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Quality of society

The quality of society has a major impact on well-being and quality of life. In the aftermath of the global economic crisis, trust among Europeans in society and its institutions declined, causing concerns about economic and social insecurity, perceived inequalities, societal tensions and lack of fairness. With the economic recovery, trust in institutions has also recovered. However, improving the social fabric and citizen engagement remain significant for both individual quality of life and resilience of society as a whole.

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This report investigates the political dimensions of social cohesion in Europe, offering a 20-year perspective derived from 10 rounds of the European Social Survey. It scrutinises trends and regional variations...

26 April 2024
Publication
Research report

Eurofound research

The lives of individuals are intertwined with others, and thus relationships with people in a person’s household, local community and beyond, as well as with institutions and services, play a fundamental role in their quality of life. One reason for the emphasis on the quality of society in Eurofound’s European Quality of Life Survey (EQLS) is the significance of the social and institutional environment – mapping access to collective as well as individual resources.

To examine the quality of society, the EQLS provides information on perceived social exclusion, sense of belonging, trust in people and institutions, satisfaction with democracy and economy, societal tensions between different groups, economic and social insecurity, as well as lack of personal safety. The survey also contains indicators on social cohesion – participation in social activities, voluntary work and civic and political involvement. 

The EQLS 2016, the fourth survey to date, has expanded on the examination of citizens’ perceptions of the quality of society, and in particular the quality, access and fairness of public services. 

  • Exploring wealth and transmission of (dis-) advantage in the context of social mobility, with the possibility to inform policymakers about equality of opportunity and fairness in society 
  • Report to examine fairness and optimism for the future and their relationship to people’s perceptions and realities (objective indicators of social and economic situation and living standards)

Key outputs

Cover image for Eurofound's publication entitled 'Maintaining trust during the COVID-19 pandemic'

The report examines how citizens’ trust in institutions – including national governments, the EU, science and the media – evolved during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021. The role...

16 November 2022
Publication
Research report
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Following a long recovery from the economic crisis (2007–2013), young people in the EU proved to be more vulnerable to the effects of the restrictions put in place to slow...

9 November 2021
Publication
Research report
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This report explores the distribution of household wealth in the EU Member States and analyses the role of wealth in social mobility. Using data from three datasets (the Household Finance...

30 March 2021
Publication
Research report
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Quality of life data show that in most countries, the capital city has advantages compared to the regions outside the capital. In light of the continued growth of capital city...

27 January 2020
Publication
Policy brief
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This report provides an analysis of European societies in terms of social cohesion – in particular, social tensions, perceived social exclusion and community engagement are explored as key dimensions. It...

13 November 2018
Publication
Research report

EU context

Recent policy measures at EU level have addressed the participation of older people and encouraged active ageing. Dealing with the high level of young people not in employment, education, or training (NEETs), youth disengagement and its effects have also been on the agenda. Promoting participation in society has also been shown to play a role in combating social exclusion. EU policies acknowledge the importance of citizen engagement for both the quality of society in Member States and the European project itself.

The Commission’s Social Investment Package calls on Member States to prioritise social investment and to focus on growth and social cohesion in the form of active inclusion strategies and more effective use of social budgets to allow people to participate in society. Through the European Semester process, the Commission will closely monitor the social protection systems of Member States and offer country-specific recommendations where necessary.

The European Pillar of Social Rights, endorsed in November 2017, also emphasises the importance of equal opportunities for all to access the labour market and fully participate in society. 

Eurofound’s work on quality of society links in with the Commission’s 2019–2024 priority on a new push for European democracy. 

 

European Industrial Relations Dictionary 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Massimiliano Mascherini has been Head of the Social Policies unit at Eurofound since October 2019. He joined Eurofound in 2009 as a research manager, designing and coordinating...

Head of Unit,
Social policies research unit
Publications results (53)

Just over 20% of Europeans take part in voluntary and charitable activities, though there are wide differences between Member States. The highest rates are seen in the Nordic Member States (Denmark, Finland, Sweden) and the lowest rates are in Bulgaria, Greece, Malta, Portugal, Romania and Spain

13 February 2011

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

26 September 2010

European cities have become increasingly diverse in ethnic and religious terms. This creates opportunities for cultural innovativeness and international competitiveness. However, the growing diversity in the local population makes influencing and managing intergroup relations and developing

02 August 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

14 July 2010

Urban populations have become increasingly heterogeneous in ethnic, cultural and religious terms. These multi-ethnic, multicultural and multi-religious structures challenge the ability of municipalities to establish or maintain peaceful relations among the different segments of the population. The

06 July 2010

Online resources results (1)

European Quality of Life Survey 2016 New results for the EU candidate countries Event on Improving quality of life in Europe – Sharing data to shape better policies, 26 June 2018, Belgrade, Serbia Presentation by Tadas Leončikas, Senior Research Manager, Eurofound

26 June 2018
Blogs results (4)
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Today is Europe Day, and one hundred young people from Ireland and Ukraine will be marking the event at Eurofound, in peaceful south Dublin. Europe Day has traditionally been seen as a celebration of peace and unity in Europe, but, unfortunately, it must be marked differently this year. Europe Day

9 May 2022
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Vaccine acceptance is key to the success of COVID-19 vaccination campaigns worldwide. Worryingly, over a quarter of people living in Europe are hesitant about taking a COVID-19 vaccine, and the level of hesitancy is especially high among heavy users of social media. The spread of misinformation on

23 June 2021
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Depopulation of rural areas and the concentration of employment and education opportunities in urban centres is a fact of modern life. What impact does this have on the quality of life of rural residents? Do they feel increasingly isolated, and what are the emerging trends? New research by Eurofound

8 May 2019
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Equality of opportunity and upward social mobility are important aspects of the European social model. Until quite recently concerns about rising inequalities were often countered by assurances about protecting social mobility, and the assertion that an individual’s status is mainly down to their

26 April 2017

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