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Sociální dialog

Sociální dialog lze definovat jako vyjednávání, konzultace, společné akce, diskuse a sdílení informací mezi zaměstnavateli a zaměstnanci. Dobře fungující sociální dialog je klíčovým nástrojem pro formování pracovních podmínek, do něhož je zapojena řada různých aktérů na různých úrovních. Nachází rovnováhu mezi zájmy zaměstnanců a zaměstnavatelů a přispívá k hospodářské konkurenceschopnosti i sociální soudržnosti.

Politické diskuze na úrovni EU zdůrazňují, že především od krize v roce 2008 se objevily nové diskuze o sociální spravedlnosti, demokracii, kvalitě práce a nových modelech vztahů mezi sociálními partnery, což staví tradiční pracovněprávní vztahy a systémy sociálního dialogu před nové výzvy.

Třicet let po historickém zahájení evropského sociálního dialogu ve Val Duchesse v Bruselu Komise dala tomuto procesu nový impulz vyhlášením nového začátku pro sociální dialog na akci na vysoké úrovni konané 5. března 2015, na níž se sešly organizace sociálních partnerů z celé Evropy. Evropský sociální dialog je nástrojem sociální politiky EU, který se přímo podílí na formování pracovněprávních předpisů a politik EU.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Činnost nadace Eurofound

Tvůrci politik potřebují solidní fakta, aby pochopili změny, které na trhu práce probíhají, a mohli reagovat na měnící se dynamiku pracovněprávních vztahů v Evropě. Eurofound používá údaje a analýzy své sítě korespondentů ve 28 členských státech EU a Norsku k mapování trendů a vzorců a ke zdůraznění příkladů řádně fungujícího sociálního dialogu na evropské i vnitrostátní úrovni.

Výzkum nadace Eurofound je zaměřen na aspekty, jako je účast zaměstnanců, kolektivní vyjednávání, zastoupení zaměstnanců a pracovněprávní vztahy na všech úrovních. Zkoumá, do jaké míry se pracovněprávní vztahy přizpůsobily vzniku nadnárodních organizací. Na danou problematiku nahlíží také z globálního hlediska, přičemž srovnává systémy pracovněprávních vztahů a výsledky ekonomik mimo EU, například v USA a Japonsku.

Hlavní příspěvky

Eurofound má za sebou za více než 40 let rozsáhlé činnosti v oblasti sledování měnících se stránek sociálního dialogu v Evropě na různých úrovních: podnikové, vnitrostátní, evropské a mezinárodní.

V posledních letech nadace Eurofound provedla hloubkové analýzy různých ústředních aspektů sociálního dialogu, např.: 

Studie v oblasti reprezentativnosti, které nadace Eurofound provedla v různých odvětvích na základě pověření Komise z roku 2006, poskytují základní informace potřebné pro zřízení a fungování výborů pro evropský odvětvový sociální dialog.

Zdroje

Evropský slovník vztahů mezi sociálními partnery byl vytvořen v roce 2005 jako on-line referenční nástroj pro tvůrce politik a pracovníky z praxe, který je cenným zdrojem informací o zaměstnanosti a pracovněprávních vztazích v EU. Profily zemí z hlediska pracovního života poskytují relevantní kontextové informace o strukturách, institucích a právních předpisech upravujících pracovní život ve 28 členských státech EU a na úrovni EU.

Účelem databází informací o kolektivním vyjednávání o mzdách a o mzdách, pracovní době a kolektivních sporech je poskytnout výzkumným pracovníkům a tvůrcům politik kvantitativní a kvalitativní údaje o těchto tématech ve všech členských státech a Norsku od roku 2000 do současnosti.

Key outputs

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Kolektivní pracovní spory v EU

V posledních letech došlo k obecnému poklesu protestních akcí ve všech členských státech EU, a to kromě několika přerušovaných výkyvů. Během pandemie COVID-19 tento trend pokračoval, přičemž k nejvýznamnějším pracovním...

7 Únor 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Březen 2021
Publication
Other
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Vztahy mezi sociálními partnery: vývoj v letech 2015-2019

V rámci svého poslání podporovat dialog mezi sociálními partnery nadace Eurofound sleduje a analyzuje vývoj systémů vztahů mezi sociálními partnery na úrovni EU a v členských státech EU již více...

11 Prosinec 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Správa sociálních záležitostí v rámci Nástroje pro oživení a odolnost: zapojení vnitrostátních sociálních partnerů

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024
Publication
Research report
Pracovněprávní vztahy a sociální dialog
Sociální dialog
Social partners
Pracovněprávní vztahy
Structural change

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Furniture sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Woodworking sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the social partners in European cross-industry social dialogue

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Professional football sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Etická digitalizace na pracovišti: od teorie k praxi

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Předvídání a řízení dopadu změn
Digitální éra: příležitosti a výzvy pro práci a zaměstnanost
Working conditions
Sociální dialog
Agreements
Skills and training
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Řešení rostoucí inflace v rámci odvětvového kolektivního vyjednávání o mzdách

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Pracovněprávní vztahy a sociální dialog
Minimální mzda
Collective bargaining
Agreements
Mzdy a příjmy
Pracovněprávní vztahy
Sociální dialog
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Involvement of social partners in the implementation of national recovery and resilience plans

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Trends in national social dialogue in responding to external shocks or crises: Background paper

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023
Publication
Customised report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Civil aviation sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Online resources results (435)

Slovenia: Employers withdraw from social agreement for 2015–2016

Slovenian employer organisations withdrew from the 2015–2016 social agreement at the end of November 2015, after Parliament approved amendments to the law on the minimum wage. Employers said the government had acted unacceptably and arbitrarily in making the changes. Trade unions, however, argue

23 Květen 2016
Article
Agreements
Social partners
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Government plans to combat high levels of unemployment, controversial revisions to the Labour Code, negotiations about unemployment insurance schemes and the impact of digitalisation on working life are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest

16 Květen 2016
Article
Non-standard employment
Labour law
Labour market policies
Teleworking
Job quality
Work-life balance
Working time
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Luxembourg: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Tax reforms welcomed by social partners, failed negotiations over working time legislation, a slight decrease in unemployment levels, and reforms to parental leave allowance are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

10 Květen 2016
Article
Leave
Working time
Social dialogue
Social partners
Labour law
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Latvia: Developments in working life - Q1 2016

Changes in labour and tax legislation, preparations for Latvia’s accession to the OECD and, connected with this, increased political focus on corruption and the shadow economy are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

29 Duben 2016
Article
Fraudulent work
Social dialogue
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Italy: New Stability Law extends range of tax-exempt benefits

Italy’s 2016 Stability Law supports the uptake of private welfare measures by extending the types of tax-exempt benefits offered by employers to include those agreed through collective bargaining.

27 Duben 2016
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Denmark: Tripartite agreement on integration of refugees

On 17 April 2016, the Danish government concluded tripartite negotiations with social partner confederations with an agreement on the integration of refugees. Those with no or few competencies are to be offered internships on apprentice wage level, combined with Danish lessons and the possibility

22 Duben 2016
Article
Migration and mobility
Minimum wage
Labour market participation
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Finland: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Talks on the Competitiveness Pact, threats to the formation of a new peak-level organisation, and an agreement on a wage freeze are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the first quarter of 2016.

20 Duben 2016
Article
Working time
Social dialogue
Social partners
Working conditions
Employment and labour markets
Industrial relations
Labour and social regulation
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Croatia: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

​The election of Croatia’s new Prime Minister and government, and serious challenges to public finance over public-sector wages are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Croatia in the first quarter of 2016.

20 Duben 2016
Article
Pay and income
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Industrial relations
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Italy: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Consultation on the renewal of industrial relations regulations, a proposal for a Charter of Universal Labour Rights, new rules on self-employment and 'smart working', and negotiations for the renewal of the collective bargaining agreement in the metalworking sector are the main topics of interest

19 Duben 2016
Article
Non-standard employment
Collective bargaining
Social dialogue
Labour law
Industrial relations
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Agreement signed to protect compulsory supplementary pension schemes

In France, two compulsory supplementary pension schemes managed by the social partners are facing financial difficulties. The social partners have signed an agreement to protect the schemes. The agreement introduces a bonus–penalty system to encourage employees to retire later.

15 Únor 2016
Article
Social dialogue
Retirement
Public services
Industrial relations
Social policies
Living conditions and quality of life
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Listopad 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Červen 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers

28 Říjen 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to

28 Březen 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at

3 Říjen 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue

20 Duben 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

December 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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