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Psychosocial risks

Psychosocial risks are aspects of the design and management of work, and its social and organisational contexts, that have the potential for causing psychological or physical harm. Work-related stress is one of the health risks most frequently identified by workers in Europe. The factors that can cause stress for workers and influence their health and well-being can be related to the following: job content; work intensity and job autonomy; working time arrangements and work–life balance; social environment, including interpersonal relationships at work and social support; job insecurity and career development. 

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From January to June 2024, Eurofound supports the work of Belgium's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

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European Industrial Relations Dictionary 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Sara Riso is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. She is involved in research projects in the areas of employment change and restructuring. She joined...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Oscar Vargas Llave

Oscar Vargas Llave is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and manages projects on changes in the world of work and the impact on working conditions and related...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (23)

During the pandemic, many young people had to change their plans for the future. While at the end of 2023 young people’s labour market situation was more favourable than it had been in recent years, many obstacles remained on their route to independence, such as the rising cost of living and

21 May 2024

Using data from the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey 2021 and building on a theoretical model that differentiates between job stressors and job resources, this report examines key psychosocial risks in the workplace and their impact on health.

23 November 2023

The Living, working and COVID-19 survey, first launched by Eurofound in early 2020, aims to capture the wide-ranging impact of the pandemic on the work and lives of EU citizens. The fifth round of the Eurofound survey, which was implemented in spring 2022, also sheds light on a new uncertain reality

07 December 2022

The fifth round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded from 25 March to 2 May 2022, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe two years after COVID-19 was first detected on the European continent. It also explores the reality of living in a new era of uncertainty caused by t

07 July 2022

A new European Disability Strategy was launched in 2021 with the aim of intensifying progress on ensuring the full participation of people with disabilities in society. The increase of EU policy focus on people with disabilities is timely: the COVID-19 pandemic magnified the challenges they faced in

21 March 2022

Following a long recovery from the economic crisis (2007–2013), young people in the EU proved to be more vulnerable to the effects of the restrictions put in place to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Young people were more likely than older groups to experience job loss, financial insecurit

09 November 2021

The third round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded in February and March 2021, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe following nearly a full year of living with COVID-19 restrictions. This report analyses the main findings and tracks ongoing developments and trends a

10 May 2021

This flagship report summarises the key findings of Eurofound’s research on working conditions conducted over the programming period 2017–2020. It maps the progress achieved since 2000 in improving working conditions and examines whether all workers have benefited equally from positive change. It

26 February 2021

This report presents the findings of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey, carried out by Eurofound to capture the far-reaching implications of the pandemic for the way people live and work across Europe. The survey was fielded online.

28 September 2020

In the space of just a few weeks, the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus has radically transformed the lives of people around the globe. Apart from the devastating health consequences on people directly affected by the virus, the COVID-19 pandemic has had major implications for the

06 May 2020

Online resources results (233)

Disparities in quality of work linked to education and socioeconomic status

In the annual overview of ‘Distribution and living conditions’ (Fordeling og Levevilkår 2009 – Øget polarisering i Danmark [1]), the Economic Council of the Labour Movement (Arbejderbevægelsens Erhvervsråd, AE [2]) focuses on differences in the quality of work [3] associated with workers’

Improving working conditions has positive impact on safety environment

Recent findings from the National Survey on Working Conditions (/Nationale Enquête Arbeidsomstandigheden/, NEA [1]) provide a closer look into the way that Dutch employees experience the safety environment of the companies for which they work. The NEA is a survey of about 25,000 employees that

High levels of work-related stress in agricultural sector

A survey of 1,000 employees was conducted in April 2008, in the framework of the European-funded EQUAL WageIndicator [1] project, to assess gender pay differences in the Hungarian labour market. The results of the survey enabled an analysis of working conditions in the agricultural sector. Thus, the

Social workers express dissatisfaction with job safety and wages

The Institute for Social Research (Socialinių tyrimų institutas, STI [1]) conducted a survey of working conditions in the economic activity of social work in Lithuania in 2008, at the request of the Ministry of Social Security and Labour (Socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministerija, SADM [2]). The

Impact of teamwork on quality of working life

Recent research carried out in the metalworking sector in the Flanders region in northern Belgium specifically aimed to examine the impact of various forms of teamwork on stress symptoms among workers. The team concept implies a number of specific changes in the structure of the division of labour

Impact of economic crisis on unemployed people

In February 2009, the human resources company Adecco [1] published a press release (in Spanish, 38Kb PDF) [2] on the job profiles currently being accepted by unemployed people in Spain. The information is based on official statistics and Adecco’s own business data; the main findings of the research

Employee involvement in health and safety in financial sector

Italy’s financial services sector was a highly fragmented and poorly competitive sector until the early 1990s, when it began to take a more dominant administrative approach, regulated by cartel agreements. However, it is currently dominated by three large groups – Unicredit, Intesa-Sanpaolo and MPS

Work environment challenges of open-plan offices

The Danish Work Environment Council for Finance/Public Office and Administration (Branchearbejdsmiljørådet for Finans/Offentlig Kontor og Administration, BAR FOKA [1]) published a recent report amalgamating existing research results concerning open-plan offices (Arbejdsmilø i åbne kontorer [2]). The

Impact of work absence on other workers

A new study by the Swedish Institute for Labour Market Policy Evaluation (Institutet för arbetsmarknadspolitisk utvärdering, IFAU [1]) – entitled Sick of your colleague’s absence? (233Kb PDF) [2] – expands further on the findings of a 2008 report (in Swedish, 600Kb PDF) [3], entitled /How is the

Joint report on implementation of work-related stress agreement

On 8 October 2004, the European social partners signed an autonomous framework agreement on work-related stress (78Kb PDF) [1]. As work-related stress is among the four most reported work-related health problems in the European Union, the objective of the agreement is to provide employers and


Blogs results (5)
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'Women belong in all the places where decisions are made', to borrow from the late Ruth Bader Ginsburg. These decisions are made everywhere and at every level: in the home and at the workplace; in the boardroom and on the shop floor. Which is why it is of such serious concern to see the ongoing deep

8 March 2023
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Women and frontline workers are most exposed to the risks of adverse social behaviour at work, such as burnout, exhaustion, anxiety and depression. This is according to the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey 2021 (EWCTS). In this data story, we dive into EWCTS data (EU27) to examine the

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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we live and work. With the lifting of restrictions across the globe, we are now able to examine the many repercussions on the world of work. In particular, the unique demands of the last few years have shone a harsh spotlight on the pressures brought to bear

17 January 2023
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Lower levels of health, increasing financial pressure and a significant degree of unmet healthcare: these are the findings of the fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey: Living in a new era of uncertainty – a report that presents an overview of responses from over 200,000 people

6 October 2022
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​​​​​​​While women appear to be more resilient than men to COVID-19 in terms of health outcomes, that is not the case when it comes to the economic and social fallout. Measures taken by governments to control the spread of the virus are exacerbating gender divides in unemployment, domestic labour

Upcoming publications results (1)

Over the last decade, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have changed the way employees work and communicate with each other. Despite the many benefits of digitalisation of work, the widespread access to digital devices in working life provides an alternative medium for new forms of a

September 2024
Data results (20)

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