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Předvídání a řízení dopadu změn

Předvídání a řízení dopadu změn tvoří jednu ze šesti hlavních činností pracovního programu nadace Eurofound na období 2021–2024. Nadace Eurofound předloží důkazy o strukturálním rozvoji, který má vliv na evropské hospodářství a trhy práce a který je do značné míry důsledkem digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství , ale také krize COVID-19. Cílem výzkumu je pomoci tvůrcům politik předvídat tyto změny a připravit na ně evropské trhy práce a pracoviště.

Od roku 2021 bude nadace Eurofound zpřístupňovat informace o dopadu těchto megatrendů na životní a pracovní podmínky v EU. V oblasti digitalizace se výzkum zaměří na dopad na zaměstnanost a pracovní podmínky, jakož i na trh práce. Výzkum se bude mimo jiné zabývat sociálním dialogem a jeho rolí při utváření strukturálních změn, právního rámce, sociální ochrany a umělé inteligence. V návaznosti na předchozí výzkum o práci prostřednictvím platforem bude období 2021–2024 příležitostí zaměřit se na zmapování a vyhodnocení efektivity politických iniciativ v rámci řešení obtíží zjištěných u práce prostřednictvím platforem.

Cílem nadace Eurofound je také prozkoumat příslušné socioekonomické dopady a podpořit tak přechod EU na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství, včetně oběhového hospodářství a zavedení nástroje EU na podporu oživení Next Generation EU. Tyto dopady zahrnují změny v oblasti zaměstnanosti a transformaci pracovních pozic a pracovních podmínek, jakož i distribuční dopad politik v oblasti změny klimatu. Část této činnosti bude navazovat na výsledky pilotního projektu o budoucnosti výroby provedeného nadací Eurofound.

V této činnosti bude nadace Eurofound pokračovat i v letech 2021–2024, přičemž bude spolupracovat s různými mezinárodními organizacemi a agenturami EU, například s Evropskou agenturou pro životní prostředí (EEA) na téma sociálních dopadů politiky v oblasti změny klimatu. Bude také konsolidována stávající spolupráce s dalšími výzkumnými subjekty v oblasti digitalizace – Společným výzkumným střediskem (JRC), Agenturou EU pro základní práva (FRA) a Evropskou agenturou pro bezpečnost a ochranu zdraví při práci (EU-OSHA). Počítá se rovněž s rozvojem partnerství s Mezinárodní organizací práce v oblasti měnícího se světa práce.

„Evropské hospodářství a trhy práce se vyznačují tím, že se na nich projevuje dopad megatrendů, zejména digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství. Je důležité prozkoumat, jak přesně tyto transformace fungují, co se mění a jaký to bude mít dopad nejen na podniky, ale také na pracovní sílu a společnost.“

Irene Mandl, vedoucí oddělení zaměstnanosti

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Klíčová politická sdělení

Infografika

Hlavní zjištění výzkumu nadace Eurofound slouží jako podklad pro tvůrce politik při řešení některých klíčových problémů v této oblasti.

  • Zásadní význam má při souběžném přechodu do digitálního věku a na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství podpora zaměstnavatelů a zaměstnanců. Kromě tohoto strukturálního vývoje představuje obrovskou výzvu pro evropské hospodářství a trh práce nedávná pandemie COVID-19.
  • Na evropských trzích práce se stále více prosazují nové formy zaměstnanosti, jako je práce prostřednictvím platforem a mobilní práce s využitím informačních a komunikačních technologií. Za jejich rozvojem stojí využívání informačních a komunikačních technologií a jsou pro ně charakteristické nové typy pracovněprávních vztahů mezi zaměstnavatelem a zaměstnancem, které mění organizaci a formy práce. Na evropské trhy práce, které čelí přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství a digitální transformaci v kontextu pandemie COVID-19, přináší příležitosti i rizika.
  • Digitální technologie mění práci i pracoviště a vyvolávají na trhu práce změny, jako jsou restrukturalizace a ztráty pracovních míst, začínají se však rovněž objevovat nové profily pracovních pozic. Charakter úkolů u pracovních pozic se přizpůsobuje digitalizaci výroby a služeb. Výsledkem je poptávka po odlišných dovednostech.
  • Bude důležité prozkoumat společné vlivy digitalizace a přechodu na uhlíkově neutrální hospodářství po pandemii COVID-19 a způsob, jak se navzájem posilují nebo jak mohou přínosy na jedné straně vyvážit negativní vlivy na straně druhé.
  • Potenciál k vytváření, shromažďování a používání velkého množství dat, který přinášejí nové technologie, může zlepšit konkurenceschopnost evropských podniků a kvalitu pracovních míst. Bude však velmi důležité zajistit vyjasnění a řádnou regulaci důležitých otázek, jako je vlastnictví údajů a jejich ochrana, a zavést příslušná řešení, aby nedocházelo ke zneužívání údajů a neetickému chování.

2021–2024 work plan

From 2021 onwards, Eurofound provides insights into the impact of these megatrends on living and working conditions in the EU. In the area of digitalisation, research focuses on the impact on employment and working conditions, as well as on the labour market. Research topics include social dialogue and its role in shaping structural change, regulatory frameworks, social protection and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Building on previous research on platform work, the 2021–2024 period presents an opportunity to focus on mapping and providing an assessment of the effectiveness of policy initiatives in tackling the challenges identified with platform work.

Eurofound aims to support the EU’s transition to a carbon-neutral economy, including the circular economy and the implementation of the EU’s recovery instrument NextGenerationEU, by investigating the socioeconomic effects. These include employment shifts and the transformation of jobs and working conditions, as well as the distributional impact of climate change policies. Some of this work builds on the results of a pilot project on the future of manufacturing (FOME) carried out by Eurofound.

Eurofound cooperates with various international organisations and EU agencies, for example with the European Environment Agency (EEA) in the area of social impacts of climate change policies. Furthermore, Eurofound aims to consolidate existing collaboration with other research actors in the fields of digitalisation – the Joint Research Centre (JRC), Fundamental Rights Agency (FRA) and European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA). Further partnership is forseen with the International Labour Organization (ILO) on the subject of the changing world of work.

Addressing stakeholder priorities

Eurofound’s research aims to assist policy action to address the transitions to both a carbon-neutral economy and the digital age in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as helping to understand the impact of these changes at EU and national levels. For example, research on the impact of these drivers of change on the workplace level provides insight into how to best support employers and workers so they can seize the opportunities and mitigate the challenges related to these developments. Eurofound’s research seeks to support businesses in their efforts to adapt to a constantly evolving global economy. Furthermore, the examination of the distributional impacts of climate change policies and of measures to ensure social justice provides knowledge to help implement the Just Transition Fund. The monitoring of reforms and recent financial support also allows for an exchange of policy approaches and lessons learned.

The Agency’s work plan is aligned with the European Commission’s political guidelines for 2021–2024, feeding directly into a number of key policy areas aimed at creating a strong social Europe. In particular, the research will support the following Commission priorities:

 

Eurofound research

In 2024, Eurofound continues its research on the impact of digitalisation and the transition to a climate-neutral economy on working life. 

Various research strands linked with the digital and green transitions come to completion. This includes research into the impact of new developments in human–machine interaction on work organisation and working conditions. Research concludes on the impact of changes caused by the twin transitions at the sectoral level, focusing on the transformation of business activities, occupational and skill profiles, work organisation and working conditions. And analysis wraps up on the roles, opportunities and challenges of policy actors in the just transition, examining the design and implementation of Just Transition policies at the regional level, their mechanisms and the actors involved. 

Research continues on the impact of the green and digital transitions on the labour market and labour market actors with a project to explore company restructuring approaches and their ongoing adaptation strategies. Further research takes place on the socioeconomic impact of the transition to a carbon-neutral economy, monitoring the employment and social dimension of the green transition.

New research focuses on how managers’ roles and functions are impacted by the increase in telework and the shift towards more hybrid working in terms of challenges and opportunities.

The ongoing monitoring of the developments in the platform economy continues through Eurofound’s regularly updated web repository. Building on previous studies on platform work and the ongoing monitoring of policies and measures with regard to platform work through the web repository, new research focuses on the working conditions of online platform workers. This work aims to explore the characteristics of online platform workers and how they fare in relation to contractual arrangements and job quality, including pay, work intensity, working time, occupational health and safety, social environment and career prospects. It also explores the career goals of platform workers. 

Key outputs

Eurofound expert(s)

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Tina Weber is a senior research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Her work has focused on labour shortages, the impact of hybrid work and an ‘always on’ culture and the...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
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Czech Republic: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Employers requesting government help in hiring foreign labour, plus government attempts to deal with the fourth industrial revolution and the digitalisation of the economy, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the

United Kingdom: Latest working life developments – Q4 2016

The latest developments on Brexit, the government’s review of the ‘future world of work’, the tribunal victory for Uber drivers and the strikes in December are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the UK in the fourth

France: First company-level agreement on digital transformation signed at Orange

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