • no specific additional costs are involved
    • costs covered by national or regional governments
    • cost covered by companies in general or the specific employer undergoing restructuring
    • cost covered by employees
  • Involved actorsincluding regional or local government, works councils, employers’ organisations, trade union or public employment services. The national government, as legislator, is assumed to be involved in all regulations so is not included as a filter option.
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Title Country Type Оригинални назив Енглески називsort descending
Italy: Definition of collective dismissal Italy Definition of collective dismissal Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Decreto Legislativo 8 aprile 1004, n. 110, Modifiche ed integrazioni alla legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, in materia di licenziamenti collettivi; Decreto legislativo n. 149 14/09/2015 Disposizioni per la razionalizzazione e la semplificazione dell'attività ispettiva in materia di lavoro e legislazione sociale, in attuazione della legge 10 dicembre 2014, n. 183; Decreto Legislativo n. 61 del 18 maggio 2018 (Marittimi) Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Legislative Decree 8 April 2004, no. 110, Modification and integrations to Law 23 July 1993, no. 223, concerning collective dismissals; Legislative Decree n. 149 14/09/2015 Provisions for the rationalisation and simplification of inspection work and social legislation, in implementation of the law of 10 December 2014, n. 183; Legislative Decree no.61 of 18 May 2018 (seafarers)
Italy: Reemployment obligation after restructuring Italy Reemployment obligation after restructuring Legge 29 aprile 1949, n. 264, Provvedimenti in materia di avviamento al lavoro e di assistenza dei lavoratori involontariamente disoccupati Law 29 April 1949, no. 264, Provisions concerning access to work and support to involuntarily unemployed people
Italy: Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Italy Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Legge 29 dicembre 1990, n. 428, Disposizioni per l'adempimento di obblighi derivanti dall'appartenenza dell'Italia alle Comunità europee; Legge 23 luglio 1991, n. 223, Norme in materia di cassa integrazione, mobilità, trattamenti di disoccupazione, attuazione di direttive della Comunità europea, avviamento al lavoro ed altre disposizioni in materia di mercato del lavoro; Decreto Legislativo 6 febbraio 2007, n. 25, Attuazione della direttiva 2002/14/CE che istituisce un quadro generale relativo all’informazione e alla consultazione dei lavoratori Law 29 December 1990, n. 428, Provisions for the fulfillment of obligations deriving from Italy's membership of the European Communities; Law 23 July 1991, no. 223, Rules on the Wage Guarantee Fund, redundancies, unemployment benefits, enforcement of European directives, job placement, and other labour market provisions; Legislative Decree 6 February 2007, no. 25, Implementation of European Directive 2002/14/EC which sets up a general framework for workers’ information and consultation
Italy: Staff information and consultation on business transfers Italy Staff information and consultation on business transfers Legge 29 dicembre 1990, n. 428, Disposizioni per l’adempimento di obblighi derivanti dall’appartenenza dell’Italia alle Comunità europee Law 29 December 1990, no. 428, Provisions for the fulfillment of obligations deriving from Italy’s membership of the European Communities
Italy: Severance pay/redundancy compensation Italy Severance pay/redundancy compensation Legge 29 maggio 1982, n. 297, Disciplina del trattamento di fine rapporto e norme in materia pensionistica; Legge 23 agosto 2004, n. 243 Norme in materia pensionistica e deleghe al Governo nel settore della previdenza pubblica, per il sostegno alla previdenza complementare e all'occupazione stabile e per il riordino degli enti di previdenza ed assistenza obbligatoria; Legge 27 dicembre 2006, n. 296 Disposizioni per la formazione del bilancio annuale e pluriennale dello Stato (legge finanziaria 2007); Legge 4 agosto 2017, n. 124, Legge annuale per il mercato e la concorrenza Law 29 May 1982, no. 297, Regulation on severance pay and rules governing pensions; Law of 23 August 2004, n. 243 Pension regulations and government mandates in the public pension sector, to support supplementary pensions and stable employment and for the reorganisation of social security and mandatory assistance; Law of 27 December 2006, n. 296 Provisions for the formation of the annual and multi-year state budget (2007 financial law); Law no. 124/2017, Annual law for the market and competition
Greece: Redundant employees entitlement to public support Greece Redundant employees entitlement to public support Νόμος 2956/2001 Οργανισμός Απασχόλησης Εργατικού Δυναμικού Law 2956/2001 on labour force employment organisation
Spain: Obligation to consider alternatives to collective dismissals Spain Obligation to consider alternatives to collective dismissals Ley 3/2012, de 6 de julio, de medidas urgentes para la reforma del mercado laboral; Real Decreto 801/2011, de 10 de junio, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de los procedimientos de regulación de empleo y de actuación administrativa en materia de traslados colectivos; Estatuto de los Trabajadores; Real Decreto 43/1996, de 19 de enero, por el que se aprueba el Reglamento de los procedimientos de regulación de empleo y de actuación administrativa en materia de traslados colectivos Law 3/2012 of 6 July on urgent measures to reform the labour market; Royal Decree 801/2011 of 10 June that enacts Regulation of the procedures of employment regulation and administrative measures in cases of collective relocation; Statute of Workers’ Rights; Royal Decree 43/1996 of 19 January that approves the rules of the procedures of employment regulation and administrative actions in collective transfers
Greece: Staff information and consultation on business transfers Greece Staff information and consultation on business transfers ΝΟΜΟΣ 4052 / 2012: Έγκριση των Σχεδίων Συμβάσεων Χρηματοδοτικής Διευκόλυνσης μεταξύ του Ευρωπαϊκού Ταμείου Χρηματοπιστωτικής Σταθερότητας (Ε.Τ.Χ.Σ.), της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας και της Τράπεζας της Ελλάδος, του Σχεδίου του Μνημονίου Συνεννόησης μεταξύ της Ελληνικής Δημοκρατίας, της Ευρωπαϊκής Επιτροπής και της Τράπεζας της Ελλάδος και άλλες επείγουσες διατάξεις για τη μείωση του δημοσίου χρέους και τη διάσωση της εθνικής οικονομίας και άλλες διατάξεις; ΠΔ 240/2006 – Περί θεσπίσεως γενικού πλαισίου ενημερώσεως και διαβουλεύσεως των εργαζομένων, σύμφωνα με την οδηγία 2002/14/ΕΚ της 11.03.2002 του Ε.Κ και του Συμβουλίου; ΠΔ 178/2002 - Μέτρα σχετικά με την προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των εργαζομένων σε περίπτωση μεταβίβασης επιχειρήσεων, εγκαταστάσεων ή τμημάτων εγκαταστάσεων ή επιχειρήσεων, σε συμμόρφωση προς την Οδηγία 98/50/ ΕΚ του Συμβουλίου LAW 4052/2012: Approval of the draft financing facility schemes between the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), the Hellenic Republic, and the Bank of Greece; of the Draft Memorandum of Understanding between the Hellenic Republic, the European Commission, and the Bank of Greece, and other urgent provisions on the reduction of public debt and the rescue of the national economy and other provisions; Presidential Decree No. 240/2006 on establishing a general framework for informing and consulting employees in the European Community, transposing Directive 2002/14/EC; Presidential Decree No. 178/2002 on measures for safeguarding employees' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, businesses or parts of businesses, transposing Directive 98/50/EC
Greece: Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Greece Public authorities information and consultation on dismissals Νόμος 4472/2017 (ΦΕΚ Α’ 74/19.05.2017) Συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις Δημοσίου και τροποποίηση διατάξεων του ν. 4387/2016, μέτρα εφαρμογής των δημοσιονομικών στόχων και μεταρρυθμίσεων, μέτρα κοινωνικής στήριξης και εργασιακές ρυθμίσεις, Μεσοπρόθεσμο Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2018-2021 και λοιπές διατάξεις; Νόμος 1387/1983 Έλεγχος Ομαδικών Απολύσεων και άλλες διατάξεις; Ν. 4472/2017 Συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις Δημοσίου και τροποποίηση διατάξεων του Ν.4387/2016, μέτρα εφαρμογής των δημοσιονομικών στόχων και μεταρρυθμίσεων, μέτρα κοινωνικής στήριξης και εργασιακές ρυθμίσεις, Μεσοπρόθεσμο Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2018-2021 και λοιπές διατάξεις Law 4472/2017 (Act Α’ 74/19.05.2017), Implementation measures for fiscal goals and reforms, medium-term financial strategy framework 2018-2021 and other provisions, 19 May 2017; Law 1387/1983 on collective dismissals
Greece: Definition of collective dismissal Greece Definition of collective dismissal Νόμος 4554/2018: Aσφαλιστικές και συνταξιοδοτικές ρυθμίσεις - Αντιμετώπιση της αδήλωτης εργασίας - Ενίσχυση της προστασίας των εργαζομένων - Επιτροπεία ασυνόδευτων ανηλίκων και άλλες διατάξεις, ( ΦΕΚ Α΄ 130/18.07.2018); Νόμος 4472/2017: Συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις Δημοσίου και τροποποίηση διατάξεων του ν. 4387/2016, μέτρα εφαρμογής των δημοσιονομικών στόχων και μεταρρυθμίσεων, μέτρα κοινωνικής στήριξης και εργασιακές ρυθμίσεις, Μεσοπρόθεσμο Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2018-2021 και λοιπές διατάξεις ((ΦΕΚ Α' 74/19-5-2017 Ά 74/19.05.2017); Ν. 1387/1983: Έλεγχος ομαδικών απολύσεων και άλλες διατάξεις; N. 3863/2010: Νέο Ασφαλιστικό Σύστημα και συναφείς διατάξεις. Ρυθμίσεις στις Eργασιακές Σχέσεις Law 4554/2018: Insurance and pension regulations - Tackling undeclared work - strengthening the employees’ protection - Guardianship of unaccompanied minors and other provisions (OJHR A-130/18.07.2018); Law 4472/2017: on implementation measures for fiscal goals and reforms, medium-term financial strategy framework 2018-2021 and other provisions (Government Gazette Ά 74/19.05.2017); Law 1387/1983: on collective dismissals; Law 3863/2010: New social security system and related provisions. Regulation of labour relations
Greece: Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Greece Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Νόμος 4601/2019 (ΦΕΚ 44/Α/09-03-2019) Εταιρικοί μετασχηματισμοί και εναρμόνιση του νομοθετικού πλαισίου με τις διατάξεις της Οδηγίας 2014/55/ΕΕ του Ευρωπαϊκού Κοινοβουλίου και του Συμβουλίου της 16ης Απριλίου 2014 για την έκδοση ηλεκτρονικών τιμολογίων στο πλαίσιο δημόσιων συμβάσεων και λοιπές διατάξεις; Νόμος 4472/2017 (ΦΕΚ Α' 74/19-5-2017) Συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις Δημοσίου και τροποποίηση διατάξεων του ν. 4387/2016, μέτρα εφαρμογής των δημοσιονομικών στόχων και μεταρρυθμίσεων, μέτρα κοινωνικής στήριξης και εργασιακές ρυθμίσεις, Μεσοπρόθεσμο Πλαίσιο Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2018-2021 και λοιπές διατάξεις; ΠΔ 178/2002: Μέτρα σχετικά με την προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των εργαζομένων σε περίπτωση μεταβίβασης επιχειρήσεων, εγκαταστάσεων ή τμημάτων εγκαταστάσεων ή επιχειρήσεων, σε συμμόρφωση προς την Οδηγία 98/50/ΕΚ του Συμβουλίου; ΠΔ 240/2006 περί θεσπίσεως γενικού πλαισίου ενημέρωσης και διαβούλευσης των εργαζομένων, σύμφωνα με την Οδηγία 2002/14/ΕΚ; Νόμος 1387/1983 για τις ομαδικές απολύσεις; Νόμος 3863/2010: Νέο σύστημα κοινωνικής ασφάλισης και άλλες διατάξεις. Ρυθμίσεις για τις εργασιακές σχέσεις Law 4601/2019 (OJHR 44/A/09-03-2019) Corporate transformations and harmonisation of the legislative framework with the provisions of Directive 2014/55/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 on electronic invoicing in public procurement and other provisions; Law 4472/2017 (Government Gazette Ά 74/19.05.2017) on implementation measures for fiscal goals and reforms, medium-term financial strategy framework 2018-2021 and other provisions; PD 178/2002 on measures for safeguarding employees' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, businesses or parts of businesses, transposing Directive 98/50/EC; PD 240/2006 on establishing a general framework for informing and consulting employees in the European Community, transposing Directive 2002/14/EC; Law 1387/1983 on collective dismissals; Law 3863/2010: New Social Security System and related provisions. Regulation of labour relations
Greece: Severance pay/redundancy compensation Greece Severance pay/redundancy compensation Νόμος 4611/2019: Ρύθμιση οφειλών προς τους Φορείς Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης, τη Φορολογική Διοίκηση και τους Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ βαθμού, Συνταξιοδοτικές Ρυθμίσεις Δημοσίου και λοιπές ασφαλιστικές και συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις, ενίσχυση της προστασίας των εργαζομένων και άλλες διατάξεις; N. 4488/2017: Συνταξιοδοτικές ρυθμίσεις Δημοσίου και λοιπές ασφαλιστικές διατάξεις, ενίσχυση της προστασίας των εργαζομένων, δικαιώματα ατόμων με αναπηρίες και άλλες διατάξεις, (ΦΕΚ Α' 137/13-09-2017); Νόμος 4093/2012: Eγκριση Μεσοπρόθεσμου Πλαισίου Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2013−2016 − Επείγοντα Μέτρα Εφαρμογής του ν. 4046/2012 και του Μεσοπρόθεσμου Πλαισίου Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2013−2016 Law 4611/2019: Settlement of debts to social security institutions, the tax administration, and first-level local authorities, pension Regulations for civil servants, and other insurance and pension provisions, strengthening the employees’ protection and other provisions (OJHR A-73/17.05.2019 and A-75/22-05-2019); Law 4488/2017: Pension regulations for civil servants, and other insurance provisions, strengthening the employees’ protection, rights of persons with disabilities, and other provisions (Law No. 3863/2010 on social security, July 2010 (Government Gazette, Bulletin Α 115/15.07.2010), as last amended by Law 4488/2017 of 13 September 2017; Law 4093/2012: Adoption of the medium-term fiscal Strategy 2013-2016 - Urgent measures for the implementation of Law 4046/2012 and the medium-term financial strategy 2013-2016
Greece: Working time flexibility Greece Working time flexibility Νόμος 4611/2019: Ρύθμιση οφειλών προς τους Φορείς Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης, τη Φορολογική Διοίκηση και τους Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ βαθμού, Συνταξιοδοτικές Ρυθμίσεις Δημοσίου και λοιπές ασφαλιστικές και συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις, ενίσχυση της προστασίας των εργαζομένων και άλλες διατάξεις, (ΦΕΚ Α' 73/17.05.2019 και Α' 75/22-05-2019); Έγγραφο 34186/564/18-8-2015, Υπ. Εργασίας, Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης και Κοινωνικής Αλληλεγγύης, Παροχή πληροφόρησης επί χρονικών ορίων εργασίας; Νόμος 3986/2011Επείγοντα Μέτρα Εφαρμογής Μεσοπρόθεσμου Πλαισίου Δημοσιονομικής Στρατηγικής 2012 - 2015; N. 3846/2010 Εγγυήσεις γαι την εργασιακή ασφάλεια και άλλες διατάξεις Law 4611/2019: Settlement of debts to social security institutions, the tax administration, and first-level local authorities, pension regulations for civil servants, and other insurance and pension provisions, strengthening the employees’ protection and other provisions' (OJHR A-73/17.05.2019 and A-75/22-05-2019); Circular 34186/564/18-8-2015, Ministry of Labour, Social Security and Social Solidarity, information on working times; Law 3986/2011: Urgent measures for the implementation of the medium-term financial strategy framework 2012 - 2015; Law 3846/2010 Guarantees for employment security and other provisions
Greece: Effects of non-compliance with dismissal regulations Greece Effects of non-compliance with dismissal regulations Νόμος 4611/2019: Ρύθμιση οφειλών προς τους Φορείς Κοινωνικής Ασφάλισης, τη Φορολογική Διοίκηση και τους Ο.Τ.Α. α΄ βαθμού, Συνταξιοδοτικές Ρυθμίσεις Δημοσίου και λοιπές ασφαλιστικές και συνταξιοδοτικές διατάξεις, ενίσχυση της προστασίας των εργαζομένων και άλλες διατάξεις (ΦΕΚ Α' 73/17.05.2019 και Α' 75/22-05-2019); Νόμος 3996/2011ΑΝΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΗ ΤΟΥ ΣΩΜΑΤΟΣ ΕΠΙΘΕΩΡΗΣΗΣ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΣ, ΡΥΘΜΙΣΕΙΣ ΘΕΜΑΤΩΝ ΚΟΙΝΩΝΙΚΗΣ ΑΣΦΑΛΙΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΛΛΕΣ ΔΙΑΤΑΞΕΙΣ; Νόμος Υπ' Αριθ. 3850 / 2010: Κύρωση του Κώδικα νόμων για την υγεία και την ασφάλεια των εργαζομένων; Νόμος1387/1983 – Έλεγχος Ομαδικών Απολύσεων και άλλες διατάξεις Law 4611/2019: Settlement of debts to social security institutions, the tax administration, and first-level local authorities; pension regulations for civil servants, and other insurance and pension provisions, strengthening the employees’ protection and other provisions (OJHR A 73/17.05.2019 and A 75/22-05-2019); Law 3996/2011 reforming the labour inspection body, social security regulations and other provisions; Law 3850 of 2010 ratifying the code of laws related to occupational safety and health; Law 1387/1983 on collective dismissals
Cyprus: Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Cyprus Staff information and consultation on restructuring plans Ν. 78(Ι)/2005 – Ο περί της Θέσπισης Γενικού Πλαισίου Ενημέρωσης και Διαβούλευσης των Εργοδοτουμένων νόμος του 2005; Ν. 68(Ι)/2002 – Ο περί σύστασης Ευρωπαϊκών Επιτροπών Επιχειρήσεων Νόμος του 2002-2011; Ν. 28(I)/2001 - Ο περί Ομαδικών Απολύσεων Νόμος του 2001 Law 78(I)/2005 on Establishing a General Framework of Information and Consultation of Employees; Law 106(I)/2011 on the Establishment of European Workers' Councils of 2011-2018; Law 28(I)/2001 on Collective Dismissals of 2001-2018.
Bulgaria: Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Bulgaria Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Закон за гарантираните вземания на работниците и служителите при несъстоятелност на работодателя; Закон за държавно обществено осигуряване, Кодекс за социално осигуряване Law for guaranteeing workers' and employees' receivables in the event of employer's insolvency; Law on the state social security budget; Social insurance code
Romania: Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Romania Wage guarantee in case of insolvency Legea nr. 200/2006 privind constituirea şi utilizarea Fondului de garantare pentru plata creanţelor salariale; Legea nr. 227/2015 - Codul fiscal Law no. 200/2006 regarding the establishment and use of a guarantee fund for debt salaries; Law no. 227/2015 - Fiscal Code
Czechia: Severance pay/redundancy compensation Czechia Severance pay/redundancy compensation Zákon č. 262/2006 Sb., Zákoník práce v posledním znění (novelizován v roku 2011 zákonem č. 365/2011 Sb.) Law No. 262/2006 Coll., Labour Code - latest edition (amended by Law No. 365/2011 Coll.)
Romania: Staff information and consultation on business transfers Romania Staff information and consultation on business transfers Legea nr. 67/2006 privind protectia drepturilor salariatilor in cazul transferului intreprinderii, al unitatii sau al unor parti ale acestora, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, nr. 276 din 28 martie 2006 Law no. 67/2006 regarding the transfer of undertakings, businesses, or parts of undertakings or businesses, published in the Official Gazette of Romania, no. 276 of 28 March 2006
Romania: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Romania Employment protection in relation to business transfers Legea nr. 67/2006 privind protectia drepturilor salariatilor in cazul transferului intreprinderii, al unitatii sau al unor parti ale acestora, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, nr. 276 din 28 martie 2006 Law no. 67/2006 regarding the transfer of undertakings, businesses, or parts of undertakings or businesses, published in the Official Gazette of Romania, no. 276 of 28 March 2006

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