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Javne storitve

Javne storitve, kot so zdravstvo, izobraževanje, socialno varstvo in prevoz, so bistvene za dosego visokih ravni socialne zaščite, socialne kohezije in socialne vključenosti. Odločilna dejavnika za njihovo učinkovitost v spreminjajočem se družbenem in demografskem okolju sta kakovost storitev in dostop do njih.

Izziv za oblikovalce politik je zagotoviti zasnovo in izvajanje zdravstvenih in socialnih storitev, ki izpolnjujejo različne potrebe državljanov. Navedeni izziv še stopnjujejo zelo velike finančne omejitve v zadnjih letih in vse večje povpraševanje, ki je deloma posledica staranja prebivalstva, deloma pa tudi prihoda beguncev v Evropo. Poleg vprašanj cenovne dostopnosti in kakovosti se pojavljajo tudi nova vprašanja. Med njimi so tveganje, da bi lahko novi digitalni kanali za opravljanje storitev izolirali že tako prikrajšane skupnosti, in morebitne težave pri zagotavljanju standardov dostopa do storitev in njihove kakovosti.

V svežnju Evropske komisije o socialnih naložbah, ki je bil predstavljen leta 2013, so države članice pozvane, naj več pozornosti namenijo visokokakovostnim javnim storitvam. Poleg tega je v strategiji Komisije za enotni digitalni trg, sprejeti leta 2015, poudarek na posodobitvi javnih storitev kot načina za spodbujanje konkurenčnosti. Sprejemanje novih tehnologij, spletne javne storitve in čezmejna interoperabilnost so bistveni za izboljšanje stroškovne učinkovitosti in kakovosti storitev. Komisija je aprila 2017 predstavila sveženj evropskega stebra socialnih pravic, ki med glavnimi načeli vključuje dostop do kakovostnega izobraževanja, predšolske vzgoje in varstva, zdravstvenega varstva, socialnih stanovanj in drugih bistvenih storitev.

Topic

Recent updates

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In this episode of Eurofound Talks Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Research Manager Daniel Molinuevo about the European Child Guarantee, how bad the situation is with regard to child poverty...
Podcast
Group of children eating healthy food in day care centre © Oksana Kuzmina/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support access to healthy nutrition and at least one healthy meal each school day.

Web page
Happy dad, excited kid play in cardboard boxes in new house © Davids C/peopleimages.com/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support effective access to adequate housing for children at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

Web page

EU context

Eurofoundovo delo

Eurofound preučuje potrebe državljanov na splošno, pri čemer posebno pozornost namenja mladim, starejšim, osebam, ki imajo težave s fizičnim in duševnim zdravjem, ter osebam iz priseljenskih družin. Spremlja in analizira spremembe v javnih storitvah, ki so posledica proračunskih omejitev, sprememb politik ter napredka na področju tehnologije in digitalizacije.V Eurofoundovih raziskavah javnih storitev se s poglobljenimi študijami primerov preučujejo tudi vidiki izvajalcev storitev in njihov odziv na spreminjajoče se potrebe uporabnikov.

Ključni prispevki

V analizi iz Eurofoundove evropske raziskave o kakovosti življenja (EQLS) se preučujeta učinek krize na evropsko krizo ter način, kako Evropejci dojemajo kakovost družbe in javnih storitev. V poglobljenih študijah je obravnavanih več ključnih tem, vključno z učinkom, ki ga imajo gospodarska kriza in reforme na področju socialne varnosti na življenjski standard in kakovost družbe.

Na podlagi podatkov iz raziskave EQLS so se v raziskavah obravnavale zlasti socialne neenakosti na štirih ključnih področjih življenja: zdravje, življenjski standard, produktivne in cenjene dejavnosti, ter individualno, družinsko in družbeno življenje. V analizi se je posebna pozornost namenila tudi družinam, pri čemer se je obravnavala spreminjajoča se kakovost življenja v EU za različne vrste družin z otroki ter primerjal njihov življenjski standard in socialni položaj. 

Druga področja zanimanja so bila družbeni in gospodarski stroški neprimernih bivanjskih razmer in njihove posledice ter porast zasebnega zagotavljanja bolnišničnih storitev v Evropi. Poleg tega se je razpravljalo o učinku vse večjega pritoka mobilnih državljanov na javne storitve držav članic EU.

Eurofound je med pomembne teme štel ukrepe za podpiranje socialne vključenosti mladih in pridobivanje izkušenj z izvajanjem jamstva za mlade. Poleg tega sta dostop do storitev na področju predšolske vzgoje in varstva ter kakovost teh storitev vprašanji, katerih pomen se v razpravi o politiki EU povečuje in ki jima je bila v Eurofoundovih raziskavah namenjena glavna pozornost.

Z uporabo podatkov iz četrte raziskave EQLS, opravljene leta 2016, se bo v Eurofoundovih raziskavah preučilo, kako dobro se z javnimi storitvami zadovoljujejo potrebe družbenih skupin, da bi se oblikovalcem politik pomagalo pri zagotavljanju ustreznih in primerih socialnih storitev. Eurofound bo obravnaval učinek digitalizacije glede na družbene in geografske razmejitve ter preučil, kako bi bilo mogoče zasnovo in izvajanje zdravstvenih in socialnih storitev podpreti z novimi tehnologijami.

Social inclusion: Protecting young people and children

Measures to support the social inclusion of young people and experience of the implementation of the reinforced Youth Guarantee have been important topics for Eurofound. In addition, access to early childhood education and care services and the quality of such services have been gaining greater prominence in the EU policy debate around the European Child Guarantee and have also been the focus of Eurofound research.

Focus on various public services

Other areas of interest for Eurofound include housing unaffordability and inadequacy, as well as household over-indebtedness and debt advisory services. Research has also explored access to energy, public transport and digital communications for people on low incomes. 

Future research will focus on mental health services and services facilitating independent living. Furthermore, the impact of the inflow of mobile citizens on the public services of EU Member States will be an important consideration.

Key outputs

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The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in...

21 September 2023
Publication
Policy brief
Front cover for Eurofound's publication entitled 'Social services in Europe: Adapting to a new reality'

V tem poročilu je obravnavan vpliv pandemije covida-19 na socialne storitve v EU. Čeprav je pandemija negativno vplivala na socialne storitve, je prinesla koristna spoznanja o tem, kako jih prilagoditi...

16 Avgust 2023
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Examining services for labour market integration of people with disabilities based on data from the EQLS 2016 to support policymaking in designing relevant and efficient services
    • Mapping developments in advisory for household debt in EU countries as well as identifying barriers to access these services to combat poverty and assessing take-up
    • Analysing differences and inequalities in access to social services of general interest in the EU and assessing the nature and extent of convergence/divergence

     

    Eurofound expert(s)

    hans-dubois-2023.png

    Hans Dubois is a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. His research topics include housing, over-indebtedness, healthcare, long-term care, social...

    Senior research manager,
    Social policies research unit
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    Daniel Molinuevo is a research manager in the Social Policies unit, having joined Eurofound in 2010. His research on health and social care has focused on the quality and...

    Research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    Publications results (103)

    This is a report of a conference held in Helsinki 2–3 October 2006, organised by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions, in cooperation with the National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health (STAKES) and the Finnish Institute of Occupational

    22 January 2007

    Childcare is a topic of much debate in the enlarged EU due to demographic changes and an ageing population. Against this background, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions initiated research into the EU childcare sector, focusing on out-of-school care for

    09 November 2006

    In the context of an ageing population and increasing demand for care services in the European Union, there is growing concern about the supply of suitably qualified care workers. Low pay, low status, and high rates of turnover and burnout make it difficult to attract workers to the care sector and

    28 July 2006

    Childcare is a topic of much debate in the enlarged EU due to demographic changes and an ageing population. Against this background, the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions initiated research into the EU childcare sector, focusing on out-of-school care for

    26 July 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    02 July 2006

    In the context of an ageing population and increasing demand for care services in the European Union, there is growing concern about the supply of suitably qualified care workers. Low pay, low status, and high rates of turnover and burnout make it difficult to attract workers to the care sector and

    28 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    18 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    18 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    11 June 2006

    The Foundation is working on sustainable childcare services currently available for school-age children in the 25 Member States of the European Union (EU25). The study aims to support the debate on modernisation of care systems in Europe, to review existing information on childcare services and

    11 June 2006

    Online resources results (54)
    In this episode of Eurofound Talks Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Research Manager Daniel Molinuevo about the European Child Guarantee, how bad the situation is with regard to child poverty and social exclusion in Europe, what Member States have committed to doing about it, what the implicatio
    1 Maj 2024

    Finland: Major reform to healthcare and social services underway

    The Finnish government is preparing a major reform to health, social services and regional government which will make regional governments a new level of public administration. Healthcare and social services and public employment services will be transferred from local governments to regional

    Sweden: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    Continued conflict at the Port of Gothenburg and an increase in sick leave due to mental ill-health in the workplace are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Sweden in the second quarter of 2017.

    Latvia: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    Restrictions on extended working hours and tax reforms in the healthcare sector, strike action by family doctors, and social partner discussions on the national minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Austria: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    A new minimum wage of €1,500, the breakdown of negotiations on working time flexibility, a record low of occupational accidents and difficult working conditions in the health sector are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

    Spain: Agreement to reduce temporary employment in public administration

    Approximately 250,000 temporary employment positions in Spain’s public administration will become permanent in the next three years, after an agreement on the issue was reached by the Spanish Ministry of Finance and Public Function and the major Spanish unions representing public employees. The

    Estonia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

    Sectoral collective bargaining in the healthcare sector, changes to the dispute resolution mechanism and equal treatment for men and women in the workplace are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Estonia in the first

    Sweden: Government scraps contested labour market reforms

    Sweden’s coalition government has reversed changes to the welfare system made by the previous centre-right government. It has removed a cut-off point of 2.5 years for claiming sickness benefit and scrapped a scheme for mandatory workplace activities for the unemployed. The decision to reverse rather


    Blogs results (7)

    Child poverty and exclusion in the EU is on the rise. To address this worrying trend, EU policy needs to focus on access to services, which requires improving data collection, targeting inequalities and involving the workforce that delivers services in policymaking.

    24 Oktober 2023
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    The European Pillar of Social Rights states that ‘everyone has the right to affordable long-term care services of good quality, in particular home-care and community-based services’. Taking a step to make this principle a reality, the European Commission is currently preparing a European Care

    5 Maj 2022
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    Healthcare providers have been overwhelmed by the demand for COVID-19-related care. Medical appointments and treatments for other conditions have often been delayed, potentially leading to escalating health problems and greater future care needs among those who have missed out. If the pandemic leads

    18 Januar 2021
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    An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

    2 December 2020
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    Depopulation of rural areas and the concentration of employment and education opportunities in urban centres is a fact of modern life. What impact does this have on the quality of life of rural residents? Do they feel increasingly isolated, and what are the emerging trends? New research by Eurofound

    8 Maj 2019
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    Austerity measures introduced during the crisis have disproportionately concerned cuts in the measures that are most vital for reducing child poverty: cash and tax benefits, a new Eurofound report shows. Furthermore, there has been a move away from universal coverage towards more targeted support

    3 Februar 2016
    Upcoming publications results (1)

    Social protection can include a range of entitlements to monetary and in-kind benefits. Eurofound’s project focuses on unemployment and minimum income benefits. Social protection can provide a safety net for people who are negatively impacted by the green and digital transitions. During the COVID-19

    September 2024
    Data results (2)
    7 November 2023
    Reference period:
    24 Oktober 2023
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