Skočiť na hlavný obsah
Shutterstock image of young couple reviewing their finances

Odmeňovanie a príjem

Odmeňovanie a príjem stoja v centre pracovnoprávnych vzťahov a kvality života. Vzhľadom na vývoj v ekonomike a celkovo v spoločnosti vyvolaný krízou sa tejto problematike venuje na úrovni EÚ ešte viac pozornosti.

Topic

Recent updates

ef22064_card_cover.png

In this pilot project, Eurofound successfully established the feasibility of, and piloted, an EU-wide database of minimum pay rates contained in collective agreements related to low-paid workers. A conceptual and...

26 január 2024
Publication
Research report

EU context

V Európskom pilieri sociálnych práv sa stanovujú záväzky EÚ týkajúce sa miezd: právo pracovníkov na spravodlivú mzdu, ktorá im zabezpečí dôstojnú životnú úroveň, zaistenie adekvátnej minimálnej mzdy a predchádzanie chudobe pracujúcich.

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Nadácia Eurofound pravidelne vydáva správy o rôznych aspektoch odmeňovania a príjmu vzhľadom na meniacu sa hospodársku situáciu v Európe.

Monitorovanie odmeňovania

Nadácia Eurofound prostredníctvom svojho Európskeho monitorovacieho centra pracovného života (EurWORK) zhromažďuje množstvo informácií o odmeňovaní. Vďaka pravidelnosti týchto správ je k dispozícii dlhšia séria pozorovaní o dohodnutej odmene, čo umožňuje sledovať trendy v jej vývoji. Nadácia Eurofound pravidelne uverejňuje aktuálne informácie o zákonom stanovenej minimálnej mzde a dohodnutej odmene. Monitoruje aj vývoj na vnútroštátnej úrovni vo vzťahu k mechanizmom stanovovania miezd, rovnosti odmeny, pohyblivej odmene, nízkym odmenám a rozdielom v odmeňovaní žien a mužov.

Profily krajín z hľadiska pracovného času obsahujú informácie o odmeňovaní na vnútroštátnej úrovni a pravidelne sa aktualizujú. Nadácia EurWORK na tému odmeňovania vedie dve databázy (pozri zdroje nižšie).

V rámci jej európskeho nástroja na monitorovanie pracovných miest (EJM)sa vyhodnocujú zmeny v zamestnanosti podľa zamestnania na základe rôznych kvalitatívnych meraní vrátane odmeny. Vo výraznej miere prispieva k prehľadu o tzv. polarizácii zamestnanosti, čiže miere, do akej sa predpokladá, že rast zamestnanosti bude väčší na vrchnej a spodnej úrovni rozdelenia miezd než na strednej.  

Údaje z prieskumu

V prieskumoch nadácie Eurofound sa monitorujú aj podmienky odmeňovania v EÚ. Odmeňovanie je pre nadáciu Eurofound v rámci jej výskumu týkajúceho sa vyhodnocovania kvality práce v centre pozornosti. V Európskom prieskume pracovných podmienok (EWCS) je príjem jedným zo siedmich indikátorov kvality práce. V rámci prieskumu EWCS sa informuje aj o rozdiele v odmeňovaní žien a mužov. Pozrite si interaktívny nástroj na vizualizáciu údajov z prieskumu EWCS.

V rámci Európskeho prieskumu kvality života (EQLS) sa monitoruje vplyv príjmu na životnú úroveň a to, ako príjmová nerovnosť súvisí so sociálnou kohéziou a pohodou. Analyzuje sa tu, ako kríza ovplyvnila rodiny, skúmajú sa rodiny s nízkymi príjmami, zadĺženie domácnosti a skupiny, ktorým hrozí chudoba. V prieskume EQLS sa získavajú informácie aj o príjmoch na dôchodku a možnostiach predĺženia pracovného života. Pozrite si interaktívny nástroj na vizualizáciu údajov z prieskumu EQLS.

V Európskom prieskume podnikov (ECS) sa zachytáva používanie rôznych režimov odmeňovania v organizáciách, ako aj krytie zamestnancov v týchto organizáciách kolektívnymi dohodami o mzdových podmienkach. Prieskum umožňuje prepojiť informácie o rôznom odmeňovaní a vyjednávaní o mzdách s informáciami o organizácii práce, riadení ľudských zdrojov, priamej účasti zamestnancov a sociálnom dialógu, ako aj s výkonom a dobrými podmienkami na pracovisku.

Key outputs

ef23019_card_cover.png

Výročný prehľad minimálnych miezd za rok 2023 bol vypracovaný v kontexte bezprecedentnej inflácie v celej Európe. Hoci to v mnohých krajinách viedlo k prudkému zvýšeniu nominálnych mzdových sadzieb, v mnohých...

29 jún 2023
Publication
Research report
ef20034en_card_cover.png

V tejto správe sa skúma rozdelenie bohatstva domácností v členských štátoch EÚ a analyzuje sa úloha bohatstva v rámci sociálnej mobility. Na základe údajov z troch súborov údajov (prieskum financií a spotreby v domácnostiach, výskum zdravia, starnutie...

30 marec 2021
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

 

Eurofound expert(s)

christine-aumayr-2023.png

Christine Aumayr-Pintar is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. Her current research topics include minimum wages, collectively agreed wages and gender...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
caros-vacas-2023.png

Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (123)

This article presents some of the key developments and research findings in the EU during the first quarter of 2014. It features trends in pay, collective wage bargaining, wage-setting mechanisms and issues around minimum wages and equal pay.

18 February 2015

This article presents some of the key developments and research findings on pay in the EU during the second quarter of 2014. Post-crisis shifts in pay levels, national debates on the minimum wage and research into the gender pay gap are the main focus of this report.

18 February 2015

In the recent past, the policy debate around wage setting – both at European and the national level – has reflected the view that wages should better reflect differences in productivity developments. This article provides an overview of related debates in a number of Member States in 2014. By and

18 February 2015

This report describes the main developments in industrial relations and working conditions in 2013 in the 28 EU Member States and in Norway, from both a national and EU-level perspective. Beginning with an overview of the current economic and political context in these countries, the report goes on

16 January 2015

In order to develop effective and focused strategies to uphold social cohesion and improve happiness and quality of life in Europe, it is above all necessary to understand how complex social developments interact with each other. In particular since – as this study amply demonstrates – the different

25 November 2014

The available national data reveal that average nominal collectively agreed pay increases in 2013 were roughly the same as or lower than those in 2012 in all the countries examined. However, because of lower inflation rates, employees in a number of countries saw the purchasing power of their wages

12 June 2014

This report maps the impact of the global financial, economic and public debt crisis on industrial relations and working conditions at national level in the EU Member States from 2008 to end 2012. The impact of the crisis on industrial relations is mapped with regard to the actors, processes and

22 April 2014

The issue of wages has attracted particular attention at European level since the onset of the economic crisis. Changes in economic governance, notably within the European semester, have prompted discussions on wage‑setting mechanisms. While, overall, wage‑bargaining regimes have remained relatively

13 April 2014

This issue of Foundation Focus looks at issues surrounding pay, wages and income in Europe in the face of sustained difficult economic circumstances. For example, what sort of hardship are ordinary people experiencing? Which workers are being most affected by wage cuts? Are wage cuts the best way to

20 January 2014

During the last few decades, public administration workers have been subject to a number of structural, modernising reforms, in a framework often designated as ‘new public management’. The current economic and financial crisis has also meant that the steep rise in public debt has prompted many

12 January 2014

Online resources results (888)

Social partners agree three-year national programme

The primary objectives of Partnership 2000 (P2000) are: " the continued development of an efficient modern economy capable of high and sustainable economic and employment growth and operating within the constraints of international competitiveness, ensuring that Irish society becomes more inclusive

Article

Job security agreement at Blue Circle

In January 1997, the cement company, Blue Circle (BCC), and two of Britain's largest trade unions, the Transport and General Workers Union (TGWU) and the General Municipal and Boilermakers Union (GMB), agreed what has been described as a "ground breaking" deal which gives a guarantee of job security

Public sector pay policies

Three independent pay review bodies were created more than 25 years ago in what has been described as an attempt "to remove a range of highly sensitive settlements from the political arena" (P Bassett, /The Times,/ 7 February 1997). They recommended pay increases for doctors and dentists, the most

Apparent breakdown of Belgian central bargaining

For the first time since 1960, the Belgian social partners have failed to reach an intersectoral pay agreement and have instead accepted government imposition of measures on employment and maximum pay increases. This development runs counter to all traditions of free collective bargaining and the

Low wages in a high-wage economy

Compared to many other western industrialised countries, Germany has the image of being a high-wage economy with a relatively low inequality of incomes and living standards. This is mainly the result of the German system of branch-level central collective bargaining (Flächentarifvertrag), where

Bargaining in 1996 - from the Employment Alliance to the sick pay dispute

The Institute for Economics and Social Science (Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliches Institut, WSI) has recently published its annual examination of the previous collective bargaining round. It paints a rather mixed picture of 1996, a year in which collective bargaining was overshadowed by

Proposal to exempt long-term unemployed people from legal minimum wage

The Dutch Government wants to allow employers temporary exemptions from the legal minimum wage [1] (WML- wettelijk minimumloon), and to that end, a bill was submitted to Parliament in 1996. The target group consists of long-term unemployed people aged between 20 and 65. The purpose of the bill is to

Metalworking collective agreement signed after nine months of negotiations

On 4 February, following a mediation proposal by the Government, the national metalworking collective agreement was signed. Negotiations had lasted for nine months and were marked by moments of breakdown and conflict which resulted in strikes. The metalworking settlement, which covers some 1.5


Blogs results (22)

The housing crisis could be tackled by improving public services, better urban planning and ensuring that social protection benefits reach the people who need them most.

2 máj 2024
A worker sitting on the floor

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way we live and work. With the lifting of restrictions across the globe, we are now able to examine the many repercussions on the world of work. In particular, the unique demands of the last few years have shone a harsh spotlight on the pressures brought to bear

17 január 2023
ef22071.png

Rising energy prices are putting more people under increased financial pressure and at greater risk of energy poverty. In this data story, we take a closer look at the data from the fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey to explore the extent of the issue and the threat of energy

3 august 2022
ef22069.png

Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power

15 jún 2022
image_blog_26102021.png

While the number of employees earning the minimum wage has increased across Europe over the last decade, spurred by significant minimum wage hikes, a clear gender divide emerges, with minimum wage earners more likely to be women. Minimum wage earners are also more likely to live in materially

26 október 2021
ef21081.png

With its proposed directive on gender pay transparency, the European Commission has significantly bolstered the set of tools for delivering its objectives compared to those presented in its 2014 Recommendation. The proposed portfolio of measures addresses many shortcomings of the instruments that

ef21078.png

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

ef21075_v2.png

The pandemic has had differential impacts on women. Raised consciousness about them must be applied to advance gender equality in recovery measures. All crises have a strongly gendered impact and none more so than the current pandemic, across a range of indicators. While the virus itself seems to

28 apríl 2021
ef21048.png

​​​​​​​To date, close to six million workers in the EU have lost their jobs due to COVID-19. Many businesses have closed their doors forever or been pushed to the brink, bringing severe financial and psychological hardship to the individuals and families affected. However, the toll of the pandemic

9 február 2021

Upcoming publications results (2)

The report maps trends in income inequality and examines the situation of the middle classes in the EU during 2020, the year most associated with the COVID-19 lockdowns. It charts developments in the size and composition of middle-class households across countries, identifies those that suffered dis

July 2024

The 2024 annual review of minimum wages presents the most recent rates of national minimum wages and recalls how they were set and agreed upon during 2023. It includes information on minimum wages set in sectoral collective agreements in countries without national minimum wages.

June 2024
Data results (4)

Disclaimer

When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.