Politiki tas-suq tax-xogħol
Il-Pjan ta' Azzjoni tal-Pilastru Ewropew tad-Drittijiet Soċjali għandu l-għan li jżid ir-rata ta' impjieg tal-popolazzjoni ta' bejn l-20 u l-64 sena għal mill-inqas 78 % sal-2030. Politiki inklużivi tas-suq tax-xogħol immirati biex iżidu l-parteċipazzjoni fis-suq tax-xogħol ta' gruppi sottorappreżentati bħall-anzjani, il-persuni b'ħiliet baxxi jew il-persuni b'diżabilità huma meħtieġa biex jiġi żgurat tkabbir inklużiv fl-impjiegi. Fl-istess ħin, il-Politiki Attivi tas-Suq tax-Xogħol (ALMPs) li għandhom l-għan li jżidu l-opportunitajiet ta' impjieg għal dawk li qed ifittxu impjieg u li jtejbu t-tqabbil bejn il-postijiet tax-xogħol battala u l-persuni qiegħda għandhom rwol ewlieni fl-indirizzar tal-qgħad fit-tul u n-nuqqas ta' tlaqqigħ tal-ħiliet eżistenti. Eżempji ta' ALMPs jinkludu taħriġ, servizzi ta' tqabbil tal-impjiegi, sussidji għar-reklutaġġ, ħolqien dirett ta' impjiegi għal skemi ta' xogħol pubbliku jew programmi speċjali mmirati biex jiżguraw tranżizzjonijiet mill-iskola għax-xogħol. Is-Servizzi Pubbliċi tal-Impjiegi għandhom rwol ewlieni fit-twassil ta' ALMPs effettivi u fl-għoti ta' appoġġ għad-dħul matul perjodi ta' qgħad.
Sib l-aktar kontenut reċenti dwar dan is-suġġett hawn taħt.
Għodod ta' politika dwar l-impjieg għall-persuni b'diżabilità għall-involviment tal-impjegaturi - Dokument ta' sfond
Dan id-dokument ta' sfond jħares lejn il-kuntest tal-politika tal-UE rigward il-parteċipazzjoni fis-suq tax-xogħol ta' persuni b'diżabilità, jirrevedi l-ostakli prinċipali wara l-firxa fl-impjieg fid-diżabilità u jiddeskrivi għodod ta' politika u prattiċi tax-xogħol li jappoġġjaw l-impjieg, iż-żamma u l-iżvilupp tal-karriera tagħhom.Foundation Forum 2025: Key takeaways
This paper provides the top 20 takeaways from the Foundation Forum 2025 which took place at IMMA Venues Dublin on 19–20 November 2025.Kompiti tax-xogħol fl-UE: Implikazzjonijiet għan-nuqqas ta' ħiliet u ħaddiema
Dan id-dokument jipprovdi evidenza ġdida dwar it-tipi ta' kompiti li jitwettqu fuq ix-xogħol fl-Unjoni Ewropea (UE). Hija tenfasizza l-bidliet fil-kompożizzjoni strutturali reċenti tal-impjiegi fl-UE-27.Il-Eurofound tissorvelja l-bidliet strutturali fis-suq tax-xogħol permezz tal-Monitoraġġ Ewropew tal-Impjiegi (EJM) u l-Monitoraġġ Ewropew tar-Ristrutturar (ERM), inkluża l-ħarsa ġenerali lejn l-istrumenti legali. Ir-riċerka tinvestiga d-dinamika tas-suq tax-xogħol, il-prattiki tal-kumpaniji, ir-ristrutturar, u l-involviment tal-imsieħba soċjali fl-indirizzar tat-tranżizzjoni ekoloġika mmexxija mill-politika, il-bidla teknoloġika avvanzata u r-rikonfigurazzjoni globali tal-ktajjen tal-provvista. Għandha l-għan li tipprovdi evidenza li tinforma l-fehim tal-kompetittività tal-UE u ssaħħaħ ir-reżiljenza soċjoekonomika.
Din l-evidenza dwar il-bidla strutturali fis-suq tax-xogħol tgħin biex tinforma l-politiki tas-suq tax-xogħol u l-inizjattivi tal-politika industrijali, billi toffri għarfien dwar it-titjib jew il-polarizzazzjoni potenzjali tal-impjiegi, dwar kif qed jinbidlu r-rekwiżiti tal-kompiti fl-impjiegi, u dwar jekk il-bidliet fl-istruttura tal-impjiegi humiex qed jaċċelleraw jew jonqsu.
L-investigazzjoni ta' forom ġodda ta' xogħol, inkluż b'mod diġitali bħax-xogħol bi pjattaformi u x-xogħol mobbli bbażat fuq l-ICT, tgħin biex tiġi vvalutata l-prevalenza tagħhom maż-żmien, u kif l-opportunitajiet jew ir-riskji li joħolqu jaffettwaw il-prospetti tal-impjieg u tas-suq tax-xogħol għall-persuni involuti. Il-Eurofound tkompli taġġorna r-Repożitorju tal-Ekonomija tal-Pjattaformi tagħha b'informazzjoni dwar l-iżviluppi u r-regolamentazzjoni tal-impjiegi f'dan it-tip ta' attività ekonomika.
Il-bażi tal-UE PolicyWatch tiġbor il-miżuri introdotti mill-gvernijiet u s-sħab soċjali fl-Istati Membri biex itaffu l-effetti fuq in-negozji, il-ħaddiema u ċ-ċittadini tal-kriżijiet reċenti – il-COVID-19, il-gwerra fl-Ukrajna u l-inflazzjoni li qed tiżdied. Telenka wkoll politiki li jappoġġjaw it-tranżizzjonijiet diġitali u ekoloġiċi, kif ukoll kumpaniji li għandhom bżonn jirristrutturaw.
L-Artikolu 4 tal-Pilastru Ewropew tad-Drittijiet Soċjali jiffoka fuq l-appoġġ attiv għall-impjiegi. Dan jappoġġja d-dritt għal assistenza f'waqtha u mfassla apposta biex jittejbu l-prospetti ta' impjieg jew ta' impjieg indipendenti, id-dritt taż-żgħażagħ għal edukazzjoni kontinwa, apprendistat, traineeship jew offerta ta' impjieg fi żmien erba' xhur minn meta jispiċċaw qiegħda jew jitilqu mill-edukazzjoni permezz tal-Garanzija għaż-Żgħażagħ, kif ukoll id-dritt tal-persuni qiegħda għal appoġġ personalizzat, kontinwu u konsistenti. Fl-2021, il-Kummissjoni Ewropea ħarġet Rakkomandazzjoni għal Appoġġ Effettiv għall-Impjiegi.
Il-Kummissjoni Ewropea: Rakkomandazzjoni tal-Kummissjoni għal Appoġġ Attiv Effettiv għall-Impjiegiopens in new tab (EASE)
F'dawn l-aħħar snin, in-nuqqas ta' ħaddiema kien dejjem aktar il-fattur ewlieni li jaffettwa s-swieq tax-xogħol fl-UE u lil hinn minnha. Wara l-pandemija tal-COVID-19, il-prevalenza tan-nuqqas ta' ħaddiema saret tħassib ewlieni kemm għall-gvernijiet kif ukoll għall-imsieħba soċjali. Il-muturi ewlenin tan-nuqqas ta' ħaddiema jinkludu t-tibdil demografiku, il-kwalità tal-impjiegi u t-tranżizzjoni ekoloġika u diġitali.
F'Marzu 2024, il-Kummissjoni Ewropea ppreżentat pjan ta' azzjoni biex tindirizza n-nuqqas ta' ħaddiema u ħiliet, li jistabbilixxi l-miżuri ewlenin li l-UE, l-Istati Membri u s-sħab soċjali għandhom jieħdu biex jilħqu l-miri tagħha għall-2030 dwar il-ħiliet u l-impjiegi.
Din hija għażla tal-aktar riżultati importanti għal dan is-suġġett.
10 September 2024
Company practices to tackle labour shortages
This report provides updated evidence on the persistence of labour shortages amid declining levels of labour market slack in the EU and at Member State level. This serves as a background to the main focus of the report, which is on organisational policies aimed at attracting workers to occupations in which shortages are common. Case studies were conducted across sectors and Member States to gain an insight into how organisations deal with recruitment and retention challenges in a tight labour market. The report offers lessons on steps employers can take to fill vacancies, whether acting alone or in partnership with other organisations. It builds on previous Eurofound research that developed a taxonomy of actions employers adopt aimed at addressing labour shortages.
21 May 2024
Becoming adults: Young people in a post-pandemic world
During the pandemic, many young people had to change their plans for the future. While at the end of 2023 young people’s labour market situation was more favourable than it had been in recent years, many obstacles remained on their route to independence, such as the rising cost of living and inability to move out of the parental home. This report explores young people’s wishes and plans for the future – and the well-being outcomes related to these plans – in the context of the current labour market and housing situation and progress on the implementation of the EU’s reinforced Youth Guarantee.
27 March 2023
Measures to tackle labour shortages: Lessons for future policy
As economies begin to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, labour shortages are becoming increasingly evident despite the impact of the war in Ukraine on energy and commodity prices. These include shortages exacerbated by the crisis in some sectors and professions where they had been endemic for some time. This report looks at measures implemented at national level to tackle labour shortages in the health, care, and information and communication technology sectors, as well as those arising from the twin green and digital transition. It assesses what measures are effective and explores the contextual factors supporting or hindering effective policy implementation and outcomes.
20 July 2021
Tackling labour shortages in EU Member States
While unemployment is still a huge challenge in Europe, some countries, sectors and occupations are experiencing labour shortages. This report explores various approaches to identifying labour shortages and maps national policy debates around the issue. It documents public and social partner interventions to tackle labour shortages, such as measures fostering geographical or occupational mobility, addressing skills shortages and underinvestment in skills, improving working and employment conditions, and providing better matching procedures.
18 April 2021
Disability and labour market integration: Policy trends and support in EU Member States
This report examines policy developments in EU Member States aimed at supporting the inclusion of people with disabilities in the open labour market, with a particular focus on the three stages of entering into employment, staying in the job and returning to work after an absence. It explores the mechanisms and effectiveness of more than 150 different policy measures designed to address the dimensions in place in the EU before the COVID-19 pandemic: job creation, labour supply, labour demand and contextual factors. In addition, it provides an updated analysis of early policy measures created in the wake of the pandemic that aimed to support the labour market situation of people with disabilities. A country case study on Ireland complements the study by outlining the complexity of disability and support systems from a broader perspective. The report builds on the lessons learned and provides policy pointers to improve the integration of people with disabilities into the open labour market.
24 June 2020
COVID-19: Policy responses across Europe
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals and societies, including on the economy and labour markets, is unprecedented. The impact of the global health emergency has placed a growing number of businesses under threat, putting the jobs of more and more workers at risk and impacting the livelihoods of many citizens. Policymakers moved swiftly in an effort to mitigate the social and economic effects on businesses, workers and citizens. Eurofound’s COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch database provides information on initiatives introduced to cushion these effects. Drawing on the content of this database of around 500 policy initiatives (April 2020), this report aims to present an overview of both large-scale government measures and collective agreements that impact on large groups of workers, setting this in the context of the evolving labour market situation.
Data: COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch
Ir-riċerkaturi tal-Eurofound jipprovdu għarfien espert u jistgħu jiġu kkuntattjati għal mistoqsijiet jew talbiet mill-midja.
Dragoș Adăscăliței
Research officerDragoș Adăscăliței huwa uffiċjal tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Impjieg f'Eurofound. Ir-riċerka attwali tiegħu tiffoka fuq suġġetti relatati mal-futur tax-xogħol, inkluż l-impatt tal-intelliġenza artifiċjali fuq ix-xogħol, il-konsegwenzi tal-awtomazzjoni għall-impjieg u kwistjonijiet regolatorji madwar ix-xogħol fuq il-pjattaformi. Huwa wkoll kontribwitur regolari għal proġetti komparattivi li jissorveljaw bidliet strutturali fis-swieq tax-xogħol Ewropej. Qabel ma ngħaqad ma' Eurofound, kien lezzjonist fir-Relazzjonijiet tax-Xogħol fl-Università ta' Sheffield, Management School. Għandu MA fix-Xjenza Politika mill-Università Ċentrali Ewropea u PhD fis-Soċjoloġija mill-Università ta' Mannheim.
Tina Weber
Senior research managerTina Weber is a senior research manager in Eurofound’s Working Life unit. Her work has focused on labour shortages, the impact of hybrid work and an ‘always on’ culture and the right to disconnect, working conditions and social protection measures for self-employed workers and the impact of the twin transitions on employment, working conditions and industrial relations. She is responsible for studies assessing the representativeness of European social partner organisations. She has also carried out research on European Works Councils and the evolution of industrial relations and social dialogue in the European Union. Prior to joining Eurofound in 2019, she worked for a private research institute primarily carrying out impact assessments and evaluations of EU labour law and labour market policies. Tina holds a PhD in Political Sciences from the University of Edinburgh which focussed on the role of national trade unions and employers’ organisations in the European social dialogue.
Din it-taqsima tipprovdi aċċess għall-kontenut kollu li ġie ppubblikat dwar is-suġġett.
