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Socialinis dialogas

Socialinį dialogą galima apibrėžti kaip darbdavių ir darbuotojų derybas, konsultacijas, bendrus veiksmus, diskusijas ir dalijimąsi informaciją. Sklandus socialinis dialogas yra svarbus būdas formuoti darbo sąlygas, į šį procesą įvairiais lygmenimis įtraukiant įvairius subjektus. Toks dialogas padeda derinti darbuotojų ir darbdavių interesus, taip pat užtikrinti tiek ekonominį konkurencingumą, tiek socialinę sanglaudą.

Sprendžiant iš pastarųjų ES lygmens politikos diskusijų (ypač po 2008 m. krizės), nauji svarstymai apie socialinį teisingumą, demokratiją, darbo kokybę ir naujus darbo santykių modelius paskatino abejones dėl tradicinių darbo santykių ir socialinio dialogo sistemų.

Praėjus trisdešimčiai metų po to, kai Val Duchesse pilyje Briuselyje buvo istoriškai pradėtas Europos socialinis dialogas, Komisija atnaujino procesą ir paskelbė apie socialinio dialogo atnaujinimą 2015 m. kovo 5 d. surengtame aukšto lygmens renginyje, kuriame dalyvavo visos Europos socialinių partnerių organizacijų atstovai. Europos socialinis dialogas yra ES socialinės politikos priemonė, tiesiogiai padedanti formuoti ES darbo teisės aktus ir politiką.

Topic

Recent updates

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French presidency 2022: Eurofound's contribution

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
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Spanish presidency 2023: Eurofound's contribution

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

Eurofound veikla

Politikos formuotojams reikia patikimų duomenų norint suprasti darbo rinkoje vykstančius pokyčius ir reaguoti į kintančią darbo santykių Europoje dinamiką. Remdamasis savo 28 ES valstybėse narėse ir Norvegijoje veikiančių korespondentų tinklo duomenimis ir analize, Eurofound nagrinėja tendencijas bei modelius ir atkreipia dėmesį į sklandaus socialinio dialogo pavyzdžius Europos ir nacionaliniu lygmenimis.

Eurofound tyrimuose nagrinėjami tokie aspektai kaip darbuotojų dalyvavimas, kolektyvinės derybos, atstovavimas darbuotojams ir darbo santykiai visais lygmenimis. Juose analizuojama, kaip darbo santykiai yra pritaikomi atsižvelgiant į tarptautinių įmonių paplitimą. Be to, tyrimuose apžvelgiami procesai pasaulio mastu ir lyginamos darbo santykių sistemos bei jų taikymas už ES ribų, pvz., JAV ir Japonijos ekonomikoje.

Svarbiausias indėlis

Per 40 metų Eurofound visapusiškai ištyrė daugelį besikeičiančių socialinio dialogo Europoje veiksnių įmonių, nacionaliniu, Europos ir tarptautiniu lygmenimis.

Pastaraisiais metais Eurofound išsamiai nagrinėja įvairius svarbiausius socialinio dialogo aspektus, kaip antai: 

Eurofound reprezentatyvumo tyrimuose, kurie surengti įvairiuose sektoriuose, vadovaujantis 2006 m. Komisijos įpareigojimu, pateikiama svarbiausia informacija, kurios reikia norint steigti Europos sektorių socialinio dialogo komitetus ir užtikrinti jų veikimą.

Ištekliai

Europos darbo santykių žodynas parengtas 2005 m. kaip internetinė paieškos priemonė politikos formuotojams ir praktikams, yra vertingas informacijos apie užimtumą ir darbo santykius Europos Sąjungoje šaltinis. Šalių profesinio gyvenimo profiliuose pateikiama aktuali susijusi informacija apie struktūras, institucijas ir nuostatas, kuriomis grindžiamas profesinis gyvenimas 28 ES valstybėse narėse bei Norvegijoje ir ES lygmeniu.

Kolektyvinių derybų dėl darbo užmokesčio duomenų bazės ir darbo užmokesčio, darbo laiko ir kolektyvinių darbo ginčų duomenų bazės paskirtis – suteikti tyrėjams ir politikos formuotojams kiekybinės ir kokybinės šių sričių informacijos, apimančios laikotarpį nuo 2000 m. iki dabar, iš visų valstybių narių bei Norvegijos.

Key outputs

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Kolektyviniai darbo ginčai ES

Pastaraisiais metais, išskyrus pavienius protrūkius, ES valstybėse narėse kolektyvinių veiksmų apskritai sumažėjo. Per COVID-19 pandemiją ši tendencija išliko, o reikšmingiausi darbo ginčai, nenuostabu, kilo žmonių sveikatos priežiūros ir socialinių paslaugų...

7 Vasaris 2022
Publication
Research report
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Working life in the COVID-19 pandemic 2020

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Kovas 2021
Publication
Other
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Darbo santykių tendencijos 2015–2019 m.

Atsižvelgdamas į savo įgaliojimus, susijusius su vadovų ir darbuotojų socialinio dialogo skatinimu, EUROFOUND ilgiau nei 40 metų stebėjo ir analizavo darbo santykių sistemų tendencijas ES lygmeniu ir ES valstybėse narėse...

11 Gruodis 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

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Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Ekonomikos gaivinimo ir atsparumo didinimo priemonės socialinis valdymas. Nacionalinių socialinių partnerių dalyvavimas

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024
Publication
Research report
Darbo santykiai ir socialinis dialogas
Socialinis dialogas
Social partners
Darbo santykiai
Structural change

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Furniture sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Woodworking sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the social partners in European cross-industry social dialogue

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Professional football sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Etiškas skaitmeninimas darbe. Nuo teorijos prie praktikos

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Pokyčių poveikio numatymas ir valdymas
Skaitmeninis amžius: darbo ir užimtumo galimybės ir iššūkiai
Working conditions
Socialinis dialogas
Agreements
Skills and training
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Didėjančios infliacijos klausimas sektorių kolektyvinėse derybose dėl darbo užmokesčio

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023
Publication
Research report
Darbo santykiai ir socialinis dialogas
Minimalusis darbo užmokestis
Collective bargaining
Agreements
Darbo užmokestis ir pajamos
Darbo santykiai
Socialinis dialogas
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Involvement of social partners in the implementation of national recovery and resilience plans

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023
Publication
Research report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Trends in national social dialogue in responding to external shocks or crises: Background paper

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023
Publication
Customised report
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
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Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Civil aviation sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Online resources results (435)

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

30 Gegužė 2017
Article
Pay and income
Social dialogue
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Occupational personal accounts take effect

Occupational personal accounts, one of the flagship measures of France’s labour market reforms, took effect on 1 January 2017. The aim is to enable people to acquire entitlements to training without fear of losing them if they change employer.

29 Gegužė 2017
Article
Labour market policies
Skills and training
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

EU level: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Issues related to the European Commission’s proposal on the European Pillar of Social Rights, as well as some developments in social dialogue at EU level, are the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the latest developments in working life at EU level in the first quarter

15 Gegužė 2017
Article
Ageing workforce
Inequality
Social policies
Social dialogue
Labour market participation
Work-life balance
Working conditions
Working time
Social protection
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The unions’ rejection of pension reform proposals, employers' demands for the withdrawal of a mini labour reform and the launch of the unions’ fair pay campaign are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovenia in the

10 Gegužė 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

2 Gegužė 2017
Article
Digitalisation
Minimum wage
Social dialogue
Anticipating and managing the impact of change
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Bulgaria: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Rising wages following an increase in the minimum statutory wage, a victory for the centre-right party GERB in the March elections and predictions of a rise in employment in tourism are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

26 Balandis 2017
Article
Minimum wage
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Controversial provisions in the Labour Code; four new members for Lithuania’s Tripartite Council; and initiatives by the main employer organisation, the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments

21 Balandis 2017
Article
Labour law
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

21 Balandis 2017
Article
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Pay and income
Industrial relations
Employment and labour markets
Non-standard employment
Working time
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France

19 Balandis 2017
Article
Employment and labour markets
Social dialogue
Digitalisation
Job quality
Work-life balance
Social protection
Fraudulent work
Teleworking
Anticipating and managing the impact of change
Industrial relations and social dialogue

Latvia: Social security implications of favourable tax rate for small businesses

The social partners reacted differently to the government's plans to increase the rate of the special tax for microenterprises, the unions concerned over the lower social protection afforded the workers and employers worried about losing competitiveness due to increased labour costs. In the end, the

23 Vasaris 2017
Article
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Social protection
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Blogs results (6)

Healthy social dialogue for a healthy healthcare sector

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Lapkritis 2023
Jorge Cabrita
Blog
Working conditions and sustainable work
Job quality
Health and well-being at work
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
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Minimum wages rise again, but the pandemic puts a brake on their growth

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Birželis 2021
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
Blog
Social dialogue
Pay and income
Working poor
Minimum wage
European Pillar of Social Rights
Labour market policies
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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New impetus to collective bargaining: Insights from the ECS

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers

28 Spalis 2020
Christine Aumayr-Pintar
Blog
Social dialogue
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations
Minimum wage
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Industrial democracy still in vogue

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to

28 Kovas 2018
Christian Welz
Blog
Industrial relations
Job quality
Social dialogue
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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Trust and dialogue are the secrets to business success in times of crisis

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at

3 Spalis 2016
Stavroula Demetriades
Blog
Industrial relations
Innovation
Small and medium-sized enterprises
Social dialogue
Working conditions
Working conditions and sustainable work
Industrial relations and social dialogue
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From Val Duchesse to Riga: how to relaunch social dialogue?

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue

20 Balandis 2015
Christian Welz
Blog
Social dialogue
Social partners
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Upcoming publications results (7)

National social dialogue addressing the twin transition

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Digitalisation
European Green Deal
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations
Social dialogue
Social partners

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Extractive industries sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Construction sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Chemical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Road transport sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Postal and courier activities sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Graphical sector

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

November 2024
Forthcoming
Publication
Research report
Representativeness
Social dialogue
Social partners
Collective bargaining
Industrial relations and social dialogue
Industrial relations

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