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Agreements

Agreements are the outcome of collective bargaining and social dialogue processes. Social partners are encouraged to negotiate and conclude collective agreements  that can then be implemented at European, national, regional, sectoral or company level.  Increasingly Union labour laws are shaped by agreements that the parties voluntarily enter into and by soft law mechanisms. 

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In this pilot project, Eurofound successfully established the feasibility of, and piloted, an EU-wide database of minimum pay rates contained in collective agreements related to low-paid workers. A conceptual and...

26 Sausis 2024
Publication
Research report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Christine Aumayr-Pintar is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. Her current research topics include minimum wages, collectively agreed wages and gender...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (40)

This article discusses developments in collectively agreed wages in the European Union in 2016, putting them into the perspective of developments over the past 15 years. The tendency for growth in both nominal and real collectively agreed wages from 2015 continued. In two countries (Belgium and

25 July 2017

This report describes the developments in collectively agreed pay in the EU Member States in 2014 and compares them to developments in previous years. While growth in collectively agreed pay in nominal terms declined, the declining growth of prices resulted in real collectively agreed pay increasing

05 August 2015

The average collectively agreed weekly working time in the European Union of 38.1 hours did not change between 2013 and 2014. In both years, the working week also remained, on average, 30 minutes shorter than the EU28 average in the EU15 Member States, and more than 90 minutes longer in the more

16 July 2015

In 2013, the average collective agreed weekly working time in the European Union was 38.1 hours, the same as in 2012. However, the working week was, on average, 30 minutes shorter in the pre-2004 EU15 Member States, and more than 90 minutes longer in the more recent Member States. If the

23 June 2014

The available national data reveal that average nominal collectively agreed pay increases in 2013 were roughly the same as or lower than those in 2012 in all the countries examined. However, because of lower inflation rates, employees in a number of countries saw the purchasing power of their wages

12 June 2014

EIRO’s annual analysis of collectively agreed pay for 2012 finds that although average nominal agreed increases were slightly greater than in 2011 in many countries, the rise in prices diminished people’s purchasing power. In real terms, only a handful of countries had positive collective pay

09 July 2013

In 2012, average collectively agreed weekly working time in the European Union, including Croatia, stood at 38.1 hours, the same as for the EU27 in 2011. The working week was on average 30 minutes shorter in the pre-2004 EU15 countries and over 1 hour and 30 minutes longer in the new Member States

25 June 2013

According to EIRO’s annual analysis of pay trends, average collective agreed nominal pay increases in 2011 did not differ greatly from 2010 in most of the 13 countries with available data. Most variations ranged between 0.1 and 0.4 percentage points, except for Belgium with the highest growth in

08 October 2012

In 2011, average collective agreed weekly working time in the European Union stood at 38.1 hours. The working week was on average 30 minutes shorter in the pre-2004 EU15 countries and over 1 hour and 30 minutes longer in the new Member States. Agreed normal annual working time averages nearly 1,720

15 August 2012

EIRO’s annual analysis of pay trends for 2010 finds that average collectively agreed nominal wage increases were lower than in 2009 in almost all 13 countries with available data, with Malta being the exception. The highest reductions in nominal pay increases were in Slovakia (5.5% in 2009 to 2.2%

16 October 2011

Online resources results (321)

Union opposes changes in collective labour legislation

The accession of Greece in 2010 to the Financial Stability Mechanism established by euro zone Member States, the European Central Bank (ECB [1]) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF [2]) led to a series of significant modifications to the country’s labour legislation. [1] http://www.ecb.int/home

Call to simplify tendering process and reduce business costs

Trade union leaders and business organisations met with Bulgarian Prime Minister Plamen Oresharski on 10 June 2013 to discuss problems with public procurement and tendering in the country. Unions and businesses say there are too many different types of regulatory regimes and licenses – 700 at

Pact on employment and competitiveness at Ford

The previous collective agreement between managers and workers at Ford’s manufacturing plant at Almussafes, in Spain’s Valencia region, was signed in 2007 by only one of the four unions represented on the workers’ committee, the General Workers Confederation (UGT [1]). [1] http://www.ugt.es

New hotel industry agreement 2013–2015

On 29 May 2013, trade unions and employer organisations representing hotel workers accepted the mediation proposal put forward by the Ministry of Labour and Social Insurance (MLSI [1]) and signed a new collective agreement that covers over 16,000 skilled and unskilled workers. However, around 4,000

Trade union federations announce merger plans

Before 1990, Hungary had just one trade union federation, the National Council of Trade Unions (SZOT). In 1990, political change brought the country’s first democratically elected government, and allowed more trade unions to be formed. Not only were sectoral trade unions established, but also a

Unrest in the inland navigation sector

For some time there has been unrest in Belgium over what some perceive as the neglect of the Belgian inland waterways sector. On 11 April 2013, the once-powerful organisation for inland waterway craft skippers, Ons Recht/Notre Droit, was revived for a demonstration staged at the European Parliament

‘Groundbreaking’ nuclear power agreements signed

On 5 June 2013, EDF Energy [1] signed two industrial relations agreements with trade unions and the main contractor for the construction of the planned new UK nuclear power station at Hinkley Point C in Somerset. [1] http://www.edfenergy.com

Social partners sign new national agreement

A national collective agreement signed by social partners in Greece came into effect on 1 January 2010 and expired on 31 December 2012. The agreement’s period of validity was extended pending the conclusion of a new deal, but this extension was due to expire on 15 May 2013.

New collective agreement for journalists

Negotiations in Austria between the sectoral social partners responsible for collective bargaining in the journalism sector started in 2009. The Austrian Newspaper Association (VÖZ [1]) and the Union for Salaried Employees, Journalists and Graphical Workers (GPA-djp [2]) have finally signed a new

Social dialogue committee created in the graphical sector

In 2010, European-level social partners in the print industry identified the need to further intensify their cooperation. It led to meetings between the UNI Europa Graphical and Packaging [1] group, which represents workers in the sector, and Intergraf [2] on the employers’ side. Social partners


Blogs results (2)
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Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power

15 Birželis 2022
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Whatever the benefits of telework – and there are many, including more flexible working time, increased productivity and less commuting – there are drawbacks, as many of the one-third of Europeans who were exclusively working from home during the pandemic will attest. Primary among these is the ‘alw

3 Gruodis 2020

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