Discrimination at work
The principle of equal treatment requires that all people, and in the context of the workplace all workers, have the right to receive the same treatment, and will not be discriminated against on the basis of criteria such as gender, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. EU law prohibits discrimination on an increasing number of grounds, meaning that it is difficult for employers to treat people differently without encountering a charge of discrimination and needing to establish an objective justification for doing so. Equal treatment is one of the main principles of the Pillar of Social Rights.
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Psychosocial risks to workers' well-being: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Psychosocial risks represent a major challenge to the health and well-being of workers in the EU. While the COVID-19 pandemic intensified some of these risks, it also increased awareness of them among policymakers. Using data from the European Working Conditions Telephone Survey 2021 and building on a theoretical model that differentiates between job stressors and job resources, this report examines key psychosocial risks in the workplace and their impact on health. It also assesses job characteristics that could help to protect workers’ health and well-being in post-pandemic workplaces. While the prevalence of psychosocial risks varies across the Member States, work–life interference and work intensity are the most widespread risks in the EU, and the prevalence of the latter increased during the pandemic. Job stressors such as adverse social behaviour and job insecurity continue to be experienced by a significant proportion of workers in the EU. Although resources are available to combat some risks, these may not be sufficient, and preventive policies need to be implemented to prevent risks from arising in the first place.
Are simple statistics enough? On the benefits of gender pay reports and audits
Following a sluggish response by many Member States to introduce or modify gender pay transparency measures, as it recommended in 2014, the European Commission intends to table a proposal for EU-level legislation on pay transparency later in 2020. In this context, a new Eurofound study investigated whether key people at company level see these measures as useful or beneficial. The results show that the richer pay audits are favoured over the simpler pay reports in terms of their perceived usefulness. Both managers and employee representatives agree on this.Member States are dawdling on gender pay transparency
The gender pay gap in gross hourly earnings in the EU was 14.8% in 2018. To help combat discriminatory pay practices by employers, the European Commission recommended in 2014 the introduction of pay transparency measures in all Member States. But more than half still have not implemented any such measures. Ursula von der Leyen announced in 2019 the Commission’s intention to table measures introducing binding pay transparency measures as part of new anti-discrimination legislation. Where do Member States currently stand on the agenda?Eurofoundin tutkijat tarjoavat asiantuntemustaan, ja heihin voi ottaa yhteyttä kysymyksissä ja mediapyynnöissä.
Karel Fric
Research officerKarel Fric on Eurofoundin sosiaalipolitiikan yksikön tutkija. Hänen työhönsä kuuluu kyselytutkimusta, data-analyysiä ja projektinhallintaa, keskittyen erityisesti työ- ja elinoloihin, tasa-arvoon ja syrjintään. Hän on aiemmin työskennellyt tutkijana Euroopan unionin perusoikeusvirastossa Wienissä, Itävallassa, ja Panteiassa, joka on tutkimus- ja konsultointiorganisaatio Zoetermeerissä, Alankomaissa. Karelilla on yhteiskuntatieteiden tohtorin tutkinto Rotterdamin Erasmus-yliopistosta ja taloustieteen maisterin tutkinto Utrechtin yliopistosta.
Tina Weber
Senior research managerTina Weber is a senior research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Her work has focused on labour shortages, the impact of hybrid work and an ‘always on’ culture and the right to disconnect, working conditions and social protection measures for self-employed workers and the impact of the twin transitions on employment, working conditions and industrial relations. She is responsible for studies assessing the representativeness of European social partner organisations. She has also carried out research on European Works Councils and the evolution of industrial relations and social dialogue in the European Union. Prior to joining Eurofound in 2019, she worked for a private research institute primarily carrying out impact assessments and evaluations of EU labour law and labour market policies. Tina holds a PhD in Political Sciences from the University of Edinburgh which focussed on the role of national trade unions and employers’ organisations in the European social dialogue.
Agnès Parent-Thirion
Senior research managerAgnès Parent-Thirion on Eurofoundin työelämäyksikön vanhempi tutkimuspäällikkö, jonka tehtävänä on suunnitella, kehittää ja toteuttaa työoloja koskevia tutkimushankkeita, erityisesti Euroopan työolotutkimusta (EWCS) ja sen analyysejä. Hän vastaa vuoden 2021 eurooppalaisesta työsopimusta koskevasta erityispainoksesta ja vuoden 2024 työsopimusta koskevan kyselylomakkeen valmistelusta. Hänen tutkimusintressejään ovat työolot, työn laatu, työolojen seuranta, työn organisointi, sukupuoli, työn tulevaisuus ja aika. Hän on työskennellyt eurooppalaisten vertailevien tutkimusten parissa yli vuosikymmenen ajan kaikilla osa-alueilla, mukaan lukien suunnittelu, kyselylomakkeiden kehittäminen, kenttätyö, laadunvalvonta ja analysointi. Hän on valmistunut taloustieteestä ja johtamisesta Pariisin IX Dauphinen ja Pariisin I Panthéon Sorbonnen yliopistoista ja hänellä on tilastotieteen jatkotutkinto Dublinin Trinity Collegesta. Hän on äskettäin suorittanut tekoälyn verkkokursseja: tutkimuslähtöinen johtajuus MIT Sloan Executive Educationin kanssa ja "Les grand enjeux de la transition: re-ouvrir l'horizon, comprendre pour agir" Campus de la Transitionin kanssa. Ennen Eurofoundille tuloaan hän työskenteli useita vuosia Euroopan komissiossa.
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