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This report examines the average weekly working hours across Europe in 2021 and 2022. It covers important developments resulting from legislative reforms in collective bargaining at national or sectoral level...

24 oktober 2023
Publication
Research report
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The most relevant changes in working time regulation in Europe in 2019 and 2020 addressed challenges arising as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most focused on short-time working schemes...

14 oktober 2021
Publication
Research report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Jorge Cabrita is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit. He is responsible for formulating, coordinating and managing European-wide research, and promoting the...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (14)

This article presents some of the key developments and research findings on aspects of individual employment relations in the EU during the first quarter of 2014. The terms and conditions of employment, entitlements and obligations and aspects related to the termination of the employment

18 February 2015

Working time policies, although designed within the national and sectoral framework and the boundaries of institutional regulations, are fine-tuned and implemented at the level of each company, taking account of the environment in which the company operates and the workforce it is employing. Hence

08 December 2009

The Foundation’s Company Survey on Working Time and Work–Life Balance 2004–2005 set out to map the use of a variety of working time arrangements in companies, to assess the reasons for their introduction and their impact. This analytical report addresses the issue of parental leave as well as other

17 June 2008

The comparative supplement in this issue of EIRObserver looks at the current position on family-related leave in 19 EU Member States and Norway, focusing on regulation by collective bargaining. The supplement also examines the views of trade unions and employers on this issue and assesses the impact

30 November 2004

Online resources results (102)

New agreement signed in banking

On 10 January 2000, the Association of French Banks (AFB) and the trade unions signed a new collective agreement for the banking sector. Although the new agreement constitutes a step backwards from the previous one - which had been terminated by the employers - in some respects, it is still an

UK introduces new rights to time off work for family and domestic reasons

The Maternity and Parental Leave Regulations 1999 were laid before parliament on 4 November and took effect on 15 December 1999. The regulations introduce a right to parental leave, based on Council Directive 96/34/EC [1] (TN9801201S [2]), and improve existing maternity leave arrangements. The

New law promotes reconciliation of work and family life

A new law which came into force in Spain in November 1999 reforms the whole set of rules on family-related leave arrangements, and completes the transposition of the EU Directives on maternity protection and parental leave.

New law adopted on parental leave

Legislation approved by Italy's Chamber of Deputies in October 1999 transposes the EU Directive on parental leave into Italian law. The most innovative aspects of the new law are that it increases leave to 10 months within the first eight years of the child's life, and encourages the use of parental

Ericsson provides extra parental leave pay

During 1999, seven companies in the Ericsson telecommunications group became covered by an agreement concluded by the parent company with the Union for Technical and Clerical Employees in Industry (Svenska Industritjänstemannaförbundet, SIF), the Association of Graduated Engineers (Sveriges

New measures on parental and family leave

New legislation at the approval stage in the Portuguese parliament in May 1999 will improve existing provisions on parental and family leave and protection for women undergoing a high-risk pregnancy. The legislation, which partly transposes the EU parental leave Directive into Portuguese law

Labour's family-friendly employment agenda

The Labour government views its "family-friendly" policies as a major initiative underpinning its efforts to reconcile flexibility, competitiveness and improved employment rights. The Employment Relations Bill [1] (UK9902180F [2]), published in January 1999 and due to become law in the summer

Paper workers prefer working time reductions to cash payments

The collective agreement concluded for the paper and pulp industry in January 1998 by the Employers' Federation of Swedish Forest Industries (Sveriges Skogsindustriförbund, SSIF) and the Swedish Paper Workers' Union (Pappersindustriarbetareförbundet, Pappers), as well as providing for a pay increase

Commission reviews implementation of pregnant workers Directive

On 16 March 1999, the European Commission adopted a report (COM(1999)100 final [1]) on the implementation of the EU Directive on the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the health and safety at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding

Parental leave introduced as NAP is implemented

Under legislation introduced in February 1999, as part of Luxembourg's National Action Plan for employment, employees who are parents may take six months' parental leave (or 12 months' part-time leave) in respect of all children born after 1 January 1999. One parent may opt for this leave


Blogs results (1)
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Few events challenge the equilibrium between work and life like the arrival of a child. As gender roles continue to change in Europe, supporting the uptake of paternity and parental leave among fathers is fundamental, not just to close the ‘caring gap’ between men and women, but also to provide the

11 oktober 2018

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