Living and working in Europe 2019
Published: 8 June 2020
Living and working in Europe, Eurofound’s 2019 yearbook, provides a snapshot of the latest developments in the work and lives of Europeans as explored in the Agency’s research activities over the course of 2019. The range of topics as a result is broad, from the growing diversity of employment across EU regions to rising trust in national institutions to developments in minimum wages. This overview also describes how Eurofound's activities connect with the policy priorities of the European Commission. The yearbook is accompanied by the Consolidated annual activity report 2019, which is the Agency’s formal reporting on operations, staff and budgets – see Related content.
This section provides information on the data contained in this publication.
Tables
Table 1: Five common types of platform work
Table 2: Countries with declining performance on six dimensions of working conditions
Table 3: Countries with declining performance on Prospects dimension
Table 4: Gender differences in exposure to job demands and access to resources
Table 5: Approaches to minimum wage-setting in Member States and the UK
Table 6: Classification of Member States and the UK by school system
Table 7: Difficulties faced by service providers
Table 8: Target groups with problems accessing services
Table 9: Well-being of older people compared by household type
Graphs
Figure 1: Announced job losses and gains, EU27 and the UK, 2008–2018
Figure 2: Announced job losses and gains in sectors (in thousands), EU27 and the UK, 2018
Figure 3: Announced job losses and gains, by NUTS 2 region, EU27 and the UK, 2018
Figure 4: Convergence patterns in the employment rate at national and regional levels, EU27 and the UK, 2004–2016
Figure 5: Employment structures across region types (%), EU27 and the UK, 2002 and 2017
Figure 6: Polarisation and upgrading in regions compared to average in nine countries, 2002
Figure 7: Polarisation and upgrading in regions compared to average in nine countries, 2017
Figure 8: Average life satisfaction in capital cities of Member States and the UK compared with the rest of the country, 2016
Figure 9: Contribution of different factors to low resilience
Figure 10: Proportion of people experiencing housing insecurity in Member States and UK capital cities compared to the rest of the country (%), 2016
Figure 11: Transition rate (%) from temporary to permanent employment in four Member States
Figure 12: Transition rate (%) from temporary employment to unemployment in four Member States
Figure 13: Transition rate (%) from unemployment to employment in four Member States
Figure 14: Convergence patterns in the subdimensions of working conditions
Figure 15: Job demands and resources by employment contract
Figure 16: Job demands, job resources and health outcomes by job insecurity
Figure 17: Links between demands and regularity and predictability of working time
Figure 18: Links between resources and regularity and predictability of working time
Figure 19: Links between health outcomes and regularity and predictability of working time
Figure 20: Nominal and real increases in statutory minimum wages (%), Member States and the UK, 2018–2019
Figure 21: Distance from the lowest and median minimum wages to the highest minimum wage in the EU and the UK (%), 2010–2019
Figure 22: Percentage difference in gross and net minimum wage, Member States and the UK, 2018–2019
Figure 23: Ratings on trust in institutions, EU27 and the UK, 2007, 2011 and 2016
Figure 24: Effect of various individual and macro-level factors on trust in institutions
Figure 25: How three sources of insecurity relate to level of trust in institutions
Figure 26: Scores on trust in institutions by level of old-age income insecurity and perceived quality of pension system
Figure 27: High and low educational attainment (%), Member States and the UK, 2018
Figure 28: Member States and the UK ranked by scores on advanced skills and development (%)
Figure 29: Average scores of Member States on quality of the education system
Figure 30: Ratings of young people on a social exclusion index, Member States and the UK, 2011 and 2016
Figure 31: Proportion of young people at risk of depression (%), Member States and the UK, 2016
Figure 32: Proportion of young people at risk of depression by income quartile (%), EU27 and the UK, 2016
Figure 33: Proportion of people reporting poor health (%), by age group and household type, EU27 and the UK, 2016
Figure 34: Well-being and satisfaction scores, by household type, EU27 and the UK, 2016
Eurofound recommends citing this publication in the following way.
Eurofound (2020), Living and working in Europe 2019, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
