Pereiti į pagrindinį turinį
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Viešosios paslaugos

Viešosios paslaugos tokiose srityse, kaip  sveikatos priežiūra, švietimas, socialinė rūpyba ir transportas, yra būtinos norint užtikrinti gerą socialinę apsaugą, socialinę sanglaudą ir socialinę įtrauktį. Tačiau jų sėkmę kintančioje visuomeninėje ir demografinėje aplinkoje lemia paslaugų kokybė ir galimybė jomis naudotis.

Politikos formuotojams keliamas uždavinys užtikrinti, kad sveikatos priežiūros ir socialinės paslaugos būtų kuriamos ir teikiamos atsižvelgiant į įvairius piliečių poreikius. Tas iššūkis padidėjo dėl didelių finansinių apribojimų pastaraisiais metais, dėl didėjančios paklausos ir iš dalies dėl pabėgėlių antplūdžio į Europą. Taip pat kyla ir naujų klausimų, susijusių ne tik su paslaugų prieinamumu ir kokybe. Be kita ko, tai rizika, kad, pradėjus naudotis naujais skaitmeniniais paslaugų teikimo kanalais, gali būti izoliuotos jau ir taip palankių sąlygų neturinčios bendruomenės, taip pat gali būti sunku užtikrinti teisę gauti paslaugas ir paslaugų kokybės standartus.

2013 m. Komisijos paskelbtame Socialinių investicijų dokumentų rinkinyje valstybės narės raginamos daugiau akcentuoti kokybiškas viešąsias paslaugas. Be to, 2015 m. patvirtintoje Komisijos bendrosios skaitmeninės rinkos strategijoje akcentuojama, kad viešųjų paslaugų modernizavimas yra būdas skatinti konkurencingumą. Norint didinti išlaidų veiksmingumą ir paslaugų kokybę, būtina diegti naujas technologijas, viešąsias paslaugas internetu ir užtikrinti tarpvalstybinį sąveikumą. 2017 m. balandžio mėn. Komisija pristatė Europos socialinių teisių ramsčio dokumentų rinkinį. Tarp pagrindinių jame numatytų principų – teisė į kokybišką švietimą, ikimokyklinį ugdymą ir priežiūrą, sveikatos apsaugą, socialinį būstą ir kitas svarbiausias paslaugas.

Topic

Recent updates

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In this episode of Eurofound Talks Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Research Manager Daniel Molinuevo about the European Child Guarantee, how bad the situation is with regard to child poverty...
Podcast
Group of children eating healthy food in day care centre © Oksana Kuzmina/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support access to healthy nutrition and at least one healthy meal each school day.

Web page
Happy dad, excited kid play in cardboard boxes in new house © Davids C/peopleimages.com/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support effective access to adequate housing for children at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

Web page

EU context

Eurofound veikla

Eurofound apskritai nagrinėja piliečių poreikius ir ypatingą dėmesį skiria jaunimui, vyresnio amžiaus žmonėms, fizinės ar psichikos sveikatos problemų turintiems asmenims, taip pat asmenims, kilusiems iš migrantų šeimų. Jis stebi ir analizuoja viešųjų paslaugų pokyčius, kuriuos lemia biudžeto apribojimai, politikos pokyčiai ir technologijų bei skaitmeninimo pažanga. Rengdamas atvejų tyrimus, Eurofound savo viešųjų paslaugų tyrimuose taip pat nagrinėja paslaugų teikėjų požiūrį ir tai, kaip jie reaguoja į kintančius klientų poreikius.

Svarbiausias indėlis

Vykdydamas Europos gyvenimo kokybės tyrimą (EGKT), Eurofound nagrinėja krizės poveikį Europos visuomenei ir tai, kaip europiečiai vertina savo visuomenės ir jų viešųjų paslaugų kokybę. Išsamiuose tyrimuose nagrinėjamos kelios pagrindinės temos, įskaitant ekonomikos krizės ir socialinės sistemos reformų poveikį gyvenimo lygiui  bei visuomenės kokybei.

Be kita ko, pasinaudojant EGKT duomenimis tyrime vertinama socialinė nelygybė keturiose svarbiausiose gyvenimo srityse: sveikatos, gyvenimo lygio, našios ir vertinamos veiklos, taip pat asmeninio, šeimos ir socialinio gyvenimo. Be to, analizėje dėmesys sutelkiamas į šeimas: nagrinėjami vaikų turinčių skirtingų tipų šeimų gyvenimo kokybės pokyčiai ir lyginamas jų gyvenimo lygis ir socialinė padėtis. 

Taip pat domimasi prastų gyvenimo sąlygų socialiniu ir ekonominiu poveikiu bei padariniais, taip pat privačių ligoninių paslaugų plitimu Europoje. Be to, viena iš diskusijų temų yra tai, kaip didėjantis judžių piliečių srautas veikia ES valstybių narių viešąsias paslaugas.

Tarp Eurofound svarbių temų – jaunimo socialinės įtraukties skatinimo priemonės ir Jaunimo garantijų iniciatyvos įgyvendinimo patirtis. Be to, vis daugiau dėmesio ES politikos diskusijose ir Eurofound tyrimuose skiriama teisei į ikimokyklinį ugdymą bei priežiūros paslaugas ir tokių paslaugų kokybei.

Naudojantis 2016 m. atlikto ketvirtojo EGKT tyrimo duomenimis, Eurofound tyrimuose bus nagrinėjama, kaip viešosios paslaugos atitinka socialinių grupių poreikius, kad politikos formuotojai galėtų teikti reikiamas ir tinkamas socialines paslaugas. Eurofound vertins skaitmeninį poveikį įvairiais visuomeniniais bei geografiniais pjūviais ir nagrinės, kaip naujosios technologijos gali padėti kurti ir teikti sveikatos priežiūros ir socialines paslaugas.

Social inclusion: Protecting young people and children

Measures to support the social inclusion of young people and experience of the implementation of the reinforced Youth Guarantee have been important topics for Eurofound. In addition, access to early childhood education and care services and the quality of such services have been gaining greater prominence in the EU policy debate around the European Child Guarantee and have also been the focus of Eurofound research.

Focus on various public services

Other areas of interest for Eurofound include housing unaffordability and inadequacy, as well as household over-indebtedness and debt advisory services. Research has also explored access to energy, public transport and digital communications for people on low incomes. 

Future research will focus on mental health services and services facilitating independent living. Furthermore, the impact of the inflow of mobile citizens on the public services of EU Member States will be an important consideration.

Key outputs

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The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in...

21 Rugsėjis 2023
Publication
Policy brief
Front cover for Eurofound's publication entitled 'Social services in Europe: Adapting to a new reality'

Šioje ataskaitoje nagrinėjamas COVID-19 krizės poveikis socialinėms paslaugoms ES. Nors pandemija neigiamai paveikė socialines paslaugas, ji vis dėlto suteikė žinių, kaip jas pritaikyti iškilus naujiems iššūkiams ir socialinėms grėsmėms. Pavyzdžiui...

16 Rugpjūtis 2023
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Examining services for labour market integration of people with disabilities based on data from the EQLS 2016 to support policymaking in designing relevant and efficient services
    • Mapping developments in advisory for household debt in EU countries as well as identifying barriers to access these services to combat poverty and assessing take-up
    • Analysing differences and inequalities in access to social services of general interest in the EU and assessing the nature and extent of convergence/divergence

     

    Eurofound expert(s)

    hans-dubois-2023.png

    Hans Dubois is a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. His research topics include housing, over-indebtedness, healthcare, long-term care, social...

    Senior research manager,
    Social policies research unit
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    Daniel Molinuevo is a research manager in the Social Policies unit, having joined Eurofound in 2010. His research on health and social care has focused on the quality and...

    Research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    Publications results (103)

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    09 November 2006

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    28 July 2006

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    26 July 2006

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    02 July 2006

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    28 June 2006

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    18 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    18 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    11 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    11 June 2006

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    18 Sausis 2021
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