Skoči na glavni sadržaj
topic_publicservices.jpg

Javne usluge

Javne usluge poput zdravstvene zaštite, obrazovanja, socijalne skrbi i prijevoza neophodne su za postizanje visokih razina socijalne zaštite, društvene kohezije i društvene uključenosti. No kvaliteta usluga i pristup uslugama ono je što određuje njihov uspjeh diljem promjenjivog socijalnog i demografskog okruženja.

Donositelji politika imaju izazov osmisliti i pružiti zdravstvene i socijalne usluge koje zadovoljavaju različite potrebe stanovništva. Taj je izazov povezan s velikim financijskim preprekama posljednjih godina i s povećanom potražnjom, što je djelomično uvjetovano starenjem stanovništva, a djelomično i priljevom izbjeglica u Europu. Uz pristupačnost i kvalitetu pojavljuju se i dodatni problemi. Oni uključuju rizik da novi digitalni kanali za pružanje usluga mogu dodatno izolirati zajednice koje su već ugrožene te potencijalne poteškoće za osiguranje standarda za pristup uslugama i kvalitetu usluga.

Paketom mjera za socijalno ulaganje Europske komisije koji je pokrenut 2013. države članice se potiču na veću usmjerenost na visokokvalitetne javne usluge. Nadalje, u Komisijinoj strategiji jedinstvenog digitalnog tržišta za Europu, koja je usvojena 2015., naglašava se modernizacija javnih usluga kako bi se povećala konkurentnost. Prihvaćanje novih tehnologija, internetski pristup javnim uslugama i prekogranična interoperabilnost ključni su za povećanje isplativosti i kvalitete usluga. U travnju 2017. Komisija je pokrenula paket Europskog stupa socijalnih prava, čija glavna načela uključuju pristup kvalitetnom obrazovanju, obrazovanju i skrbi u ranom djetinjstvu, zdravstvenoj zaštiti, socijalnom stanovanju i ostalim neophodnim uslugama.

Topic

Recent updates

Happy dad, excited kid play in cardboard boxes in new house © Davids C/peopleimages.com/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support effective access to adequate housing for children at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

Web page
Child with parent visiting doctor © pressmaster/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support effective and free access to quality healthcare for children at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

Web page

EU context

Rad Eurofounda

Eurofound istražuje potrebe građana općenito, s posebnim naglaskom na mlade, starije, osobe s fizičkim ili psihičkim problemima te osobe s migrantskim podrijetlom. Organizacija prati i analizira promjene u javnim uslugama koje proizlaze iz proračunskih ograničenja, promjena u politikama te napredaka u tehnologiji i digitalizaciji. Putem detaljnih studija slučaja, Eurofoundovim istraživanjem javnih usluga ispituju se i perspektive pružatelja usluga i njihov odgovor na promjene potreba korisnika.

Ključni doprinosi

Analizom iz Eurofoundovog Europskog istraživanja o kvaliteti života (EQLS) ispituje se utjecaj krize na europsko društvo i načine na koji Europljani percipiraju kvalitetu svojih društava i javnih usluga. Detaljna istraživanja obrađuju niz ključnih tema, između ostalog utjecaj ekonomske krize i socijalnih reformi na životne standarde i kvalitetu društva.

S pomoću podataka EQLS-a istraživanjem su posebice ispitane društvene nejednakosti u četirima ključnim područjima života: u zdravlju, životnom standardu, produktivnim i vrednovanim aktivnostima, obiteljskom i društvenom životu. Obitelji su isto bile u središtu analize te je promatrana  promjenjiva kvaliteta života diljem Europe za različite vrste obitelji s djecom i uspoređivani su njihovi životni standardi i socijalna situacija. 

Ostala su područja interesa socijalni i ekonomski troškovi i posljedice loše kvalitete stanovanja, kao i porast privatnog pružanja bolničkih usluga diljem Europe. Predmet rasprave bio je i utjecaj sve većeg priljeva mobilnih građana na javne usluge država članica EU-a.

Mjere za potporu socijalne uključenosti mladih i iskustvo provedbe Jamstva za mlade važne su teme za Eurofound. Uz to, pristup obrazovanju u ranom djetinjstvu i uslugama skrbi te kvaliteta takvih usluga postaju sve važniji u raspravama o politici EU-a te su isto bili u središtu Eurofoundovih istraživanja.

S pomoću podataka četvrtog EQLS-a provedenog 2016. Eurofoundovim će se istraživanjem ispitati u kojoj mjeri javne službe ispunjavaju potrebe društvenih skupina u pomaganju donositeljima politika da pruže dostatne i prikladne socijalne usluge. Eurofound će se baviti utjecajem digitalizacije izvan društvenih i zemljopisnih granica te će istraživati načine na koji nove tehnologije mogu podržati oblikovanje i pružanje zdravstvenih i socijalnih usluga.

Social inclusion: Protecting young people and children

Measures to support the social inclusion of young people and experience of the implementation of the reinforced Youth Guarantee have been important topics for Eurofound. In addition, access to early childhood education and care services and the quality of such services have been gaining greater prominence in the EU policy debate around the European Child Guarantee and have also been the focus of Eurofound research.

Focus on various public services

Other areas of interest for Eurofound include housing unaffordability and inadequacy, as well as household over-indebtedness and debt advisory services. Research has also explored access to energy, public transport and digital communications for people on low incomes. 

Future research will focus on mental health services and services facilitating independent living. Furthermore, the impact of the inflow of mobile citizens on the public services of EU Member States will be an important consideration.

Key outputs

Front cover for Eurofound's publication entitled 'Social services in Europe: Adapting to a new reality'

U ovom se izvješću razmatra utjecaj krize uzrokovane bolešću COVID-19 na socijalne usluge u EU-u. Iako je pandemija negativno utjecala na socijalne usluge, pružila je i saznanja o tome kako...

16 kolovoza 2023
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Examining services for labour market integration of people with disabilities based on data from the EQLS 2016 to support policymaking in designing relevant and efficient services
    • Mapping developments in advisory for household debt in EU countries as well as identifying barriers to access these services to combat poverty and assessing take-up
    • Analysing differences and inequalities in access to social services of general interest in the EU and assessing the nature and extent of convergence/divergence

     

    Eurofound expert(s)

    hans-dubois-2023.png

    Hans Dubois is a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. His research topics include housing, over-indebtedness, healthcare, long-term care, social...

    Senior research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    daniel-molinuevo-2023.png

    Daniel Molinuevo is a research manager in the Social Policies unit, having joined Eurofound in 2010. His research on health and social care has focused on the quality and...

    Research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    Publications results (103)

    The urban-rural divide in EU countries has grown in recent years, and the depopulation of certain rural areas in favour of cities is a challenge when it comes to promoting economic development and maintaining social cohesion and convergence.

    18 October 2023

    The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in children’s access to early childhood education and care, education, healthcare, nutrition and housing.

    21 September 2023

    U ovom se izvješću razmatra utjecaj krize uzrokovane bolešću COVID-19 na socijalne usluge u EU-u. Iako je pandemija negativno utjecala na socijalne usluge, pružila je i saznanja o tome kako te usluge prilagoditi novim situacijama i socijalnim rizicima. Pokazalo se, primjerice, da bi trebalo razviti

    16 August 2023

    In collecting information on essential services, the European Commission requested Eurofound to provide input on certain aspects of existing and planned measures in the Member States to improve access to essential services in reference to Principle 20 of the European Pillar of Social Rights. For

    07 September 2022

    A new European Disability Strategy was launched in 2021 with the aim of intensifying progress on ensuring the full participation of people with disabilities in society. The increase of EU policy focus on people with disabilities is timely: the COVID-19 pandemic magnified the challenges they faced in

    21 March 2022

    Ovo se izvješće bavi utjecajem krize uzrokovane pandemijom bolesti COVID-19 na kvalitetu života starijih građana, uključujući utjecaj na njihovu dobrobit, financije, zaposlenost i socijalnu uključenost. U njemu se istražuju učinci na korištenje usluga skrbi i oslanjanje starijih osoba na druge

    28 January 2022

    The impact of COVID-19 has moved public health up the EU social policy agenda. As the EU directs its efforts towards establishing a European Health Union to guard against future health crises, this policy brief examines the extent to which the EU achieved upward convergence in terms of health and

    30 September 2021

    U izvješću se ispituje razvoj politika u državama članicama EU-a usmjerenih na podršku uključivanju osoba s invaliditetom na otvoreno tržište rada, s posebnim naglaskom na tri faze: zapošljavanje, zadržavanje radnog mjesta i povratak na posao nakon izostanka. Istražuju se mehanizmi i djelotvornost

    19 April 2021

    The COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on the accessibility of health, education and care services for all Europeans. This is also the case for children, who in several countries have seen their schools closed and replaced with remote learning. They have been affected, too, by the pandemic

    28 January 2021

    The long-term care (LTC) sector employs a growing share of workers in the EU and is experiencing increasing staff shortages. The LTC workforce is mainly female and a relatively large and increasing proportion is aged 50 years or older. Migrants are often concentrated in certain LTC jobs. This report

    14 December 2020

    Online resources results (53)

    Finland: Major reform to healthcare and social services underway

    The Finnish government is preparing a major reform to health, social services and regional government which will make regional governments a new level of public administration. Healthcare and social services and public employment services will be transferred from local governments to regional

    Sweden: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    Continued conflict at the Port of Gothenburg and an increase in sick leave due to mental ill-health in the workplace are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Sweden in the second quarter of 2017.

    Latvia: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    Restrictions on extended working hours and tax reforms in the healthcare sector, strike action by family doctors, and social partner discussions on the national minimum wage are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

    Austria: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

    A new minimum wage of €1,500, the breakdown of negotiations on working time flexibility, a record low of occupational accidents and difficult working conditions in the health sector are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

    Spain: Agreement to reduce temporary employment in public administration

    Approximately 250,000 temporary employment positions in Spain’s public administration will become permanent in the next three years, after an agreement on the issue was reached by the Spanish Ministry of Finance and Public Function and the major Spanish unions representing public employees. The

    Estonia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

    Sectoral collective bargaining in the healthcare sector, changes to the dispute resolution mechanism and equal treatment for men and women in the workplace are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Estonia in the first

    Sweden: Government scraps contested labour market reforms

    Sweden’s coalition government has reversed changes to the welfare system made by the previous centre-right government. It has removed a cut-off point of 2.5 years for claiming sickness benefit and scrapped a scheme for mandatory workplace activities for the unemployed. The decision to reverse rather

    France: Agreement signed to protect compulsory supplementary pension schemes

    In France, two compulsory supplementary pension schemes managed by the social partners are facing financial difficulties. The social partners have signed an agreement to protect the schemes. The agreement introduces a bonus–penalty system to encourage employees to retire later.


    Blogs results (7)

    Child poverty and exclusion in the EU is on the rise. To address this worrying trend, EU policy needs to focus on access to services, which requires improving data collection, targeting inequalities and involving the workforce that delivers services in policymaking.

    24 listopada 2023
    ef22057.png

    The European Pillar of Social Rights states that ‘everyone has the right to affordable long-term care services of good quality, in particular home-care and community-based services’. Taking a step to make this principle a reality, the European Commission is currently preparing a European Care

    5 svibnja 2022
    ef21014.png

    Healthcare providers have been overwhelmed by the demand for COVID-19-related care. Medical appointments and treatments for other conditions have often been delayed, potentially leading to escalating health problems and greater future care needs among those who have missed out. If the pandemic leads

    18 siječnja 2021
    ef20083.png

    An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

    2 prosinca 2020
    image_1_blog_rural_europe_08052019.png

    Depopulation of rural areas and the concentration of employment and education opportunities in urban centres is a fact of modern life. What impact does this have on the quality of life of rural residents? Do they feel increasingly isolated, and what are the emerging trends? New research by Eurofound

    8 svibnja 2019
    xxagtjlggn2aiuishuuh.png

    Austerity measures introduced during the crisis have disproportionately concerned cuts in the measures that are most vital for reducing child poverty: cash and tax benefits, a new Eurofound report shows. Furthermore, there has been a move away from universal coverage towards more targeted support

    3 veljače 2016
    Upcoming publications results (1)

    Social protection can include a range of entitlements to monetary and in-kind benefits. Eurofound’s project focuses on unemployment and minimum income benefits. Social protection can provide a safety net for people who are negatively impacted by the green and digital transitions. During the COVID-19

    September 2024
    Data results (2)
    7 studenog 2023
    Reference period:
    24 listopada 2023
    Reference period:

    Disclaimer

    When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.