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Odmeňovanie a príjem

Odmeňovanie a príjem stoja v centre pracovnoprávnych vzťahov a kvality života. Vzhľadom na vývoj v ekonomike a celkovo v spoločnosti vyvolaný krízou sa tejto problematike venuje na úrovni EÚ ešte viac pozornosti.

Topic

Recent updates

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In this pilot project, Eurofound successfully established the feasibility of, and piloted, an EU-wide database of minimum pay rates contained in collective agreements related to low-paid workers. A conceptual and...

26 január 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

V Európskom pilieri sociálnych práv sa stanovujú záväzky EÚ týkajúce sa miezd: právo pracovníkov na spravodlivú mzdu, ktorá im zabezpečí dôstojnú životnú úroveň, zaistenie adekvátnej minimálnej mzdy a predchádzanie chudobe pracujúcich.

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Nadácia Eurofound pravidelne vydáva správy o rôznych aspektoch odmeňovania a príjmu vzhľadom na meniacu sa hospodársku situáciu v Európe.

Monitorovanie odmeňovania

Nadácia Eurofound prostredníctvom svojho Európskeho monitorovacieho centra pracovného života (EurWORK) zhromažďuje množstvo informácií o odmeňovaní. Vďaka pravidelnosti týchto správ je k dispozícii dlhšia séria pozorovaní o dohodnutej odmene, čo umožňuje sledovať trendy v jej vývoji. Nadácia Eurofound pravidelne uverejňuje aktuálne informácie o zákonom stanovenej minimálnej mzde a dohodnutej odmene. Monitoruje aj vývoj na vnútroštátnej úrovni vo vzťahu k mechanizmom stanovovania miezd, rovnosti odmeny, pohyblivej odmene, nízkym odmenám a rozdielom v odmeňovaní žien a mužov.

Profily krajín z hľadiska pracovného času obsahujú informácie o odmeňovaní na vnútroštátnej úrovni a pravidelne sa aktualizujú. Nadácia EurWORK na tému odmeňovania vedie dve databázy (pozri zdroje nižšie).

V rámci jej európskeho nástroja na monitorovanie pracovných miest (EJM)sa vyhodnocujú zmeny v zamestnanosti podľa zamestnania na základe rôznych kvalitatívnych meraní vrátane odmeny. Vo výraznej miere prispieva k prehľadu o tzv. polarizácii zamestnanosti, čiže miere, do akej sa predpokladá, že rast zamestnanosti bude väčší na vrchnej a spodnej úrovni rozdelenia miezd než na strednej.  

Údaje z prieskumu

V prieskumoch nadácie Eurofound sa monitorujú aj podmienky odmeňovania v EÚ. Odmeňovanie je pre nadáciu Eurofound v rámci jej výskumu týkajúceho sa vyhodnocovania kvality práce v centre pozornosti. V Európskom prieskume pracovných podmienok (EWCS) je príjem jedným zo siedmich indikátorov kvality práce. V rámci prieskumu EWCS sa informuje aj o rozdiele v odmeňovaní žien a mužov. Pozrite si interaktívny nástroj na vizualizáciu údajov z prieskumu EWCS.

V rámci Európskeho prieskumu kvality života (EQLS) sa monitoruje vplyv príjmu na životnú úroveň a to, ako príjmová nerovnosť súvisí so sociálnou kohéziou a pohodou. Analyzuje sa tu, ako kríza ovplyvnila rodiny, skúmajú sa rodiny s nízkymi príjmami, zadĺženie domácnosti a skupiny, ktorým hrozí chudoba. V prieskume EQLS sa získavajú informácie aj o príjmoch na dôchodku a možnostiach predĺženia pracovného života. Pozrite si interaktívny nástroj na vizualizáciu údajov z prieskumu EQLS.

V Európskom prieskume podnikov (ECS) sa zachytáva používanie rôznych režimov odmeňovania v organizáciách, ako aj krytie zamestnancov v týchto organizáciách kolektívnymi dohodami o mzdových podmienkach. Prieskum umožňuje prepojiť informácie o rôznom odmeňovaní a vyjednávaní o mzdách s informáciami o organizácii práce, riadení ľudských zdrojov, priamej účasti zamestnancov a sociálnom dialógu, ako aj s výkonom a dobrými podmienkami na pracovisku.

Key outputs

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Výročný prehľad minimálnych miezd za rok 2023 bol vypracovaný v kontexte bezprecedentnej inflácie v celej Európe. Hoci to v mnohých krajinách viedlo k prudkému zvýšeniu nominálnych mzdových sadzieb, v mnohých...

29 jún 2023
Publication
Research report
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V tejto správe sa skúma rozdelenie bohatstva domácností v členských štátoch EÚ a analyzuje sa úloha bohatstva v rámci sociálnej mobility. Na základe údajov z troch súborov údajov (prieskum financií a spotreby v domácnostiach, výskum zdravia, starnutie...

30 marec 2021
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Christine Aumayr-Pintar is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. Her current research topics include minimum wages, collectively agreed wages and gender...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
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Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (123)

The recent enlargement of the European Union has changed the context within which poverty and social exclusion in the Member States is understood and has highlighted the need for an expanded approach to these problems. Enlargement has widened the gap in living standards between the richest and

11 October 2005

The problem of working poverty is increasingly pressing given the higher average incidence of the phenomenon in the new Member States. It represents a complex and challenging issue for European societies, as it can arise due to either individual or household circumstances. The Foundation’s project

15 October 2004

At the heart of this Foundation study is an examination of measures and mechanisms for more coordinated policy development and implementation, leading to a more effective delivery of services to minimum income recipients. Information is being gathered on the most widely used minimum income schemes

05 October 2000

Online resources results (888)

Romania: New law aims to reduce pay inequality in the public sector

New government legislation to reduce financial inequalities in the public sector will see workers receive considerable wage increases, the introduction of paid overtime and a reduction in the wage gap. However, some employer organisations fear such legislation could see an exodus of workers from the

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

New apprenticeship legislation, an ombudsman’s report on unpaid wages and posted workers, failure of the ‘mini-labour law reform’ and the resulting amendments to a range of labour legislation are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

Romania: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Strikes on the railways and in manufacturing, protests over public sector pay, and consultations on changes to social dialogue and labour legislation are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Romania in the second

United Kingdom: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Mounting pressure to end the 1% pay cap on public sector workers, falling union membership, the ‘gig economy’, and a strike at British Airways are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the United Kingdom in the second

Slovakia: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

A strike at Volkswagen Slovakia over pay negotiations and the introduction of stricter conditions for the support given to unemployed workers are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovakia in the second quarter of

Denmark: Private sector collective agreements concluded – despite difficulties

Collective agreements concluded in March in the private sector provided for small wage increases and improvements to education and training. However, many union members voted against an agreement about systematic overtime and measures to avoid social dumping. The deals follow the pace-setting

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

Latvia: Impact of austerity measures on the public health sector

Workers in Latvia’s public healthcare sector have protested about the less favourable working conditions in their sector, not just low pay, but also the level of shift work, overtime work and work during public holidays.

Ireland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Agreement on an earlier pay rise for public service staff, strikes at Tesco and Bus Éireann, and proposals on minimum pay and working hours for security guards are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Ireland in the

Slovenia: Doctors' agreement could destabilise public sector salary system

After six months of tough negotiations and industrial action by doctors, the government and the doctors’ trade union finally signed a collective agreement in March 2017. Doctors achieved most of their demands, which related to working standards as well as wages. The annual cost of the agreement has


Blogs results (22)

The housing crisis could be tackled by improving public services, better urban planning and ensuring that social protection benefits reach the people who need them most.

2 máj 2024
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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we live and work. With the lifting of restrictions across the globe, we are now able to examine the many repercussions on the world of work. In particular, the unique demands of the last few years have shone a harsh spotlight on the pressures brought to bear

17 január 2023
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Rising energy prices are putting more people under increased financial pressure and at greater risk of energy poverty. In this data story, we take a closer look at the data from the fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey to explore the extent of the issue and the threat of energy

3 august 2022
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Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power

15 jún 2022
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While the number of employees earning the minimum wage has increased across Europe over the last decade, spurred by significant minimum wage hikes, a clear gender divide emerges, with minimum wage earners more likely to be women. Minimum wage earners are also more likely to live in materially

26 október 2021
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With its proposed directive on gender pay transparency, the European Commission has significantly bolstered the set of tools for delivering its objectives compared to those presented in its 2014 Recommendation. The proposed portfolio of measures addresses many shortcomings of the instruments that

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Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

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The pandemic has had differential impacts on women. Raised consciousness about them must be applied to advance gender equality in recovery measures. All crises have a strongly gendered impact and none more so than the current pandemic, across a range of indicators. While the virus itself seems to

28 apríl 2021
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​​​​​​​To date, close to six million workers in the EU have lost their jobs due to COVID-19. Many businesses have closed their doors forever or been pushed to the brink, bringing severe financial and psychological hardship to the individuals and families affected. However, the toll of the pandemic

9 február 2021

Upcoming publications results (2)

The report maps trends in income inequality and examines the situation of the middle classes in the EU during 2020, the year most associated with the COVID-19 lockdowns. It charts developments in the size and composition of middle-class households across countries, identifies those that suffered dis

July 2024

The 2024 annual review of minimum wages presents the most recent rates of national minimum wages and recalls how they were set and agreed upon during 2023. It includes information on minimum wages set in sectoral collective agreements in countries without national minimum wages.

June 2024
Data results (4)

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