COVID-19
Il-COVID-19 ġab bidla f'ħafna aspetti tal-ħajja tax-xogħol u tal-familja tagħna u, bl-istess mod, l-oqsma kollha tar-riċerka tal-Eurofound ġew ikkaratterizzati mill-COVID-19. L-Aġenzija ħarġet diversi rawnds tal-istħarriġ onlajn issa storiku Living and Working in the EU biex tanalizza l-bidla mgħaġġla li seħħet wara t-tifqigħa tal-pandemija. Fl-istess ħin, l-analiżi fl-istħarriġ eżistenti u riċerka oħra ħarsu speċifikament lejn l-impatti tal-pandemija b'mod ġenerali. L-impatti fit-tul tal-pandemija fuq il-ħajja u d-dinja tax-xogħol ikomplu jkunu parti mir-riċerka li jmiss, li tħares lejn il-bidla fis-suq tax-xogħol, kif id-diġitalizzazzjoni biddlet il-post tax-xogħol, kif il-COVID-19 kellha impatt fuq il-kontinwità tan-negozju u kif il-kriżijiet għandhom impatt fuq l-ugwaljanza u l-koeżjoni fl-Ewropa.
Sib l-aktar kontenut reċenti dwar dan is-suġġett hawn taħt.
Xogħol fi kwalunkwe ħin, kullimkien: Il-kwalità tal-ħin tax-xogħol fl-UE
Dan ir-rapport ta' riċerka jesplora kif l-arranġamenti tax-xogħol flessibbli fl-UE jaffettwaw il-kwalità tal-ħin tax-xogħol, l-awtonomija u l-benesseri tal-impjegati, u jqabbel żviluppi riċenti ma' għaxar snin ilu. Janalizza d-differenzi bejn livelli ta' ħiliet, setturi u Stati Membri, u jevalwa r-rwol tar-regolamenti u l-politiki bħal id-dritt li jinqasam.Weathering the crisis: How job retention schemes preserved employment and incomes during the pandemic
This report describes the implementation and changing features of job retention schemes in the EU between 2020 and 2022. In response to the COVID-19 health emergency, EU governments swiftly deployed job retention schemes to preserve employment, support businesses and maintain individual incomes. The report shows that, following an initial period during which job retention schemes underwent numerous changes in their eligibility and conditionality criteria, the institutional features of job retention schemes stabilised as the pandemic progressed. Furthermore, the report demonstrates that a high degree of heterogeneity in the features of the schemes was maintained throughout the pandemic and its aftermath. While some of the schemes expired with the end of the pandemic, others were transformed into permanent institutions of the labour market. The report also analyses the employment and distributional effects of job retention schemes, highlighting their significant effects in terms of number of jobs saved and share of personal incomes maintained during the pandemic. An estimated 24.8 million jobs were saved in the EU in 2020 through the use of such schemes. Furthermore, the schemes absorbed more than one-third of the income shock produced by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and more than one-fifth of the income shock in 2021.
Regional employment change and the geography of telework in Europe
The fast and steady recovery in employment following the COVID-19 pandemic in the EU benefited from proactive policy responses to the crisis and from resilient labour markets. Almost 90% of regions across the EU had exceeded their pre-pandemic employment levels by 2022; however, significant regional disparities remain. EU regions fared differently, depending on their economic specialisation and notably on the concentration of jobs in knowledge-intensive services that can be performed remotely. The geography of telework across EU regions was primarily shaped by differences in occupational structure, and fast internet connectivity remains an essential enabling factor. Recent initiatives to support remote work in rural, peripheral or marginalised areas through the creation of coworking spaces show how dynamism and diversity in rural economies can be promoted.
Il-ħidma tal-Eurofound dwar il-COVID-19 teżamina l-implikazzjonijiet soċjoekonomiċi estensivi tal-pandemija madwar l-Ewropa u l-impatt tagħhom fuq il-kundizzjonijiet tal-għajxien u tax-xogħol. Filwaqt li tibbaża fuq in-Netwerk tagħha ta' Korrispondenti tal-Eurofound, filwaqt li tadatta wkoll il-fokus tar-riżorsi interni tagħha, il-Eurofound tissorvelja l-bidliet kritiċi li ġabet magħha l-kriżi fis-suq tax-xogħol, il-kundizzjonijiet tax-xogħol u l-kwalità tal-ħajja madwar l-UE u għandha l-għan li timmappja kif Stati Membri differenti rrispondew għall-isfidi li ħarġu. B'reazzjoni għall-COVID-19, il-Eurofound aġġustat ir-riċerka tagħha biex:
tiġbor data dwar l-impatt ta' din is-sitwazzjoni bla preċedent fuq il-ħajja tal-Ewropej permezz tal-istħarriġ uniku online tagħha mniedi f'April 2020, kif ukoll tissorvelja l-miżuri meħuda mill-atturi tal-politika biex jiġġieldu l-effetti tal-pandemija fuq l-impjiegi, il-kundizzjonijiet tax-xogħol u l-kundizzjonijiet tal-għajxien
tipprovdi analiżi ta' suġġetti speċifiċi, bħall-effetti fuq l-impjiegi, l-effetti fuq setturi speċifiċi, l-effettività ta' miżuri speċifiċi (pereżempju, skemi ta' xogħol ta' ħinijiet qosra).
Esplora aktar:
Riżorsi rilevanti oħra:
Il-bażi tad-dejta tal-avvenimenti ta' ristrutturar: l-impatt tal-COVID-19 fuq l-effetti fuq l-impjiegi ta' avvenimenti ta' ristrutturar fuq skala kbira fl-Ewropa
Il-Monitoraġġ Ewropew tal-Impjiegi: l-istruttura tal-impjiegi li qed tinbidel fl-Ewropa fid-dawl tal-kriżi
EU PolicyWatch: bażi tad-dejta dwar ir-reazzjonijiet tal-gvern u l-imsieħba soċjali għall-kriżi, ibbażata fuq riċerka min-Netwerk tal-Korrispondenti tal-Eurofound
Strumenti ta' appoġġ għar-ristrutturar - EU PolicyWatch: ir-reġistrazzjoni ta' miżuri li jappoġġaw il-kumpaniji li qed jirristrutturaw, kif ukoll l-impjegati affettwati, filwaqt li jenfasizzaw meta każ ikun rilevanti għall-COVID-19
Inizjattivi tal-ekonomija tal-pjattaformi - COVID-19: kif il-kriżi tħalli impatt fuq ix-xogħol fuq il-pjattaformi u l-ħaddiema tal-pjattaformi
Mill-2020 'l hawn, l-awtoritajiet nazzjonali u tal-UE nedew firxa ta' miżuri ta' appoġġ biex jirreaġixxu għall-impatt tal-kriżi tal-COVID-19, li affettwat il-ħajja u x-xogħol regolari tan-nies fl-UE. Setturi speċifiċi, ħafna persuni li jaħdmu għal rashom u SMEs ġew affettwati b'mod partikolari mill-konsegwenzi tal-pandemija.
Filwaqt li l-UE m'għandhiex setgħa leġiżlattiva diretta fuq kwistjonijiet tas-saħħa (din hija r-responsabbiltà tal-Istati Membri individwali), ir-rispons tal-UE – u b'mod partikolari tal-Kummissjoni Ewropea – iffoka fuq l-istabbilizzazzjoni tal-ekonomija tal-UE, l-istabbiliment ta' miżuri ta' kontroll tal-fruntieri, it-tisħiħ tas-setturi tas-saħħa pubblika tagħna, l-iżgurar tal-produzzjoni tal-vaċċini għaċ-ċittadini, kif ukoll l-appoġġ ta' diversi setturi tan-negozju.
Fl-10 ta' Frar 2021, il-Kummissjoni laqgħet l-approvazzjoni tal-Parlament Ewropew tal-Faċilità għall-Irkupru u r-Reżiljenza ta' EUR 672.5 biljun disponibbli għall-Istati Membri tal-UE biex jappoġġaw ir-riformi u l-investimenti taħt in-NextGenerationEU, l-istrument temporanju mfassal biex jagħti spinta lill-irkupru u jgħin lill-Ewropa toħroġ aktar b'saħħitha mill-kriżi. Il-Faċilità tibqa' għaddejja sal-aħħar ta' Diċembru 2026 u hija marbuta mill-qrib mal-prijoritajiet tal-Kummissjoni għal Ewropa aktar ekoloġika, aktar diġitali u aktar reżiljenti.
Il-Kummissjoni Ewropea: Ir-rispons għall-coronavirus: Skeda ta' żmien tal-azzjoni tal-UEopens in new tab
Il-Kummissjoni Ewropea: Faċilità għall-Irkupru u r-Reżiljenzaopens in new tab
Din hija għażla tal-aktar riżultati importanti għal dan is-suġġett.
7 December 2022
Living, working and COVID-19 in the European Union and 10 EU neighbouring countries
The Living, working and COVID-19 survey, first launched by Eurofound in early 2020, aims to capture the wide-ranging impact of the pandemic on the work and lives of EU citizens. The fifth round of the Eurofound survey, which was implemented in spring 2022, also sheds light on a new uncertain reality caused by the war in Ukraine, record-high inflation and sharp rises in the cost of living. As a pilot survey, a shorter version of the questionnaire was fielded by the European Training Foundation (ETF) in 10 European Union (EU) neighbouring countries. This joint Eurofound-ETF factsheet presents a selection of results from the survey covering both the EU-27 and the 10 selected EU neighbouring countries.
The results reveal at least one clear commonality across respondents from all countries: serious concerns about the rising cost of living. At the same time, the results point to a large divergence in living and working conditions between respondents in the two groups of countries, but also show large differences within the EU itself and amongst the selected EU neighbouring countries.
6 July 2022
Fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey: Living in a new era of uncertainty
The fifth round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded from 25 March to 2 May 2022, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe two years after COVID-19 was first detected on the European continent. It also explores the reality of living in a new era of uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine, inflation, and rising energy prices.
The findings of the e-survey reveal the heavy toll of the pandemic, with respondents reporting lower trust in institutions than at the start of the pandemic, poorer mental well-being, a rise in the level of unmet healthcare needs and an increase in the number of households experiencing energy poverty.
28 January 2022
COVID-19 and older people: Impact on their lives, support and care
This report captures the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the quality of life of older citizens, including the impact on their well-being, finances, employment and social inclusion. It explores the effects on the use of care services and older people’s reliance on other support. The report presents policy measures that have been implemented in EU Member States to support older people along all of the above-mentioned dimensions. These include measures to support independent living and schemes to support the labour market integration of older people or to prevent unemployment, all of which play a role in the quality of life of older citizens.
9 May 2021
Living, working and COVID-19 (Update April 2021): Mental health and trust decline across EU as pandemic enters another year
The third round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded in February and March 2021, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe following nearly a full year of living with COVID-19 restrictions. This report analyses the main findings and tracks ongoing developments and trends across the 27 EU Member States since the survey was first launched in April 2020. It pinpoints issues that have surfaced over the course of the pandemic, such as increased job insecurity due to the threat of job loss, decline in mental well-being levels, erosion of recent gains in gender equality, fall in trust levels vis-à-vis institutions, deterioration of work–life balance and growth of vaccine hesitancy. The results of the survey highlight the need for a holistic approach to support all the groups hit hard by the crisis in order to prevent them from falling further behind.
27 September 2020
Living, working and COVID-19
This report presents the findings of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, carried out by Eurofound to capture the far-reaching implications of the pandemic for the way people live and work across Europe. The survey was fielded online, among respondents who were reached via Eurofound’s stakeholders and social media advertising. Two rounds of the e-survey have been carried out to date: one in April, when most Member States were in lockdown, and one in July, when society and economies were slowly re-opening.
The findings of the e-survey from the first round reflected widespread emotional distress, financial concern and low levels of trust in institutions. Levels of concern abated somewhat in the second round, particularly among groups of respondents who were benefiting from support measures implemented during the pandemic. At the same time, the results underline stark differences between countries and between socioeconomic groups that point to growing inequalities.
The results confirm the upsurge in teleworking across all countries during the COVID-19 pandemic that has been documented elsewhere, and the report explores what this means for work–life balance and elements of job quality.
11 March 2021
COVID-19: Implications for employment and working life
Disclaimer - Please note that this report was updated with revised data (specifically for Bulgaria) on 23 March 2021.
This report sets out to assess the initial impact of the COVID-19 crisis on employment in Europe (up to Q2 2020), including its effects across sectors and on different categories of workers. It also looks at measures implemented by policymakers in a bid to limit the negative effects of the crisis. It first provides an overview of policy approaches adopted to mitigate the impact of the crisis on businesses, workers and citizens. The main focus is on the development, content and impact of short-time working schemes, income support measures for self-employed people, hardship funds and rent and mortgage deferrals. Finally, it explores the involvement of social partners in the development and implementation of such measures and the role of European funding in supporting these schemes.
Ir-riċerkaturi tal-Eurofound jipprovdu għarfien espert u jistgħu jiġu kkuntattjati għal mistoqsijiet jew talbiet mill-midja.
Daphne Ahrendt
Senior research managerDaphne Ahrendt hija maniġer anzjan tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Politiki Soċjali fil-Eurofound. Minn mindu ngħaqdet mal-Eurofound fl-2013, ix-xogħol tagħha kopra firxa wiesgħa ta' oqsma ta' politika soċjali. Bħalissa, hija tikkoordina l-attività ta' ġestjoni u żvilupp tal-istħarriġ tal-Eurofound u tmexxi t-tħejjija u l-analiżi tal-istħarriġ elettroniku dwar il-COVID-19. Daphne għandha aktar minn 20 sena esperjenza bħala riċerkatriċi li taħdem fuq stħarriġ internazzjonali, wara li qabel ħadmet fl-Unità tal-Ewrobarometru fil-Kummissjoni Ewropea u fiċ-Ċentru Nazzjonali għar-Riċerka Soċjali f'Londra fejn ħadmet fuq il-Programm Internazzjonali ta' Stħarriġ Soċjali. Daphne għandha grad ta 'Masters fil-Politiki tal-Ġustizzja Kriminali mill-London School of Economics u grad ta' Baċellerat fix-Xjenza Politika mill-Università tal-Istat ta 'San Francisco.
Eszter Sándor
Senior research managerEszter Sandor huwa maniġer anzjan tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Politiki Soċjali fil-Eurofound. Hija għandha għarfien espert fil-metodoloġija tal-istħarriġ u l-analiżi statistika, ħadmet fuq it-tħejjija u l-ġestjoni tal-Istħarriġ Ewropew dwar il-Kwalità tal-Ħajja u l-aktar reċentement l-istħarriġ elettroniku dwar l-Għajxien, ix-Xogħol u l-COVID-19, u hija responsabbli għall-kwalità tas-sett tad-dejta. L-oqsma ta' riċerka tagħha huma l-benesseri taż-żgħażagħ u l-kwalità tal-ħajja fid-djar u l-familji, inkluż il-benesseri suġġettiv, il-bilanċ bejn ix-xogħol u l-ħajja privata u l-kundizzjonijiet tal-għajxien. Preċedentement ħadmet bħala konsulent ekonomiku fl-Iskozja li tiffoka fuq valutazzjonijiet tal-impatt ekonomiku, evalwazzjonijiet u analiżi tal-input-output. Hija għandha grad ta' Masters fl-Ekonomija u r-Relazzjonijiet Internazzjonali mill-Università Corvinus ta' Budapest.
Din it-taqsima tipprovdi aċċess għall-kontenut kollu li ġie ppubblikat dwar is-suġġett.
