Subjektivno dobro počutje
Subjektivno dobro počutje se nanaša na to, kako ljudje dojemajo kakovost svojega življenja. Spodbujanje blaginje državljanov je ključni cilj EU in je v zadnjem desetletju postalo pomembno v agendi socialne politike. To vključuje razlike ali neenakosti v zdravju.
Najnovejše vsebine na to temo so navedene spodaj.
The roots of Europe's mental health crisis run deep
This article looks at the trends, the groups at risk, the services and policies in the area of mental health. The European Commission’s communication on a comprehensive approach to mental health, adopted in June 2023, aims to place mental health on an equal footing with physical health and ensure a new, cross-sectoral approach to mental health issues. But, solutions must be sought not only narrowly within mental health care, but also in improving living and working conditions and facilitating social and economic inclusion.Quality of life in the EU in 2024: Results from the Living and Working in the EU e-survey
Eurofound’s e-survey captures the situation of European respondents and their post-pandemic concerns. This factsheet outlines the most recent data on the main challenges faced by Europeans, with a particular emphasis on the rising cost of living, health and mental health, access to healthcare services, work–life balance, and changes in telework opportunities. View the publication or read the findings in digital format via the related content.
Becoming adults: Young people in a post-pandemic world
During the pandemic, many young people had to change their plans for the future. While at the end of 2023 young people’s labour market situation was more favourable than it had been in recent years, many obstacles remained on their route to independence, such as the rising cost of living and inability to move out of the parental home. This report explores young people’s wishes and plans for the future – and the well-being outcomes related to these plans – in the context of the current labour market and housing situation and progress on the implementation of the EU’s reinforced Youth Guarantee.
Evropska raziskava o kakovosti življenja
Eurofoundova evropska raziskava o kakovosti življenja (EQLS) vsebuje edinstveno obsežen nabor kazalnikov subjektivnega dobrega počutja (26 kazalnikov v raziskavi iz leta 2016). Za zajemanje splošnega subjektivnega počutja sta običajno vključena dva globalna merila:
zadovoljstvo z življenjem, ki ljudem omogoča, da zagotovijo splošno oceno svojega življenja
splošna sreča, ki ljudem omogoča, da bolj čustveno ocenijo, kako se počutijo
Kazalniki dobrega počutja
Eurofound je prvič začel izvajati raziskavo EQLS leta 2003, četrto raziskavo pa je zaključil leta 2016. Konceptualni okvir, uporabljen v EQLS, je na splošno v skladu s smernicami OECD. Subjektivno dobro počutje obravnava s tremi skupinami kazalnikov:
ocenjevalno dobro počutje – zadovoljstvo z življenjem in zadovoljstvo z življenjskimi področji
pozitiven in negativen vpliv – sreča, vitalnost, občutek miru, občutek veselja, občutek depresije
Eudaimonic dobro počutje – optimizem, avtonomija, občutek namena, čas za uživanje v življenju in odpornost
Ugotovitve EQLS kažejo, da so najmočnejši dejavniki večjega zadovoljstva z življenjem in sreče občutek namena, ki mu sledi optimizem glede prihodnosti in avtonomije.
Zdravje je še en ključni dejavnik dobrega počutja. Podatki EQLS pojasnjujejo spremembe v zdravstvenem stanju prebivalstva EU kot celote in v zvezi s skupinami, ki vzbujajo posebno zaskrbljenost. V zvezi z duševnim zdravjem in dobrim počutjem EQLS postavlja več vprašanj, ki jih je mogoče uporabiti za izdelavo indeksa duševnega počutja SZO (WHO-5).
Raziskava EQLS 2016 je vključevala dve dodatni postavki, ki meri odpornost, da se zajame zaznana sposobnost reševanja težav in čas, potreben za okrevanje. Zaznana odpornost pozitivno korelira s spremenljivkami duševnega počutja.
Člen 3 Pogodbe o Evropski uniji poudarja, kako pomembno je, da EU spodbuja blaginjo svojih narodov in si prizadeva za trajnostni razvoj Evrope. Evropski steber socialnih pravic ponovno poudarja ta cilj in poudarja, da je cilj močne socialne Evrope postaviti ljudi in njihovo blaginjo v središče. Dobro zdravje in dobro počutje je tudi eden od 17 ciljev trajnostnega razvoja ZN.
Da bi zajeli zapletenost sodobnih družb, je cilj pobude Evropske komisije Onkraj BDP meriti napredek, resnično bogastvo in blaginjo z razvojem kazalnikov, ki dopolnjujejo podatke o BDP, vendar bolj vključujejo okoljske in socialne vidike napredka. Poleg tega Eurostatovi kazalniki kakovosti življenja zagotavljajo najnovejše statistične podatke o različnih razsežnostih kakovosti življenja v EU in dopolnjujejo tudi tradicionalno uporabljeni kazalnik BDP.
Evropski okvir Svetovne zdravstvene organizacije za ukrepanje na področju duševnega zdravja in dobrega počutja za obdobje 2021–2025, ki ga sofinancira Komisija, podpira države članice EU pri pregledu njihovih politik in izmenjavi izkušenj pri izboljšanju učinkovitosti in uspešnosti politik.
V globalnem kontekstu je Organizacija za gospodarsko sodelovanje in razvoj (OECD) pripravila smernice za zbiranje in uporabo meril subjektivne blaginje.
Evropska komisija: Akcijski načrt za evropski steber socialnih pravicopens in new tab
Združeni narodi: cilji trajnostnega razvojaopens in new tab
Evropska komisija: Alternativna merila napredka nad BDP opens in new tab
Eurostat: Kazalniki kakovosti življenjaopens in new tab in subjektivna blaginja – statistikaopens in new tab
OECD: Smernice OECD o merjenju subjektivnega dobrega počutjaopens in new tab
To je izbor najpomembnejših ugotovitev v zvezi s to temo.
21 May 2024
Becoming adults: Young people in a post-pandemic world
During the pandemic, many young people had to change their plans for the future. While at the end of 2023 young people’s labour market situation was more favourable than it had been in recent years, many obstacles remained on their route to independence, such as the rising cost of living and inability to move out of the parental home. This report explores young people’s wishes and plans for the future – and the well-being outcomes related to these plans – in the context of the current labour market and housing situation and progress on the implementation of the EU’s reinforced Youth Guarantee.
7 December 2022
Living, working and COVID-19 in the European Union and 10 EU neighbouring countries
The Living, working and COVID-19 survey, first launched by Eurofound in early 2020, aims to capture the wide-ranging impact of the pandemic on the work and lives of EU citizens. The fifth round of the Eurofound survey, which was implemented in spring 2022, also sheds light on a new uncertain reality caused by the war in Ukraine, record-high inflation and sharp rises in the cost of living. As a pilot survey, a shorter version of the questionnaire was fielded by the European Training Foundation (ETF) in 10 European Union (EU) neighbouring countries. This joint Eurofound-ETF factsheet presents a selection of results from the survey covering both the EU-27 and the 10 selected EU neighbouring countries.
The results reveal at least one clear commonality across respondents from all countries: serious concerns about the rising cost of living. At the same time, the results point to a large divergence in living and working conditions between respondents in the two groups of countries, but also show large differences within the EU itself and amongst the selected EU neighbouring countries.
28 January 2022
COVID-19 and older people: Impact on their lives, support and care
This report captures the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the quality of life of older citizens, including the impact on their well-being, finances, employment and social inclusion. It explores the effects on the use of care services and older people’s reliance on other support. The report presents policy measures that have been implemented in EU Member States to support older people along all of the above-mentioned dimensions. These include measures to support independent living and schemes to support the labour market integration of older people or to prevent unemployment, all of which play a role in the quality of life of older citizens.
9 November 2021
Impact of COVID-19 on young people in the EU
Following a long recovery from the economic crisis (2007–2013), young people in the EU proved to be more vulnerable to the effects of the restrictions put in place to slow the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. Young people were more likely than older groups to experience job loss, financial insecurity and mental health problems. They reported reduced life satisfaction and mental well-being associated with the stay-at-home requirements and school closures. While governments responded quickly to the pandemic, most efforts to mitigate the effects of restrictions were temporary measures aimed at preventing job loss and keeping young people in education. This report explores the effects of the pandemic on young people, particularly in terms of their employment, well-being and trust in institutions, and assesses the various policy measures introduced to alleviate these effects.
27 January 2020
What makes capital cities the best places to live?
Quality of life data show that in most countries, the capital city has advantages compared to the regions outside the capital. In light of the continued growth of capital city populations and the concentration of resources within them, this policy brief explores the source of the advantages of capital cities in quality of life. Are these advantages mostly related to specific demographics that these cities nurture and attract? Or do these advantages stem from opportunities that major cities provide due to their scale and economic growth?
The policy brief aims to clarify why policy should focus on both the economy and society when it comes to advancing economic, social and territorial cohesion.
19 December 2019
Household composition and well-being
Demographic change, social progress and economic cycles have impacted household composition in Europe. This report provides an overview of household types in the European Union, how they have changed over the period 2007–2017 and how household type relates to outcomes in terms of living conditions and well-being – such as life satisfaction, the feeling of social exclusion and mental well-being. Changes in household structure have a potential impact on demand for public services and social benefits. The report also discusses the policy implications of changing household composition and recent policies responding to the increasing diversity of households. The report underlines the importance of recognition of diverse family forms, of the provision of social support, and of family policy measures complementing income support in reducing inequality of well-being among households.
12 November 2018
Social cohesion and well-being in Europe
This report provides an analysis of European societies in terms of social cohesion – in particular, social tensions, perceived social exclusion and community engagement are explored as key dimensions. It analyses the links between societal characteristics (quality of society) and well-being of different social groups. The analysis looks at how perceived levels of societal tensions have changed in European societies over time (2003–2016). It also examines which dimensions of social cohesion are most important for individual well-being. The report is based on data from Eurofound’s European Quality of Life Survey 2016, the fourth survey since 2003.
Raziskovalci agencije Eurofound zagotavljajo strokovno znanje in jih je mogoče kontaktirati za vprašanja ali poizvedbe medijev.
Eszter Sándor
Senior research managerEszter Sandor je višja vodja raziskav v enoti za socialne politike pri Eurofoundu. Ima strokovno znanje na področju metodologije anketiranja in statistične analize, sodelovala je pri pripravi in vodenju evropske raziskave o kakovosti življenja in nazadnje e-ankete o življenju, delu in covidu-19 ter je odgovorna za kakovost naborov podatkov. Njena raziskovalna področja so dobro počutje mladih in kakovost življenja v gospodinjstvih in družinah, vključno s subjektivnim počutjem, usklajevanjem poklicnega in zasebnega življenja ter življenjskimi pogoji. Pred tem je delala kot ekonomska svetovalka na Škotskem, kjer se je osredotočala na ocene gospodarskega učinka, vrednotenja in analize vhodnih in izhodnih rezultatov. Magistrirala je iz ekonomije in mednarodnih odnosov na Univerzi Corvinus v Budimpešti.
Ta razdelek omogoča dostop do vseh vsebin, ki so bile objavljene na to temo.
