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Discrimination at work

The principle of equal treatment requires that all people, and in the context of the workplace all workers, have the right to receive the same treatment, and will not be discriminated against on the basis of criteria such as gender, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. EU law prohibits discrimination on an increasing number of grounds, meaning that it is difficult for employers to treat people differently without encountering a charge of discrimination and needing to establish an objective justification for doing so. Equal treatment is one of the main principles of the Pillar of Social Rights.

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Eurofound expert(s)

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Tina Weber is a research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Having previously shared her time between the Employment and Working Life units, her work has focused on labour...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
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​Martina Bisello is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. Her research interests include gender gaps in the labour market, occupational change and the impact of...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (7)

Using data from the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey 2021 and building on a theoretical model that differentiates between job stressors and job resources, this report examines key psychosocial risks in the workplace and their impact on health.

23 November 2023

This report assesses the role of the social partners in tackling workplace discrimination. Against the background of EU and national anti-discrimination legislation, it highlights the extent to which the need to tackle discrimination on different grounds is on the radar of cross-sectoral social

31 August 2020

While discrimination against women at work has long been a mainstream topic in research literature, only marginal attention has been paid to discrimination against men. A number of factors may be responsible for this, including change in traditional occupational roles, cultural perceptions of the

27 March 2018

This article discusses the issues related to religion in the workplace, a topic that has received considerable attention in the media recently. An overview of significant cases of dispute between employers and employees is provided, as well as examples of social partners’ initiatives to accommodate

31 July 2017

This article provides an overview of surveys on the working life experiences of LGBT people in the EU and initiatives that aim to tackle this issue. The information is based on contributions from Eurofound’s network of European correspondents.

13 May 2016

This report examines employment opportunities for people with chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes, multiple sclerosis, arthritis and mental health problems in the EU28 Member States and Norway. People with a chronic disease may have a

14 November 2014

This booklet summarises the main findings from national reports of all European Union Member States and Norway on the prevention of racism at the workplace. It reviews the present situation in the labour market regarding discrimination against migrant workers and ethnic minorities, offering a choice

09 April 2001
Publication
Report summary
Online resources results (71)

Differences in working conditions between migrant and native workers

Migrants are often found to report more health problems, associated with their relatively poor position in the labour market and corresponding working conditions. Nevertheless, according to a representative dataset of the Dutch workforce, second generation migrant workers appear to be better

Unfair treatment and discrimination at work

In June 2006, the UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI [1]) published an analysis of Britain’s first large-scale official survey of unfair treatment, perceived discrimination [2], bullying and sexual harassment in the workplace. The report, Fair treatment at work survey 2005: Executive summary

Job–skills mismatch among migrant workers

A survey conducted by the Centre for Social Innovation (Zentrum für Soziale Innovation, ZSI [1]) reveals that many employees’ qualifications are not or are only partly used in Austria. In May 2001, almost 586,000 people had a higher educational level than they needed in their job. More men than

Integrating immigrants into labour market

In the report /Fremtidens arbejdsmiljø/ (Working environment of the future) (DK0601NU05 [1]), the Danish Working Environment Authority (Arbejdstilsynet, WEA [2]) highlighted the main trends for different occupational categories. Among the specific groups identified were immigrants as it is assumed

Job prospects of young people of immigrant parents

The ‘Génération 98’ survey (in French) [1], carried out by the Centre for studies and research on qualifications (Centre d’études et de recherches sur les qualifications, Céreq [2]) in 2001, is based on a sample of 54,000 young people who left school in 1998. It covers therefore their first three

Non-nationals at risk of unemployment and precarious employment

According to the DARES Employment survey (in French) [1] (2003), the unemployment rate among third-country nationals (i.e. those born outside the EU) was 19%, and among French citizens of foreign origin (acquired French citizenship, born outside the EU) the rate was 16%. These figures contrast with

Discrimination against immigrants in the workplace

A study undertaken by the SORA Institute for Social Research and Analysis [1] examines forms and factors of workplace discrimination experienced by immigrants. The target group mainly originates from Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Turkey, from where more than 54% of all Austrian immigrants come

Ethnic discrimination in Swedish labour market

Recent research from Sweden shows that there is extensive ethnic discrimination in the labour market. In Sweden today, approximately 11.5% of the total population were born abroad. The largest groups of migrants are Finnish and other Scandinavian nationalities, followed by residents of former

Union strategies for tackling race inequality

The widely publicised 1999 'MacPherson report' following the police investigation into the murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence, highlighted institutional racism as a major problem in British society. Three years on, this article reviews how the trade union movement has responded to calls for

New legislation enhances employment rights

2001 saw a raft of new legislative measures in the Netherlands, aimed at improving employees' protection and rights. These included: new rights for fixed-term contract workers; a right to refuse Sunday working; new entitlements to leave for care purposes; and measures to combat discrimination on


Blogs results (4)
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Following a sluggish response by many Member States to introduce or modify gender pay transparency measures, as it recommended in 2014, the European Commission intends to table a proposal for EU-level legislation on pay transparency later in 2020. In this context, a new Eurofound study investigated

6 November 2020
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In this blog piece, originally published in Social Europe, Karel Fric and Camilla Galli da Bino look at the issue of discrimination against men in the workplace in Europe, and the current lack of research in this area.

1 May 2018
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This article, originally posted in Social Europe, is based on a comprehensive overview of surveys on the working life experiences of LGBT people in the EU. 17 May is International day against homophobia, transphobia and biphobia. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people face distinct

17 May 2016
Data results (1)
27 October 2023
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