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Labour and social regulation

Labour and social regulation covers the legal framework and fundamental social rights that regulates industrial relations, employment and social policies across Europe. It includes national, EU and international legislation.  Union labour law has a direct or indirect impact on the normative and functional frameworks of individual and collective labour law systems of the Member States in a relationship of mutual interference and interaction.  Increasingly Union labour laws are also shaped by agreements that the parties voluntarily enter into and by soft law mechanisms.  The reform or modernising of labour law is currently high on the agenda in several Member States.

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Regulatory responses to algorithmic management in the EU

Since 2013, Eurofound's ERM database on restructuring-related legislation has been documenting regulatory developments in the Member States of the European Union and Norway. The most recent update to the database...

Article
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Termi hybridityö otettiin käyttöön etätyön yleistyessä covid-19-pandemian aikana ja yritysten ja työntekijöiden alettua keskustella tavoista organisoida työ kriisin jälkeen. Yhä useammin termiä käytetään viittaamaan tilanteisiin, joissa etätyöksi soveltuvaa työtä tehdään...

25 toukokuu 2023
Publication
Research report

Eurofound research

Eurofound has monitored legislative developments in industrial relations, working conditions and restructuring in Europe over time and from a comparative perspective across the Member States. The Agency’s work in this area seeks to assist decision-makers to better understand the legal framework for creating policy. It has also put resources in place to assist audiences in understanding the sometimes complex and difficult terminology used.

EU context

This topic covers the legal framework that regulates industrial relations and employment across Europe, including EU legislation and the fundamental labour standards that need to be taken into account.

Legislation is crucial in shaping how Europeans work and live. It is the basis for ensuring better working conditions, equitable labour relations, and equal opportunities for all citizens.

Publications results (81)

This report explores EU Member States’ legislation around the right to disconnect and assesses the impact of company policies in this area on employees’ hours of connection, working time, work–life balance, health and well-being, and overall workplace satisfaction.

30 November 2023

Termi hybridityö otettiin käyttöön etätyön yleistyessä covid-19-pandemian aikana ja yritysten ja työntekijöiden alettua keskustella tavoista organisoida työ kriisin jälkeen. Yhä useammin termiä käytetään viittaamaan tilanteisiin, joissa etätyöksi soveltuvaa työtä tehdään kahdesta paikasta käsin

25 May 2023

Tässä raportissa esitellään Eurofoundin tutkimusta etätyöstä covid-19-pandemian aikana vuosina 2020 ja 2021. Siinä tarkastellaan muutoksia etätyön yleisyydessä, kotoa käsin työskentelevien työntekijöiden työoloissa ja tähän työjärjestelyyn liittyviä kysymyksiä käsittelevissä säännöksissä. Tulokset

08 December 2022

Tämä raportti laaditaan osana Euroopan komission Eurofoundille toimeksiantamaa kolmivuotista pilottihanketta (2021–2023) ”Vähimmäispalkan rooli yleisen työvoimatakuun perustamisessa”. Siinä keskitytään hankkeen moduuliin 3, jossa tutkitaan itsenäisten ammatinharjoittajien vähimmäispalkkoja ja muita

30 November 2022

Tässä raportissa kartoitetaan ja analysoidaan etätyötä koskevaa lainsäädäntöä ja työehtosopimusneuvotteluja 27 jäsenvaltiossa sekä Norjassa. Siinä tuodaan esiin tärkeimmät maiden väliset erot ja yhtäläisyydet etätyölainsäädännössä ja näihin säännöksiin viime aikoina tehdyissä muutoksissa. Siinä

01 September 2022

Vuoden 2021 varovaisen vähimmäispalkan määrittämiskierroksen jälkeen nimellispalkat nousivat merkittävästi vuonna 2022, kun pandemian kielteiset seuraukset lieventyivät ja talous ja työmarkkinat kohenivat. Tässä yhteydessä 20 niistä 21:stä EU:n jäsenvaltiosta, joissa on lakisääteinen vähimmäispalkka

15 June 2022

Digitisation and automation technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), can affect working conditions in a variety of ways and their use in the workplace raises a host of new ethical concerns. Recently, the policy debate surrounding these concerns has become more prominent and has

30 May 2022

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2021 for 28 countries – the 27 EU Member States and Norway. The country reports summarise evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on working life based on national research and survey results during 2021. They

19 May 2022

Tässä raportissa on yhteenveto siitä, miten vuoden 2021 vähimmäispalkkatasot määritettiin vuonna 2020, jolloin covid-19-pandemian vaikutus oli suuri. Siinä arvioidaan kansallisten päätöksentekijöiden kohtaamia vaikeuksia ja heidän reagointiaan pandemian taloudellisia ja sosiaalisia seurauksia

10 June 2021

Tässä raportissa tarkastellaan vammaisten henkilöiden avoimille työmarkkinoille pääsyn tukemiseen tähtäävän politiikan kehittämistä EU:n jäsenvaltioissa. Siinä keskitytään erityisesti kolmeen vaiheeseen eli työhön pääsyyn, työpaikassa pysymiseen ja työhön palaamiseen poissaolon jälkeen. Siinä

19 April 2021

Online resources results (794)

Norway: Employer confederations seek minimum wage for refugees and immigrants

There is no national statutory minimum wage in Norway. However, several employer confederations have taken an initiative to introduce a minimum wage in relation to the current refugee situation.

Finland: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

Talks on the Competitiveness Pact, threats to the formation of a new peak-level organisation, and an agreement on a wage freeze are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Finland in the first quarter of 2016.

Hungary: Vocational training system gets major overhaul

Hungary is undergoing a major transformation of its education system. The number of Vocational Education and Training (VET) schools needed is under review and responsibility for their supervision is being transferred to the Ministry for National Economy (NGM).

Spain: Developments in working life – Q1 2016

The discussions and deals between political parties after the general election of December 2015, the slow recovery of the labour market and trade union membership losses are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Spain

Slovenia: Controversy over amendments to the Minimum Wage Act

The definition of the minimum wage in Slovenia was changed at the end of November 2015. From 1 January 2016, the allowances for unfavourable working time (night, Sunday and holiday work) are exempted from it and paid separately. Trade unions are pleased, but employer organisations were outraged and

United Kingdom: National living wage comes into force

A statutory ‘national living wage’ comes into force in the United Kingdom on 1 April 2016 and will be phased in over four years, with the aim of reaching 60% of median UK earnings by 2020. Trade unions have welcomed the move while employer groups have expressed concern about some businesses’ ability

Ireland: National Minimum Wage rise follows Low Pay Commission report

The first rise in Ireland's National Minimum Wage (NMW) since 2007 was implemented on January 1, 2016. It comes after a recommendation in the Low Pay Commission’s first annual report to increase the NMW by 50 cents per hour to a new hourly rate of €9.15.

Greece: Court rules cut to civil servants' lump sum benefits is constitutional

The Greek Supreme Administrative Court has ruled that cuts to a teacher's lump sum benefit (payable to public servants on retirement) were not illegal. The teacher had claimed the 34.27% reduction imposed as part of financial austerity measures was unconstitutional. The judgement has yet to be

Finland: Changes in legislation lead to earlier return to work after prolonged sickness absence

Legislative changes in Finland regarding sickness absence appear to have boosted the proportion of employees returning to work.

Norway: General application of collective agreements in the transport sector

General application of collective agreements in the Norwegian transport sector were put in force in 2015 to help regulate pay and employment conditions for foreign drivers.


Blogs results (12)
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The European Platform Tackling Undeclared Work last year documented the case of a Dutch temporary work agency that hired workers of various nationalities to work for a construction company in Belgium. The wages were suspiciously low, and the Belgian Labour Inspectorate believed that EU law

17 heinäkuu 2019
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The European Union (EU) has strong legislation in place that protects workers from being exploited and also enables businesses to engage in fair competition. Workers are mobile and can move freely within the EU single market across borders – without being dependent upon traffickers. Yet, the latest

3 toukokuu 2016

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