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Employment structure

The employment structure reflects the change in employment across occupations and sectors, using various proxies of job quality. The current debate about shifts in the employment structure is focused on the extent to which observed patterns of job polarisation and upgrading have contributed to wage inequality trends and on Europe's shrinking middle class.

Topic

Recent updates

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Since 2002, the European Restructuring Monitor (ERM) has been monitoring the employment impact of large-scale restructuring events in Europe and covers the 27 EU Member States plus Norway.

Web page

Eurofound research

Eurofound’s European Jobs Monitor (EJM) analyses shifts in the employment structure in the EU, covering all Member States.

Key outputs

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The European Jobs Monitor (EJM) tracks structural change in European labour markets. It analyses shifts in the employment structure in the EU in terms of occupation and sector and gives...

Data Item

Eurofound expert(s)

John Hurley

John Hurley is a senior research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He took up the role of research manager in February 2012. He is responsible for the European...

Senior research manager,
Employment research unit
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Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
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​Martina Bisello is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. Her research interests include gender gaps in the labour market, occupational change and the impact of...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (95)

This first issue for 2008 includes: an overview of current macroeconomic trends and prospects; an overview of the ERM statistics for the first quarter of 2008; a focus on restructuring in the financial services sector; the closure of Nokia in Bochum; and restructuring in Cyprus and Malta.

28 September 2008

This fourth issue for 2007 includes: a summary of current macroeconomic trends and prospects; an overview of the ERM statistics for the fourth quarter of 2007; details of the global restructuring plan at Unilever; restructuring at ZRE Katowice and more on restructuring in Cyprus.

28 September 2008

This second issue for 2007 includes: an overview of current macroeconomic trends and prospects; a focus on restructuring in the commerce sector; and restructuring in Bulgaria, Romania, Cyprus and Malta.

28 September 2008

This first issue for 2007 covers: Summary of current macroeconomic trends and prospects; Overview of the ERM statistics 1st quarter 2007; Restructuring at Alcatel-Lucent; Restructuring at AIRBUS; Restructuring in Cyprus and Malta; Note on methodology.

28 September 2008

This fourth issue of the ERM quarterly includes: current macroeconomic trends, according to the World Bank; an overview of ERM statistics for the fourth quarter 2006; restructuring at Volkswagen and at EADS, the leading European aerospace and defence group; and, for the first time, a separate

28 September 2008

This third issue for 2007 includes: an overview of current macroeconomic trends and prospects; an overview of the ERM statistics for the third quarter of 2007; a focus on restructuring of Nokia Siemens Networks; and restructuring in Cyprus and Malta.

28 September 2008

This first issue of a revised approach to the ERM quarterly includes: an overview of relevant indicators such as GDP growth and the unemployment rate; the overall ERM statistics for the second quarter 2006; an examination of the often neglected issue of restructuring in the public sector with

28 September 2008

This third issue of the ERM quarterly includes: current macroeconomic trends from the World Economic Outlook, published in September 2006 by the International Monetary Fund (IMF); the overall ERM statistics for the third quarter 2006; offshoring from eastern Europe during the last two years, in

28 September 2008

At present, delocalisation only accounts for a relatively small number of jobs lost in Europe due to restructuring. However, competitive pressure from abroad leads to other forms of job loss. As European companies are increasingly exposed to foreign competition, a growing number of companies may not

02 June 2008

Even with the best possible anticipation by companies or policymakers, structural change – caused by globalisation and many other factors – will lead to the loss of jobs and ultimately unemployment. What type of policy or policies should be applied when this occurs? One response is the so-called

02 June 2008

Online resources results (2)

United Kingdom: Latest working life developments – Q2 2016

The outcome of the referendum on EU membership, the immediate impact of the vote to leave, the social partners’ reaction and the steel industry crisis are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the UK in the first

Blogs results (12)
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In the digital age, there are fewer routine jobs because of a higher risk of automation. But a great paradox of this age is this: workers in most types of jobs, including high-skilled ones, are reporting higher levels of routine at work. This emerges from a new study of the task content of

28 September 2016
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Most discussions on the future of work are dominated by the impact of key changes in society, such as the digital revolution and demographic changes. These changes raise various issues of concern, sometimes suggesting contradictory trends such as labour shortages linked to an ageing population, or

25 Julij 2016

Upcoming publications results (1)

This report investigates regional employment dynamics in Europe before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the subsequent recovery from the crisis. Almost 90% of regions across the EU had exceeded their pre-pandemic employment levels by 2022. However, significant regional disparities in emp

August 2024

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