Plattformarbeit

Plattformarbeit ist das Matching von Nachfrage und Angebot an bezahlter Arbeit über eine Online-Plattform unter Verwendung eines Algorithmus. Drei Parteien sind am Matching-Prozess beteiligt: der Kunde, der Arbeit verlangt, die Plattform, die den Algorithmus verwaltet, und die Person, die die Arbeit über die Plattform bereitstellt. Es handelt sich um eine Arbeit, die auf der Erfüllung einzelner Aufgaben oder Projekte beruht und nicht um ein ununterbrochenes Arbeitsverhältnis. Eine größere Aufgabe wird in der Regel in kleinere Teilaufgaben oder "Mikroaufgaben" unterteilt, die unabhängig und homogen sind und dazu beitragen, einen bestimmten Output zu erzielen. Diese Aufgaben werden getrennt voneinander ausgeführt, was zu einer weitgehenden, sogar globalen Aufgabenteilung führt.

Neu und kommend

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Informationen zu neuen und bevorstehenden Publikationen, Veranstaltungen und anderen Aktivitäten.

Dossier

30 May 2025

Platform work: Algorithmic management

Cesira Urzi Brancati

This article explores how algorithmic management operates, distinguishing between rule-based and AI-driven approaches, and examines how it automates key managerial functions such as planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. It also considers the implications for workers’ employment status, drawing on recent court rulings, and assesses its impact on working conditions, highlighting both potential benefits such as efficiency gains and risks including reduced autonomy, unfair treatment and privacy infringements.

Dossier

4 April 2025

Platform work: Gamification

Cesira Urzi Brancati

Gamification on digital labour platforms can be problematic or empowering according to how it is implemented. When focused on external rewards and behavioural biases, it pushes workers to extend working hours for virtual incentives, leading to burnout and eventual disengagement. However, when those virtual incentives are designed to encourage skill development and autonomy, gamification can enhance workers’ sense of purpose.

Forschungspapier von Eurofound

Demnächst verfügbar

February 2026

AI technologies for work management: Implications for work organisation, working conditions, and social dialogue

Sara Risoand 2 other authors

As the digital revolution unfolds, the rapid advancement of AI and algorithmic management technologies is poised to profoundly transform the world of work and employment. Building on Eurofound's established conceptual framework, which identifies automation, digitisation and platforms as key drivers of change, this research paper explores AI and algorithmic management as transformative forces shaping the future of work. Drawing on two extensive literature reviews, this research examines the far-reaching implications of AI and algorithmic management on work and employment.

Über Plattformarbeit

Erfahren Sie mehr über dieses Thema und seine Relevanz für die EU-Politik.

Auswahl für das Thema Plattformarbeit

Dies ist eine Auswahl der wichtigsten Ergebnisse für dieses Thema.

15 May 2023

Kurzdossier

Gender differences in motivation to engage in platform work

The rise of the platform economy during the last decade is one of the main disrupting forces for European labour markets. While standard employment remains the norm, platforms are expanding their reach and diversifying into novel business models. In doing so, they are also attracting an increasing number of women. This policy brief investigates why women are joining the platform economy and how the motivations to perform work on platforms differ between genders. It shows that while women join platforms to gain an additional income and because it allows them the flexibility to combine work with household chores or family commitments, men are driven by the opportunities provided by platforms to work globally and to expand their client base. At the same time, findings suggest that online platforms seem to provide women with a link to the labour market that can potentially prevent their withdrawal from the labour force during different life stages. These findings suggest that policy action should focus on extending working hours regulations and work–life balance measures to all platform workers, irrespective of employment status, and promote equal sharing of care responsibilities between women and men.

27 September 2022

Blogbeitrag

Regulating platform work in Europe: A work in progress

The platform economy is one of those moving targets, which, despite receiving increasing media and policy attention, has proven difficult to regulate. Given the heterogeneity of employment relationships, business models, types of platform work and cross-border issues, this is not surprising. Yet, in recent years, an increasing number of initiatives and court rulings across EU Member States have sought to address the employment rights and working conditions of platform workers.

15 December 2021

Flaggschiff-Bericht

The digital age: Implications of automation, digitisation and platforms for work and employment

Technological change is accelerating as the capacity of electronic devices to digitally store, process and communicate information expands. Digitalisation is transforming the EU economy and labour markets: nearly one-third of EU workplaces are categorised as highly digitalised. What are the implications of the digital revolution for employment and work? And how might it affect social dialogue?

Eurofound has produced a body of work to explore these questions. The work is structured around three vectors of change in digitalisation – automation, digitisation and platforms – that are affecting employment and working conditions and social dialogue. The main results of this research have been compiled in the online resource The digital age: Automation, digitisation and platforms. This report draws from that resource to provide a digest of the findings and policy pointers.

2 December 2021

Kurzdossier

Initiatives to improve conditions for platform workers: Aims, methods, strengths and weaknesses

The rapid rise of the platform economy has led to a marked transformation of European labour markets, and existing regulatory frameworks and voluntary initiatives have yet to catch up. While platform work offers opportunities for workers and employers and potentially contributes to innovation, economic growth and competitiveness in the EU, it has been criticised from the beginning because of the poor employment and working conditions often experienced by workers. Accordingly, across the EU, governments, social partners, grassroots organisations and platforms have started to introduce initiatives to tackle the negative aspects of platform work. This policy brief assesses some such initiatives in the Member States and offers recommendations for further action.

24 February 2021

Blogbeitrag

Charting a positive path for platform workers

While 2020 may come to be seen as the year platform work gathered pace and started to go mainstream – thanks in large part to COVID-19 containment measures sparking an increase in food and grocery delivery – 2021 could be the year that regulation of platform work is set in motion. The well-known taxi and delivery platforms, like Deliveroo and Free Now, have been criticised from their inception for applying conditions of employment that simultaneously deny their workers the entitlements of an employee and the autonomy enjoyed by the self-employed. But platform work need not be the job of last resort. It is fundamentally a new means of matching supply and demand for paid labour, and it could be an engine for innovation and employment growth. It’s time for policymakers to steer it along a path that better balances the interests of platforms and workers.

15 December 2020

Forschungsbericht

New forms of employment: 2020 update

Although standard employment (generally full-time and permanent) remains the dominant employment type across the EU, European labour markets are increasingly characterised by a variety of different forms. These new forms of employment involve new formal employment relationships or work patterns (linked to aspects such as place of work, working time or use of ICT) and sometimes both. This report puts the spotlight on nine innovative employment forms across the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the UK. It examines the policy frameworks of each country, as well as mapping the scale and scope of the incidence of these new forms and highlighting the main opportunities and risks associated with each form. The report concludes with some policy recommendations taking into account the future of work that will be shaped by the twin transition to the digital age and a carbon-neutral economy, as well as a new way of working due to COVID-19.

Experten für Plattformarbeit

Forscher bei Eurofound bieten Experteneinblicke und können für Fragen oder Medienanfragen kontaktiert werden.

Cesira Urzi Brancati

Research officer

Employment research

Cesira Urzi Brancati ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin im Referat Beschäftigung bei Eurofound. Zu ihren Forschungsinteressen gehören die Auswirkungen von Technologie auf die Beschäftigung und die Digitalisierung von Arbeit, mit einem Schwerpunkt auf digitalen Arbeitsplattformen, digitaler Überwachung und algorithmischem Management. Sie ist spezialisiert auf Mikroökonometrie, Fragebogendesign und Analyse von Umfragedaten. Bevor sie 2024 zu Eurofound kam, arbeitete Cesira bei der Gemeinsamen Forschungsstelle der Europäischen Kommission in Sevilla, am Internationalen Zentrum für Langlebigkeit in London, an der Universität Modena und Reggio Emilia und an der Universität Turin. Sie hat einen Master-Abschluss und einen Doktortitel in Internationaler Wirtschaft von der Universität Tor Vergata in Rom.

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Dragoș Adăscăliței

Research officer

Employment research

Dragoș Adăscăliței ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin im Referat Beschäftigung bei Eurofound. Seine aktuelle Forschung konzentriert sich auf Themen rund um die Zukunft der Arbeit, darunter die Auswirkungen künstlicher Intelligenz auf Arbeitsplätze, die Folgen der Automatisierung für die Beschäftigung und regulatorische Fragen rund um die Plattformökonomie. Er beteiligt sich auch regelmäßig an vergleichenden Projekten zur Beobachtung des Strukturwandels auf den europäischen Arbeitsmärkten. Bevor er zu Eurofound kam, war er Dozent für Arbeitsbeziehungen an der University of Sheffield, Management School. Er hat einen MA in Politikwissenschaft von der Central European University und einen Doktortitel in Soziologie von der Universität Mannheim.

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