Pasar al contenido principal
topic_socialdialogue.jpg

Diálogo social

El diálogo social puede definirse como el conjunto de negociaciones, consultas, acciones conjuntas, debates y actividades de puesta en común de información en los que participan empleadores y trabajadores. Un diálogo social que funcione adecuadamente constituye una herramienta clave para conformar las condiciones laborales, y en este diálogo intervienen diversos agentes a diferentes escalas. Equilibra los intereses de trabajadores y empresarios y contribuye tanto a la competitividad económica, como a la cohesión social.

Los recientes debates políticos a escala de la UE han puesto de relieve que, en especial a partir de la crisis de 2008, la aparición de nuevos debates sobre la justicia social, la democracia, la calidad del trabajo y los modelos nuevos de relaciones laborales han constituido un desafío para los sistemas tradicionales de relaciones laborales y diálogo social.

Treinta años después de la histórica inauguración del diálogo social europeo en Val Duchesse en Bruselas, la Comisión relanzó el proceso con un «nuevo comienzo del diálogo social» en un evento de alto nivel celebrado el 5 de marzo de 2015 al que acudieron organizaciones de interlocutores sociales de toda Europa. El diálogo social europeo es un instrumento de la política social de la UE, y contribuye directamente a la conformación de la legislación y las políticas comunitarias en materia laboral.

Topic

Recent updates

fr-presidency-logo-sm.png

From January to June 2022, Eurofound supported the work of France's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page
es-presidency-logo.png

From July to December 2023, Eurofound supported the work of Spain's presidency of the Council of the EU, providing valuable research results on specific topics linked with the presidency priorities.

Web page

EU context

La labor de Eurofound

Los encargados de la formulación de políticas necesitan datos acreditativos contrastados para comprender los cambios que se producen en el mercado laboral, y responder a la dinámica de transformación de las relaciones laborales en Europa. Eurofound utiliza los datos y los análisis obtenidos de su Red de corresponsales en los 28 Estados miembros de la UE y Noruega para clasificar tendencias y patrones, y subrayar los ejemplos de diálogo social de adecuado funcionamiento en el ámbito europeo y nacional.

La investigación de Eurofound aborda aspectos como la participación de los trabajadores, la negociación colectiva, la representación de los empleados y las relaciones laborales a todos los niveles. Examina asimismo la medida en que tales relaciones se han adaptado a la aparición y el auge de las organizaciones multinacionales. Adopta además una perspectiva global, y compara en este sentido los sistemas de relaciones laborales y sus resultados en economías al margen de la UE, como las de Estados Unidos y Japón.

Aportaciones fundamentales

Eurofound ha generado un amplio volumen de trabajo a lo largo de los 40 años que ha examinado las numerosas facetas del diálogo social en Europa y sus cambios, a diversas escalas: empresarial, nacional, europea e internacional.

En los últimos años, Eurofound ha llevado a cabo análisis pormenorizados de distintos asuntos fundamentales del diálogo social, como: 

Los estudios sobre representatividad de Eurofound, llevados a cabo en múltiples sectores, con arreglo a un mandato de la Comisión de 2006, proporcionan la información básica necesaria para la constitución y el funcionamiento de los comités sectoriales europeos de diálogo social.

Recursos

Desarrollado en 2005 como herramienta de consulta en línea para encargados de la formulación de políticas y profesionales, el Diccionario europeo de relaciones laborales constituye una valiosa fuente de información sobre empleo y relaciones laborales en la UE. Los perfiles nacionales en materia de relaciones laborales ofrecen información contextual relevante sobre las estructuras, instituciones y normativas que subyacen a la vida laboral en los Estados miembros de la UE28 y Noruega a escala de la Unión.

Con las bases de datos sobre negociación salarial colectiva y salarios, tiempo de trabajo y conflictos colectivos se pretende proporcionar a los investigadores y los encargados de formular políticas información cuantitativa y cualitativa sobre estas cuestiones en el conjunto de los Estados miembros y Noruega desde 2000 hasta la actualidad.

Key outputs

ef21026_card_cover.png

En los últimos años, salvo algunos picos de actividad intermitentes, se ha observado una disminución general de las protestas laborales en los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea. Durante la...

7 Febrero 2022
Publication
Research report
ef21070_card_cover.png

This publication consists of individual country reports on working life during 2020 for 29 countries – the 27 EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. The country reports summarise...

23 Marzo 2021
Publication
Other
ef20023_card_cover.png

Como parte de su mandato de promover el diálogo entre los interlocutores sociales, Eurofound ha realizado un seguimiento y un análisis de la evolución de los sistemas de relaciones laborales...

11 Diciembre 2020
Publication
Flagship report

Current and ongoing research

 

In the course of the programming period 2021–2024, Eurofound will continue regular monitoring of social dialogue, including through the EU PolicyWatch database.

Other topics addressed include:

  • Monitoring of the role of national social partners in the European semester and analysis of quality and effectiveness of their involvement 
  • Summary of discussions on capacity-building social dialogue to support a meaningful and effective social dialogue 
  • Research on industrial relations covering topics related to both social dialogue and working life developments, including updates on collectively agreed pay
  • Representativeness studies on a variety of sectors to provide the European Commission required information to assess the representativeness of European sectoral social partner organisations.

 

Eurofound expert(s)

ricardo-rodriguez-contreras-2023.png

Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras is a research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound and focuses on comparative industrial relations, social dialogue and collective bargaining...

Research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (251)

Three years after the adoption of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), this report reviews the quality of the social partners’ involvement in 2023 in the ongoing implementation of reforms and investments funded by that initiative. It also examines the quality of their involvement in the prepa

26 February 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the furniture sector.

08 December 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the woodworking sector.

21 November 2023

This study provides information to allow for an assessment of the representativeness of the national and supranational social partners at cross-industry level in the EU.

09 November 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the professional football sector.

26 October 2023

Automation and digitisation technologies, including artificial intelligence, are rapidly evolving and becoming increasingly powerful and pervasive. The full range of their effects in the workplace is yet to be seen. It is, however, important not only to explore the ethical implications of digital te

12 September 2023

After a long period of price stability, inflation has made a remarkable comeback in the EU. In the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis spurred by Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine and the disruption of the international supply chain, among other factors, have driven up the

06 September 2023

In 2022, the European Semester process was updated to take into account the launch of the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) in February 2021. Over the past year, Member States have implemented national recovery and resilience plans (RRPs) in a context of huge geopolitical and economic upheaval

29 March 2023

This paper provides an overview of the involvement of the social partners in policymaking and social dialogue in recent years, primarily at national peak level. It will focus on the evolution of social dialogue over the past decade and a half in terms of its response to external shocks, focusing on

20 March 2023

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the civil aviation sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

20 December 2022

Online resources results (435)

Spain: Milestone agreement in retail sector

An agreement between social partners in the Spanish retail sector will govern working and employment conditions for the next three years. About 260,000 employees are expected to benefit from this agreement, which is likely to set the standards for other sector agreements due to be negotiated during

France: Occupational personal accounts take effect

Occupational personal accounts, one of the flagship measures of France’s labour market reforms, took effect on 1 January 2017. The aim is to enable people to acquire entitlements to training without fear of losing them if they change employer.

EU level: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Issues related to the European Commission’s proposal on the European Pillar of Social Rights, as well as some developments in social dialogue at EU level, are the main topics of interest in this article. This update reports on the latest developments in working life at EU level in the first quarter

Slovenia: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The unions’ rejection of pension reform proposals, employers' demands for the withdrawal of a mini labour reform and the launch of the unions’ fair pay campaign are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovenia in the

Spain: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The inability of the national social partners to agree salary recommendations; digital disconnection after working hours; and the effects of the increase in the minimum wage on employment are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in

Bulgaria: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Rising wages following an increase in the minimum statutory wage, a victory for the centre-right party GERB in the March elections and predictions of a rise in employment in tourism are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working

Lithuania: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Controversial provisions in the Labour Code; four new members for Lithuania’s Tripartite Council; and initiatives by the main employer organisation, the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists, are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments

Finland: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

The effects of the decision by the Confederation of Finnish Industries EK to terminate most peak-level agreements with trade unions and a setback for employment policy reforms are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in

France: Latest working life developments – Q1 2017

Preparations for the presidential election and a revival of national social dialogue with the signing of a new collective agreement on the unemployment insurance scheme are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in France

Latvia: Social security implications of favourable tax rate for small businesses

The social partners reacted differently to the government's plans to increase the rate of the special tax for microenterprises, the unions concerned over the lower social protection afforded the workers and employers worried about losing competitiveness due to increased labour costs. In the end, the


Blogs results (6)

The COVID-19 pandemic made us acutely aware of how dependent our society is on certain essential workers. We felt deep gratitude towards workers in healthcare especially, because they worked ceaselessly in often-difficult conditions.

22 Noviembre 2023
ef21078.png

Decision-makers approached minimum wage setting for 2021 cautiously due to the economic uncertainty caused by the pandemic. Despite this, nominal statutory minimum wages rose in most Member States and the UK, although at lower rates than in recent years.

8 Junio 2021
image_blog_collective_bargaining_28102020.png

In the context of the ongoing trend of a fall in collective bargaining coverage, and recent calls at EU level to promote collective bargaining coverage as an instrument to support fair and decent wages, new data from Eurofound’s fourth European Company Survey (ECS) show that two-thirds of workers

28 Octubre 2020
image_3_blog_28032018.png

The workings of industrial relations are constantly evolving. In this blog piece, Eurofound authors Christian Welz and Ricardo Rodriguez Contreras discuss a tool that Eurofound has developed to enable this process of change to be monitored and analysed, enabling stakeholders in Member States to

28 Marzo 2018
rjmw8jbaixjbzi4jq06x.jpg

Europe has gone through significant economic change over the past decade. Businesses have had to manage the challenges posed by the financial crisis, globalisation and a rapidly changing labour market. Eurofound's new report Win-win arrangements: Innovative measures through social dialogue at

3 Octubre 2016
image_blog_20042015_from_val_duchesse_to_riga.jpg

The new European Commission (EC) under President Jean-Claude Juncker is committed to re-launching social dialogue and a first step was taken with the organisation of a high-level conference in Brussels on 5 March. The aim of the conference was to discuss concrete ways to strengthen social dialogue

20 Abril 2015
Upcoming publications results (7)

This report reviews the quality of the national social partners’ involvement in the implementation of the reforms and investments shaping the digital and green transition in the context of national policymaking. These reforms and investments stem mainly from the Recovery and Resilience Facility.

March 2025

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the extractive industries sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective par

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the construction sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participatio

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the chemical sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation in

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the road transport sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participat

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the postal and courier activities sector. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effec

November 2024

This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the graphical industry. Their relative representativeness legitimises their right to be consulted, their role and effective participation

November 2024

Disclaimer

When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.