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Cúram
D'fhéadfaí cúram a shainmhíniú mar sholáthar an méid atá riachtanach do shláinte, leas, cothabháil agus cosaint duine nó rud éigin. Cuimsíonn sé oideachas agus cúram luath-óige, cúram fadtéarmach daoine scothaosta nó daoine faoi mhíchumas agus cúram sláinte. Chun impleachtaí an chúraim a thuiscint, is fiú idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir faighteoirí cúraim agus daoine a bhfuil freagrachtaí cúraim orthu (cúramóirí). Tá sé tábhachtach freisin idirdhealú a dhéanamh idir cúram mar obair íoctha nó neamhíoctha agus cúram neamhfhoirmiúil a sholáthraíonn teaghlaigh agus cairde. Is gné lárnach den chosaint shóisialta é soláthar seirbhísí cúraim, ag feabhsú cáilíocht na beatha agus rochtain ar oideachas agus fostaíocht do shaoránaigh an AE.
Faigh an t-ábhar is déanaí ar an ábhar seo thíos.
An bhearna a líonadh: Éagothroime i rochtain ar oideachas agus ar chúram luath-óige
Cé go raibh oideachas agus cúram luath-óige (ECEC) i gcroílár roinnt tionscnamh AE le déanaí, tá an baol ann go bhfágfar roinnt leanaí taobh thiar de. Breathnaíonn an t-alt seo ar rátaí rannpháirtíochta in ECEC agus féachann sé le scrúdú a dhéanamh ar an gcaoi ar féidir le leanaí atá i mbaol bochtaineachta nó eisiaimh shóisialta rochtain a fháil ar an gcuid thábhachtach seo den chóras oideachais.Paths towards independent living and social inclusion in Europe for people with a disability - Background paper
This background paper looks at the EU policy context regarding deinstitutionalisation for people with long-term care needs, analyses trends and outlines strategies supporting independent living.Measúnú a dhéanamh ar an dul chun cinn maidir le seirbhísí a sholáthar do leanaí ar fud an Aontais Eorpaigh
Soláthraíonn an tuarascáil seo forbhreathnú ar fhorbairtí beartais an AE le déanaí maidir le bochtaineacht leanaí, ró-ualach costais tithíochta, agus luathfhágáil scoile. Scrúdaíonn sí freisin bearta chun rochtain ar chúram sláinte agus ar oideachas agus cúram luath-óige a fheabhsú. Leagann an tuarascáil béim ar shamplaí de chur chuige rathúil agus réimsí a bhfuil gá le feabhsú, agus soláthraíonn sé anailís níos doimhne ar Bhallstáit roghnaithe chun tosca a shainaithint a mhúnlaíonn cur chun feidhme beartais.Díríonn taighde Eurofound ar raon topaicí a bhaineann le cúram. Ina measc seo tá obair agus cúram, tionscnaimh chun tacú le cúramóirí neamhfhoirmiúla a bhfuil baint acu le hobair íoctha agus iad siúd nach bhfuil, an gá méadaithe le cúram fadtéarmach, oideachas agus cúram luath-óige (ECEC), agus rochtain ar sheirbhísí poiblí.
Is féidir le rochtain fheabhsaithe ar oideachas agus cúram luath-óige ar ardchaighdeán agus ar phraghas réasúnta agus ar chúram do dhaoine scothaosta cabhrú le spriocanna an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh chun fostaíocht a mhéadú, go háirithe rannpháirtíocht na mban agus na n-oibrithe scothaosta sa mhargadh saothair. Leagann Colún Eorpach na gCeart Sóisialta béim láidir ar chúram, ar an gcéad dul síos maidir leis an gceart chun comhdheiseanna agus rochtain ar mhargadh an tsaothair. Dírítear leis seo ar cheart tuismitheoirí agus daoine a bhfuil freagrachtaí cúraim acu cothromaíocht oibre agus saoil níos fearr a fháil, le saoire oiriúnach agus socruithe oibre solúbtha, chomh maith le rochtain ar sheirbhísí cúraim. I réimse na cosanta sóisialta agus na cuimsithe sóisialta, leagann sé béim ar cheart leanaí ar oideachas luath-óige inacmhainne agus ar sholáthar cúraim ardchaighdeáin. Leagann sé béim ar an gceart chun rochtain thráthúil ar chúram sláinte inacmhainne agus ar ardchaighdeán. Leagann sé béim freisin ar cheart gach duine ar sheirbhísí cúraim inacmhainne fadtéarmacha agus ar ardchaighdeán, go háirithe seirbhísí cúraim bhaile agus pobalbhunaithe.
Tá sé mar aidhm ag an Ráthaíocht Eorpach um Leanaí, a glacadh i mí an Mheithimh 2021, a chinntiú go bhfuil rochtain ag gach leanbh san Eoraip atá i mbaol bochtaineachta nó eisiaimh shóisialta ar na cearta is bunúsaí amhail cúram sláinte agus oideachas. Tá sé mar aidhm ag an Moladh ón gComhairle maidir le córais oideachais agus cúraim luath-óige ar ardchaighdeán, a glacadh i mí na Bealtaine 2019, tacú leis na Ballstáit rochtain ar a gcuid seirbhísí agus cáilíocht a fheabhsú. Glacann Eurofound páirt i nGrúpa Oibre téamach mar chuid den tionscnamh seo. Glacadh i mí an Mheithimh 2019, tá sé mar aidhm ag an Treoir nua maidir le cothromaíocht oibre is saoil do thuismitheoirí agus do chúramóirí rannpháirtíocht na mban sa mhargadh saothair a mhéadú agus leas a bhaint as saoire teaghlaigh agus socruithe oibre solúbtha.
Ar an 7 Meán Fómhair 2022, thíolaic an Coimisiún Eorpach Straitéis Cúraim Eorpach nua mar chuid dá Chlár Oibre 2022 chun 'seirbhísí cúraim ardchaighdeáin, inacmhainne agus inrochtana' a chinntiú ar fud an Aontais.
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Colún Eorpach na gCeart Sóisialtaopens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Ráthaíocht Eorpach um Leanaíopens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Moladh ón gComhairle maidir le córais oideachais agus cúraim luath-óige ar ardchaighdeánopens in new tab
Comhairle an Aontais Eorpaigh: Cothromaíocht oibre is saoil níos fearr do thuismitheoirí agus do chúramóirí san AE: rialacha nua glactha ag an gComhairleopens in new tab
An Coimisiún Eorpach: Straitéis Eorpach Cúraim do chúramóirí agus do ghlacadóirí cúraimopens in new tab
Is rogha é seo de na torthaí is tábhachtaí don ábhar seo.
25 October 2024
Paths towards independent living and social inclusion in Europe
Increasing emphasis on independent living and social inclusion is driving deinstitutionalisation – the shift away from a reliance on residential institutions towards family- and community-based settings for the provision of care and services. The aim is to ensure that people at risk of marginalisation have opportunities to participate fully in society and to exercise their personal rights and freedoms. An institutional culture that gives rise to social isolation and loss of autonomy can be present in any care setting, but it is commonplace in long-stay residential institutions such as children’s homes and nursing homes. Although deinstitutionalisation strategies have been adopted across the EU, shortcomings are apparent. This report presents evidence on changes in the extent of institutional living in the EU over time, as well as information on national deinstitutionalisation strategies and practices. It includes two person-centred case studies that illustrate the benefits of deinstitutionalisation and greater social inclusion and the challenges encountered in efforts towards these goals.
European Child Guarantee monitor
20 September 2023
Guaranteeing access to services for children in the EU
The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in children’s access to early childhood education and care, education, healthcare, nutrition and housing. This is done using a convergence analysis, which tracks whether Member States are improving in respect of specific performance indicators and whether disparities between them are expanding or narrowing. The analysis, where possible, also looks at the differences between urban and rural areas and between children living in households with different levels of income and risk of social exclusion. The indicators chosen for analysis highlight the links between the Guarantee, the European Semester and the Social Scoreboard.
6 July 2022
Fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey: Living in a new era of uncertainty
The fifth round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded from 25 March to 2 May 2022, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe two years after COVID-19 was first detected on the European continent. It also explores the reality of living in a new era of uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine, inflation, and rising energy prices.
The findings of the e-survey reveal the heavy toll of the pandemic, with respondents reporting lower trust in institutions than at the start of the pandemic, poorer mental well-being, a rise in the level of unmet healthcare needs and an increase in the number of households experiencing energy poverty.
28 January 2022
COVID-19 and older people: Impact on their lives, support and care
This report captures the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the quality of life of older citizens, including the impact on their well-being, finances, employment and social inclusion. It explores the effects on the use of care services and older people’s reliance on other support. The report presents policy measures that have been implemented in EU Member States to support older people along all of the above-mentioned dimensions. These include measures to support independent living and schemes to support the labour market integration of older people or to prevent unemployment, all of which play a role in the quality of life of older citizens.
30 September 2021
COVID-19: A turning point for upward convergence in health and healthcare in the EU?
The impact of COVID-19 has moved public health up the EU social policy agenda. As the EU directs its efforts towards establishing a European Health Union to guard against future health crises, this policy brief examines the extent to which the EU achieved upward convergence in terms of health and healthcare outcomes, as well as health expenditures and delivery, prior to the pandemic. It also examines convergence patterns in infections and deaths from COVID-19 and in the mitigating measures adopted by the EU and national governments.
The findings indicate that, from 2008 to 2019, the health of EU citizens improved overall, and Member States converged in health outcomes, but disparities in government expenditures and delivery of health services continued to widen. Against this background, the COVID-19 pandemic caused further divergence, with death and infection tolls varying greatly across countries. The policy brief stresses that a European Health Union would ideally not only reinforce the crisis preparedness of the EU but also ultimately enable convergence in health and healthcare indicators across its Member States.
28 January 2021
Education, healthcare and housing: How access changed for children and families in 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on the accessibility of health, education and care services for all Europeans. This is also the case for children, who in several countries have seen their schools closed and replaced with remote learning. They have been affected, too, by the pandemic’s negative impact on their families’ access to healthcare and their mental health. Many families have also experienced rising housing insecurity. The Child Guarantee aims to ensure access to these resources for children in need.
Over 2020, Eurofound gathered wide-ranging data on Europeans’ lives during the pandemic. Based on this data, this policy brief documents changes in the accessibility of education, healthcare and housing in the EU27 between 2018–2019 and the summer of 2020, so that these developments can be taken into account when designing policy responses and mitigating measures.
Soláthraíonn taighdeoirí Eurofound léargas saineolaithe agus is féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo le haghaidh ceisteanna nó fiosrúcháin ó na meáin.
Daniel Molinuevo
Senior research managerIs bainisteoir taighde é Daniel Molinuevo san aonad Beartais Shóisialta, tar éis dó a bheith páirteach in Eurofound in 2010. Dhírigh a chuid taighde ar chúram sláinte agus sóisialta ar cháilíocht agus inrochtaineacht seirbhísí, a gclaochlú digiteach agus coinníollacha oibre na foirne. Dhírigh a chuid oibre go príomha ar sheirbhísí do leanaí, ag Eurofound agus ag UNICEF, áit ar oibrigh sé in 2021 ag tacú le cur chun feidhme na Ráthaíochta Leanaí Eorpaí. Rinne sé staidéar ar an tsocheolaíocht i Salamanca na Spáinne agus in Ollscoil Humboldt i mBeirlín. Tá MA aige i Staidéar Polaitiúil agus Riaracháin na hEorpa ó Choláiste na hEorpa i mBruges agus MSc i mBeartas Sóisialta na hEorpa ó Scoil Eacnamaíochta Londain, áit ar oibrigh sé mar thaighdeoir freisin.
Hans Dubois
Senior research managerIs bainisteoir taighde sinsearach é Hans Dubois san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound. I measc a chuid ábhar taighde tá tithíocht, ró-fhiachas, cúram sláinte, cúram fadtéarmach, sochair shóisialta, scor, agus cáilíocht na beatha sa cheantar áitiúil. Sula ndeachaigh sé isteach in Eurofound, bhí sé ina Ollamh Cúnta in Ollscoil Kozminski (Vársá). Chríochnaigh sé PhD i Riarachán agus Bainistíocht Gnó in Ollscoil Bocconi (Milano), tar éis dó a bheith ag obair mar oifigeach taighde ag an Réadlann Eorpach ar Chórais agus Beartais Sláinte (Maidrid).
Sanna Nivakoski
Research officerIs oifigeach taighde í Sanna Nivakoski san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound. Díríonn a cuid taighde ar struchtúir teaghlaigh, maireachtáil neamhspleách, tithíocht, comhionannas inscne agus cúram gan phá. Sula ndeachaigh sí isteach in Eurofound in 2021, d'oibrigh sí mar thaighdeoir iardhochtúireachta in Institiúid Geary um Bheartas Poiblí sa Choláiste Ollscoile, Baile Átha Cliath, an Institiúid Taighde Eacnamaíoch agus Sóisialta i mBaile Átha Cliath, agus Coláiste Ríoga na Máinleá in Éirinn. D'oibrigh sí i go leor réimsí taighde sa mhicrea-eacnamaíocht, lena n-áirítear ioncam agus saibhreas scoir, coigilteas pinsin, aistrithe idirghlúine agus tionchar airgeadais na baintreachais. Tá PhD san Eacnamaíocht ag Sanna ó Choláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath.
Marianna Baggio
Research officerIs oifigeach taighde í Marianna Baggio san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound, ag obair ar ghnéithe den Suirbhé Eorpach ar Cháilíocht na Beatha (EQLS), comhionannas inscne, an t-aistriú glas agus saol digiteach na nEorpach, lena n-áirítear tionchar AI lasmuigh den ionad oibre. Sula ndeachaigh sí isteach in Eurofound, d'oibrigh sí mar anailísí beartais ag an Ionad Inniúlachta um Léargas Iompraíochta de chuid Chomhionad Taighde an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh. D'oibrigh sí mar iardhochtúireacht in Ollscoil Vita-Salute San Raffaele (Milano) agus in Ollscoil Trento. Tugann sí taithí fhairsing freisin ó ról roimhe seo mar oifigeach freagrachta sóisialta corparáidí (CSR) san Afraic Theas. Tá PhD san Eacnamaíocht agus sa Bhainistíocht ag Marianna ó Ollscoil Trento, ag speisialú in eacnamaíocht iompraíochta.
Claudia Peroni
Temporary research support officerOibríonn Claudia Peroni mar chúntóir uirlisí monatóireachta agus oibríochtaí sonraí san aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound, tar éis di a bheith ag obair roimhe seo mar oifigeach tacaíochta taighde laistigh den fhoireann. Tá a fócas den chuid is mó ar thithíocht agus ar an earnáil chúraim. Sula ndeachaigh sí isteach in Eurofound, d'oibrigh sí in eagraíochtaí na sochaí sibhialta san Iodáil agus sa Chipir. Tá céim Mháistreachta sa Chaidreamh Idirnáisiúnta ag Claudia ó Ollscoil Bologna agus PhD sa tSocheolaíocht ó Choláiste na Tríonóide, Baile Átha Cliath.
Tugann an rannán seo rochtain ar an ábhar ar fad a foilsíodh faoin ábhar.
