Direkt zum Inhalt
topic_publicservices.jpg

Öffentliche Dienstleistungen

Öffentliche Dienstleistungen wie das Gesundheitswesen, Bildungswesen, Sozialfürsorge und Verkehr sind wesentlich, um ein hohes Maß an sozialem Schutz, sozialem Zusammenhalt und sozialer Eingliederung zu erreichen. Die Qualität und der Zugang zu diesen Dienstleistungen sind jedoch für ihren Einfluss auf sich demografisch und sozial im Wandel befindliche Gesellschaften entscheidend.

Die Herausforderung für politische Entscheidungsträger besteht darin, die Konzipierung und Erbringung von Gesundheits- und sozialen Diensten sicherzustellen, die den unterschiedlichsten Anforderungen der Bürger gerecht werden. Diese Herausforderung hat sich durch die erheblichen Finanzprobleme in den letzten Jahren und eine steigende Nachfrage, die teilweise auf die demografischen Alterung und in gewissem Umfang auf den Flüchtlingszustrom nach Europa zurückzuführen ist, verschärft. Zusätzlich zur Erschwinglichkeit und Qualität der Dienste sind zudem neuere Probleme entstanden. Dazu zählt das Risiko, dass bereits benachteiligte Gemeinschaften durch neue digitale Kanäle für die Erbringung von Dienstleistungen isoliert werden könnten und potenzielle Schwierigkeiten bei der Sicherstellung von Standards für den Zugang und die Qualität der Dienstleistungen entstehen können.

In dem im Jahr 2013 auf den Weg gebrachten Sozialinvestitionspaket der Europäischen Kommission werden die Mitgliedstaaten nachdrücklich aufgefordert, ein größeres Gewicht auf hochwertige öffentliche Dienstleistungen zu legen. Des Weiteren wird in der 2015 angenommenen Strategie für den Binnenmarkt der Europäischen Kommission ein Schwerpunkt auf die Modernisierung der öffentlichen Dienstleistungen als Möglichkeit zur Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit gelegt. Die Einführung neuer Technologien, öffentliche Online-Dienste und grenzübergreifende Interoperabilität sind wesentlich, um die Kostenwirksamkeit und die Qualität der Dienstleistungen zu verbessern. Im April 2017 führte die Kommission die europäische Säule sozialer Rechte ein, zu deren wesentlichen Grundsätzen der Zugang zu hochwertiger Bildung, frühkindlicher Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung, Gesundheitsversorgung, sozialem Wohnraum und anderen wesentlichen Dienstleistungen zählen.

Topic

Recent updates

eurofound-talks-21-child-guarantee.png

In this episode of Eurofound Talks Mary McCaughey speaks with Eurofound Research Manager Daniel Molinuevo about the European Child Guarantee, how bad the situation is with regard to child poverty...

Podcast
Group of children eating healthy food in day care centre © Oksana Kuzmina/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support access to healthy nutrition and at least one healthy meal each school day.

Web page
Happy dad, excited kid play in cardboard boxes in new house © Davids C/peopleimages.com/Adobe Stock

The European Child Guarantee outlines recommendations for Member States to support effective access to adequate housing for children at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

Web page

EU context

Tätigkeiten von Eurofound

Eurofound führt Studien zu den Bedürfnissen von Bürgern im Allgemeinen durch, wobei ein besonderer Schwerpunkt auf jungen Menschen, älteren Menschen, Menschen mit physischen oder psychischen Gesundheitsproblemen und Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund liegt. Dabei werden auf Haushaltsengpässe zurückgehende Änderungen bei den öffentlichen Dienstleistungen, Änderungen der politischen Strategien und Fortschritte bei Technologien und Digitalisierung beobachtet und analysiert. Im Wege vertiefter Fallstudien befassen sich die Forschungsarbeiten von Eurofound auch mit der Perspektive der Dienstleistungserbringer und ihrer Antwort auf sich verändernde Nutzeranforderungen.

Wichtige Beiträge

Im Zuge von Analysen der Europäischen Erhebung zur Lebensqualität (EQLS) von Eurofound werden die Auswirkungen der Krise auf die europäische Gesellschaft analysiert und untersucht, wie die Europäer die Qualität ihrer Gesellschaften und die ihrer öffentlichen Dienstleistungen beurteilen. In vertieften Studien wird einer Reihe von zentralen Themen Rechnung getragen, einschließlich der Auswirkungen der Wirtschaftskrise und der Sozialreformen auf den Lebensstandard sowie die Qualität der Gesellschaft.

Insbesondere unter Zugrundelegung von Daten der Europäischen Erhebung zur Lebensqualität (EQLS) wurde im Rahmen der Forschungsarbeiten die soziale Ungleichheit in vier kritischen Lebensbereichen untersucht: Gesundheit, Lebensstandard, produktive Tätigkeiten und Aktivitäten mit hoher Wertschätzung sowie individuelles, Familien- und gesellschaftliches Leben. Familien standen auch im Mittelpunkt von Analysen, die  Veränderungen der Lebensqualität in der EU für die verschiedenen Familienformen mit Kindern sowie einen Vergleich ihres Lebensstandards und ihrer sozialen Lage zum Gegenstand hatten. 

Weitere Schwerpunktbereiche sind die sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Kosten und die Folgen schlechter Wohnverhältnisse sowie die Zunahme des privaten Angebots an Krankenhausleistungen in ganz Europa. Des Weiteren sind die Folgen des steigenden Zustroms von mobilen Bürgern auf die öffentlichen Dienstleistungen der EU-Mitgliedstaaten Gegenstand von Diskussionen.

Maßnahmen zur Förderung der sozialen Eingliederung von jungen Menschen und Erfahrungen bei der Umsetzung des Jugendgarantie sind wichtige Themen für Eurofound. Darüber hinaus gewinnen der Zugang zu frühkindlicher Bildung, Betreuung und Erziehung und die Qualität dieser Dienstleistungen in der politischen Debatte in der EU zunehmend an Bedeutung und sind auch Gegenstand von Forschungsarbeiten von Eurofound.

Unter Zugrundelegung von Daten der im Jahr 2016 durchgeführten vierten Europäischen Erhebung zur Lebensqualität (EQLS) wird sich die Forschung von Eurofound damit befassen, wie stark öffentliche Dienstleistungen den Anforderungen von gesellschaftlichen Gruppen entsprechen, um politische Entscheidungsträger bei der Bereitstellung angemessener und geeigneter sozialer Dienste zu unterstützen. Eurofound wird sich mit den Folgen der Digitalisierung über gesellschaftliche und geografische Grenzen hinweg befassen und dabei berücksichtigen, wie die Gestaltung und Erbringung von Gesundheits- und sozialen Dienstleistungen durch neue Technologien unterstützt werden können.

Social inclusion: Protecting young people and children

Measures to support the social inclusion of young people and experience of the implementation of the reinforced Youth Guarantee have been important topics for Eurofound. In addition, access to early childhood education and care services and the quality of such services have been gaining greater prominence in the EU policy debate around the European Child Guarantee and have also been the focus of Eurofound research.

Focus on various public services

Other areas of interest for Eurofound include housing unaffordability and inadequacy, as well as household over-indebtedness and debt advisory services. Research has also explored access to energy, public transport and digital communications for people on low incomes. 

Future research will focus on mental health services and services facilitating independent living. Furthermore, the impact of the inflow of mobile citizens on the public services of EU Member States will be an important consideration.

Key outputs

ef23023-card-cover.png

The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in...

21 September 2023
Publication
Policy brief
Front cover for Eurofound's publication entitled 'Social services in Europe: Adapting to a new reality'

Der vorliegende Bericht befasst sich mit den Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Krise auf die Sozialdienste in der EU. Die Pandemie wirkte sich zwar negativ auf die Sozialdienste aus, lieferte jedoch Erkenntnisse darüber...

16 August 2023
Publication
Research report

Current and ongoing research

 

Other ongoing work

    • Examining services for labour market integration of people with disabilities based on data from the EQLS 2016 to support policymaking in designing relevant and efficient services
    • Mapping developments in advisory for household debt in EU countries as well as identifying barriers to access these services to combat poverty and assessing take-up
    • Analysing differences and inequalities in access to social services of general interest in the EU and assessing the nature and extent of convergence/divergence

     

    Eurofound expert(s)

    hans-dubois-2023.png

    Hans Dubois is a senior research manager in the Social Policies unit at Eurofound. His research topics include housing, over-indebtedness, healthcare, long-term care, social...

    Senior research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    daniel-molinuevo-2023.png

    Daniel Molinuevo is a research manager in the Social Policies unit, having joined Eurofound in 2010. His research on health and social care has focused on the quality and...

    Research manager,
    Social policies research unit
    Publications results (103)

    This country study gives an overview of labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities and chronic health problems in Spain. The main topics discussed are the context in which labour market measures in community care are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities in France. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to recruit new

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities in Austria. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to recruit new

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policies in community-based care for adults with disabilities and chronic health problems in Portugal. The main topics discussed are the context in which community-based care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities in Germany. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to recruit new

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for disabled adults in Bulgaria. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to recruit new employees

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities and chronic health problems in the United Kingdom (UK). The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding

    10 September 2013

    As Europe’s population ages, the number of adults needing long-term care is increasing. There are, however, persistent labour shortages in the health and social care sector; well-qualified staff are particularly lacking. At a time when unemployment across much of Europe is high, this study considers

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities in the Netherlands. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to

    10 September 2013

    This country report gives an overview of the labour market policy in community-based care for adults with disabilities in Denmark. The main topics discussed are the context in which community care labour market instruments are implemented, the funding structure, the strategies used to recruit new

    10 September 2013

    Online resources results (54)

    Budget priority should be social welfare and not tax cuts, says ESRI

    The issue of "fairness" in recent Budgets has become the subject of much debate amongst the social partners and various commentators. Tax reductions in these Budgets have tended to favour middle- and high-income earners, much to the annoyance of trade unions, particularly those representing low

    National Wage Board rules on pay disputes in state and municipal sectors

    The 1998 spring pay settlement in the public sector (NO9806170F [1]) led to a series of strikes among public sector employees (NO9806173F [2]). Several of these strikes were referred to compulsory arbitration - ie the industrial action ceased and it was left to the National Wage Board

    Pensioners' trade unions negotiate social policies with municipalities

    During the 1990s, trade unions representing Italian pensioners have been trying to extend protection for older people by conducting local-level negotiations with the municipalities. The main issues discussed are income-support measures and welfare services.

    New collective agreements signed in public services

    In recent years, German public services have seen a sharp decline in employment. Caused by a persistently high public budget deficit and exacerbated by the introduction of "new public management" or "lean state" concepts, the number of public service jobs was reduced by about half a million between

    The trade unionist of the 1990s?

    The face of UK trade unionism is changing, according to evidence published by the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in Trade unionists today [1] (August 1997), based on analysis of the autumn 1996 Labour Force Survey. In the past, according to the TUC, the typical UK trade unionist was once generally

    Welfare reform results from negotiations between government and trade unions

    The finance law for 1998 approved by the Italian Government in November 1997 contains a number of proposals for welfare reform in the areas of social security and pensions. As regards pensions, the Government has signed an agreement with the Cgil, Cisl and Uil trade union confederations which makes

    Substantial wage increases and a new bargaining situation for the medical profession

    As a result of the 1996 wage settlement, medical physicians employed at Norwegian hospitals gained substantial wage increases. These increases can in part be explained by an increase in basic wages, and in part by prolonging weekly working hours through permitting more overtime and at the same time

    Hospital administration and working conditions reform proposed

    A public debate has begun in Portugal about the privatisation of public hospitals. Medical, paramedical and nursing unions have reacted largely negatively to proposed changes in the regulation of industrial relations, employment contracts and working conditions, and strikes were due in August

    Continuity and change in pay and working time

    One of the most significant transformations of British industrial relations in recent years has been the shift from national to enterprise-level bargaining. Multi-employer bargaining arrangements have tended to be replaced with multi-establishment, single employer bargaining, although there are also

    Strikes in the hospital sector

    The law on social welfare, adopted in November 1995, included provisions on a range of matters, such as: the submission of the social security budget to parliamentary vote; the setting up of a new tax known as "social security deficit clearance" (Remboursement de la dette sociale); the abolition of


    Blogs results (7)

    Child poverty and exclusion in the EU is on the rise. To address this worrying trend, EU policy needs to focus on access to services, which requires improving data collection, targeting inequalities and involving the workforce that delivers services in policymaking.

    24 Oktober 2023
    ef22057.png

    The European Pillar of Social Rights states that ‘everyone has the right to affordable long-term care services of good quality, in particular home-care and community-based services’. Taking a step to make this principle a reality, the European Commission is currently preparing a European Care

    5 Mai 2022
    ef21014.png

    Healthcare providers have been overwhelmed by the demand for COVID-19-related care. Medical appointments and treatments for other conditions have often been delayed, potentially leading to escalating health problems and greater future care needs among those who have missed out. If the pandemic leads

    18 Januar 2021
    ef20083.png

    An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

    2 Dezember 2020
    image_1_blog_rural_europe_08052019.png

    Depopulation of rural areas and the concentration of employment and education opportunities in urban centres is a fact of modern life. What impact does this have on the quality of life of rural residents? Do they feel increasingly isolated, and what are the emerging trends? New research by Eurofound

    8 Mai 2019
    xxagtjlggn2aiuishuuh.png

    Austerity measures introduced during the crisis have disproportionately concerned cuts in the measures that are most vital for reducing child poverty: cash and tax benefits, a new Eurofound report shows. Furthermore, there has been a move away from universal coverage towards more targeted support

    3 Februar 2016
    Upcoming publications results (1)

    Social protection can include a range of entitlements to monetary and in-kind benefits. Eurofound’s project focuses on unemployment and minimum income benefits. Social protection can provide a safety net for people who are negatively impacted by the green and digital transitions. During the COVID-19

    September 2024
    Data results (2)
    7 November 2023
    Reference period:
    24 Oktober 2023
    Reference period:

    Disclaimer

    When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.