EMCC European Monitoring Centre on Change

Restructuring related legislation

Eurofound’s ERM database on restructuring related legal regulations provides information on regulations in the Member States of the European Union and Norway which are explicitly or implicitly linked to anticipating and managing change. The database covers statutory rules, only, and does not include collective agreements or company-level initiatives. The regulations are described in terms of their content, thresholds, involved actors and who covers the cost (if applicable). The aim is to provide an easy possibility of a cross-national comparison of the main features of restructuring related legislation.

Eurofound aims to keep this information up to date and accurate. If errors are brought to our attention, we will try to correct them. However, Eurofound accepts no responsibility or liability whatsoever with regard to the information in this database. This information is:

  • of a general nature only and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual or entity; not necessarily comprehensive, complete, accurate or up to date;
  • sometimes linked to external sites over which Eurofound services have no control and for which Eurofound assumes no responsibility;
  • not professional or legal advice (if specific advice is needed, a suitably qualified professional should be consulted).

Research carried out prior to the UK’s withdrawal from the European Union on 31 January 2020, and published subsequently, may include data relating to the 28 EU Member States. Following this date, research only takes into account the 27 EU Member States (EU28 minus the UK), unless specified otherwise.

498 items found

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  • CountryEU 27 + UK and Norway
  • Titlethe title is made up of the country name and type, for example: Austria: working time flexibility
  • PhaseEither anticipation or management
    • Anticipationrefers to activities that help to prepare workers or companies for change.
    • Managementcovers activities required to handle a current restructuring event while minimising social costs. It refers to the steps involved in implementing an organisational change process.
  • Typethe range includes, for example, provisions for collective dismissal, information/consultation obligations, notice periods and severance payments, training obligations for employers and employees and regulations concerning working time flexibility
  • Choose bywhether the regulation is obligatory in all circumstances or only for companies over a certain size or cases affecting a certain number of workers
  • Cost covered by
    • no specific additional costs are involved
    • costs covered by national or regional governments
    • cost covered by companies in general or the specific employer undergoing restructuring
    • cost covered by employees
  • Involved actorsincluding regional or local government, works councils, employers’ organisations, trade union or public employment services. The national government, as legislator, is assumed to be involved in all regulations so is not included as a filter option.
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Başlık Country Türartan sırada Yerel adı İngilizce adı
Germany: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Germany Employment protection in relation to business transfers Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch Civil Code
Slovakia: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Slovakia Employment protection in relation to business transfers Zákonník práce Labour Code
Estonia: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Estonia Employment protection in relation to business transfers Töölepingu seadus; Võlaõigusseadus Employment Contracts Act; Law of Obligations Act
Greece: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Greece Employment protection in relation to business transfers Εγκύκλιος: 58455/ 2017: Μέτρα σχετικά με την προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των εργαζομένων σε περίπτωση μεταβίβασης επιχειρήσεων, εγκαταστάσεων ή τμημάτων εγκαταστάσεων η επιχειρήσεων, Σώμα Επιθεώρησης Εργασίας, 15 Μαρτίου 2017; Προεδρικό Διάταγμα 178/2002 Μέτρα σχετικά με την προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των εργαζομένων σε περίπτωση μεταβίβασης επιχειρήσεων, εγκαταστάσεων ή τμημάτων εγκαταστάσεων ή επιχειρήσεων, σε συμμόρφωση προς την Οδηγία 98/50/ΕΚ του Συμβουλίου Circular: 58455/2017: Measures concerning the protection of employees’ rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, establishments or parts of establishments or undertakings, labour inspectorate, 15 March 2017; Presidential Decree 178/2002 Measures relating to the protection of workers' rights in the event of transfers of undertakings, establishments or parts of businesses or businesses, in conformity with Council Directive 98/50/EC
Spain: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Spain Employment protection in relation to business transfers Estatuto de los Trabajadores / Law 12/2001 de medidas urgentes de reforma del mercado de trabajo para el incremento del empleo y la mejora de su calidad The Spanish 'Workers Statute' / Law 12/2001 on urgent measures to reform the labour market for increasing employment levels and the improvement of the quality of work
Lithuania: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Lithuania Employment protection in relation to business transfers Darbo kodeksas Nr. XII-2603 Labour code No XII-2603
Hungary: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Hungary Employment protection in relation to business transfers 2012. évi I. törvény a Munka Törvénykönyvéről; 2013. évi V. törvény a Polgári Törvénykönyvről; 2013. évi CLXXVI. törvény az egyes jogi személyek átalakulásáról, egyesüléséről, szétválásáról Act I of 2012 on the Labour Code; Act V of 2013 on the Civil Code; Act CLXXVI of 2013 on the Transformation, Merger and Demerger of Legal Entities (Transformation Act)
Sweden: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Sweden Employment protection in relation to business transfers Lag (1982:80) om anställningsskydd; Lag (1976:580) om medbestämmande i arbetslivet Employment protection act (1982:80); Co-determination act (1976:580)
Bulgaria: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Bulgaria Employment protection in relation to business transfers Кодекс на труда Labour Code
Malta: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Malta Employment protection in relation to business transfers Att dwar L-Impiegi u r-Relazzjonijiet Industrijali (Kap 452 tal-Ligijiet ta' Malta); Regolamenti dwar Ħarsien tal-Impiegi fit-Trasferiment Avviz Legali 433 tal-2002, kif emendat bl-Avviżi Legali 427 tal-2007, 195 tal-2010, 129 u 443 u 467 tal-2011, 363 tal-2012, 483 tal-2014, u 285 tal-2017 Employment and Industrial Relations Act (Chapter 452 of the Laws of Malta); Transfer of Business (Protection of Employment) Regulations Legal Notice 433 of 2002 amended by L.N. 427 of 2007; L.N. 195 of 2010; L.N. 129 of 2011; L.N. 443 and 443 of 2011; L.N. 363 of 2012; L.N. 483 of 2014​; L.N. 285 of 2017​
Ireland: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Ireland Employment protection in relation to business transfers The European Communities (Protection of Employees on Transfer of Undertakings) Regulations 2003; S.I. No. 15/2018 - European Communities (Seafarers) Regulations 2018 The European Communities (Protection of Employees on Transfer of Undertakings) Regulations 2003; S.I. No. 15/2018 - European Communities (Seafarers) Regulations 2018
United Kingdom: Employment protection in relation to business transfers United Kingdom Employment protection in relation to business transfers Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employement) Regulations 2006 (TUPE); Collective Redundancies and Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations 2014 Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employement) Regulations 2006 (TUPE); Collective Redundancies and Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations 2014
Romania: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Romania Employment protection in relation to business transfers Legea nr. 67/2006 privind protectia drepturilor salariatilor in cazul transferului intreprinderii, al unitatii sau al unor parti ale acestora, publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, nr. 276 din 28 martie 2006 Law no. 67/2006 regarding the transfer of undertakings, businesses, or parts of undertakings or businesses, published in the Official Gazette of Romania, no. 276 of 28 March 2006
Italy: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Italy Employment protection in relation to business transfers Codice civile; Codice di Procedura Civile; Legge 29 Dicembre 1990, n. 428, Disposizioni per l'adempimento di obblighi derivanti dall'appartenenza dell'Italia alle Comunità europee; Decreto Legislativo 10 Settembre 2003, n. 276, Attuazione delle deleghe in materia di occupazione e mercato del lavoro, di cui alla legge 14 febbraio 2003, n. 30; Decreto Legislativo 6 Ottobre 2004, n. 251, Disposizioni correttive del decreto legislativo 10 settembre 2003, n. 276, in materia di occupazione e mercato del lavoro Civil Code; Civil Procedure Code; Law 29 December 1990, no.428, Provisions for the fulfillment of obligations deriving from Italy’s membership of the European Communities; Legislative Decree of 10 September 2003, no. 276, Implementation of provisions concerning employment and labour market, mandated by Law of 14 February 2003, no. 30; Legislative Decree no. 251 of 6 October 2004, Provisions amending Legislative Decree of 10 September 2003, no. 2765, concerning employment and the labour market
Croatia: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Croatia Employment protection in relation to business transfers Zakon o radu 93/14, 127/17 Labour Act 93/14, 127/17
Austria: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Austria Employment protection in relation to business transfers Arbeitsvertragsrechtsanpassungsgesetz (AVRAG) Employment Law Harmonisation Act
Latvia: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Latvia Employment protection in relation to business transfers Darba Likums Labour law
Slovenia: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Slovenia Employment protection in relation to business transfers Zakon o delovnih razmerjih (ZDR-1) Employment Relationship Act (ZDR-1)
Belgium: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Belgium Employment protection in relation to business transfers Collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst nr. 32 bis gesloten op 7 juni 1985 in de Nationale Arbeidsraad, betreffende het behoud van de rechten van de werknemers bij wijziging van werkgever ingevolge de overgang van ondernemingen krachtens overeenkomst en tot regeling van de rechten van de werknemers die overgenomen worden bij overname van activa na faillissement / Convention collective de travail No 32 BIS conclue le 7 juin 1985 au sein du Conseil national du travail, concernant le maintien des droits des travailleurs en cas de changement d'employeur du fait d'un transfert conventionnel d'entreprise et réglant les droits des travailleurs repris en cas de reprise de l'actif après faillit; Collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst nr. 9 houdende ordening van de in de Nationale Arbeidsraad gesloten nationale akkoorden en collectieve arbeidsovereenkomsten betreffende de ondernemingsraden / Convention collective de travail n° 9 du 9 mars 1972 coordonnant les accords nationaux et les conventions collectives de travail relatifs aux conseils d'entreprise conclus au sein du Conseil national du Travail; Collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst nr. 6 van 30 juni 1971 Betreffende de faciliteiten welke moeten verleend worden aan leden die de werknemers in de comités voor veiligheid, gezondheid en verfraaiing der werkplaatsen vertegenwoordigen / Convention collective de travail n° 6 du 30 juin 1971 concernant les facilités à consentir aux membres représentant les travailleurs aux comités de sécurité, d'hygiène et d'embellissement des lieux de travail ; Wet van 4 augustus 1996 betreffende het welzijn van de werknemers bij de uitvoering van hun werk / Loi du 4 Aout 1996 relative au bien-être des travailleurs lors de l'exécution de leur travail ; Wet van 5 december 1968 betreffende de collectieve arbeidsovereenkomsten en de paritaire comités / Loi du 5 decembre 1968 sur les conventions collectives de travail et les commissions paritaires; "Collective labour agreement nr. 32 bis agreed upon 7th of June 1985 in the National Labour Council, concerning the retention of employee rights in case of a change of employer due to a transfer of enterprises by force of agreement, and the establisment of employee rights for those retained in case of a take-over of assets after closure"; Collective labour agreement nr. 9 with relation to the ordering of the national agreements and collective labour argreements made by the National Labour Councils concerning the Workcouncils; Collective labour agreement nr. 6 of 30th of June 1971 concerning the facilities which have to be provided to members wih represent employees in the comités for saftey, health and beautification of places of work.; Law of 4th of August 1996 concerning the well-being of employees during the exectuion of their work; Law of 5th December 1968 concerning the collective labour agreements and the joint commitees.
Luxembourg: Employment protection in relation to business transfers Luxembourg Employment protection in relation to business transfers Labour Code Labour Code

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