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Partners soċjali
'Partners soċjali' huwa terminu li ġeneralment jintuża fl-Ewropa biex jirreferi għal rappreżentanti tal-maniġment u l-ħaddiema (organizzazzjonijiet tal-impjegaturi u unions tax-xogħol), u f'ċerti kuntesti awtoritajiet pubbliċi li jipparteċipaw fid-djalogu soċjali. It-terminu 'partners soċjali Ewropej' jirreferi speċifikament għal dawk l-organizzazzjonijiet fil-livell tal-UE li huma involuti fid-djalogu soċjali Ewropew, stipulat taħt l-Artikoli 154 u 155 tat-Trattat dwar il-Funzjonament tal-Unjoni Ewropea (TFUE). Il-partners soċjali għandhom rwol ewlieni fil-governanza tar-relazzjoni tax-xogħol, u huma atturi ewlenin fis-sistemi ta' relazzjonijiet industrijali. Fil-biċċa l-kbira tal-Istati Membri tal-UE, huma jiffurmaw il-kundizzjonijiet tax-xogħol u jinfluwenzaw il-politika soċjali, kemm permezz ta' negozjar kollettiv kif ukoll permezz ta' djalogu soċjali tripartit. Huma partijiet intermarbuta f'sistema ta' governanza multilivell li tinkludi l-livelli Ewropej, nazzjonali, settorjali, reġjonali (provinċjali jew lokali), kumpaniji u stabbilimenti.
Sib l-aktar kontenut reċenti dwar dan is-suġġett hawn taħt.
Rappreżentattività tal-organizzazzjonijiet Ewropej tal-partners soċjali: Settur tal-ferroviji
Dan l-istudju jipprovdi informazzjoni li tippermetti valutazzjoni tar-rappreżentattività tal-atturi involuti fil-kumitat Ewropew ta' djalogu soċjali sektorjali għas-settur tal-ferroviji.Siġġu fuq il-mejda, imma min jiddeċiedi? Sħab soċjali fil-gvernanza tal-impjiegi pubbliċi u l-istituzzjonijiet tas-sigurtà soċjali
Dan l-artiklu jeżamina l-involviment tal-unions tax-xogħol u l-organizzazzjonijiet tal-impjegaturi fil-gvernanza tas-servizzi pubbliċi tal-impjieg u l-istituzzjonijiet tas-sigurtà soċjali fil-27 Stat Membru tal-UE u fin-Norveġja, u jirrapporta dwar l-influwenza li għandhom, jekk hemm, f'dawn l-istituzzjonijiet.Representativeness of the European social partner organisations: Commerce sector – 2026
This study provides information allowing for an assessment of the representativeness of the actors involved in the European sectoral social dialogue committee for the commerce sector.Eurofound jinvestiga u jirrapporta dwar żviluppi li jikkonċernaw il-partners soċjali, u r-riċerka tesplora kif wieġbu fl-Istati Membri tal-UE u fin-Norveġja għall-ħafna sfidi politiċi, legali u soċjali ġodda li ħarġu fl-aħħar snin.
It-TFEU tirrikonoxxi u tippromwovi r-rwol tal-partners soċjali fil-livell tal-UE u tiddokumenta l-impenn tal-UE biex tiffaċilita d-djalogu bejn il-partners soċjali, billi tirrispetta l-awtonomija tagħhom. Din ir-rikonoxximent tidher mill-adozzjoni tal-programmi ta' xogħol pluriennali tal-partners soċjali. F'dawn il-programmi, il-partners soċjali stess jistabbilixxu l-prijoritajiet u l-aġenda tan-negozjati tagħhom u jiddeċiedu l-istrumenti xierqa għad-djalogu soċjali.
Matul is-snin, kien hemm żieda fir-rikonoxximent tar-rwol tal-partners soċjali fil-livell tal-UE mill-istituzzjonijiet Ewropej. Dan jirrifletti, pereżempju, fl-istabbiliment ta' summit soċjali tripartit annwali bejn il-Kunsill Ewropew, il-Kummissjoni Ewropea u l-partners soċjali, li jippermetti lil dawn tal-aħħar jikkontribwixxu, fil-kuntest tad-djalogu soċjali tagħhom, għall-komponenti differenti tal-governanza ekonomika u soċjali tal-UE. L-organizzazzjonijiet ewlenin bejn l-industriji li jirrappreżentaw lill-partners soċjali fil-livell tal-UE huma:
il-Konfederazzjoni Ewropea tal-Unions tal-Ħaddiema (ETUC)
il-Konfederazzjoni tan-Negozju Ewropew (BusinessEurope)
l-Assoċjazzjoni tal-Ħiliet u l-SMEs fl-Ewropa (SMEunited, qabel UEAPME)
iċ-Ċentru Ewropew tal-Impjegaturi u l-Intrapriżi li jipprovdu Servizzi Pubbliċi u Servizzi ta' Interess Ġenerali (CEEP)
Il-partners soċjali għandhom rwol prominenti fil-formazzjoni tal-leġiżlazzjoni soċjali tal-UE. Il-Kummissjoni trid tikkonsulta lill-partners soċjali qabel ma tippreżenta proposti fil-qasam tal-politika soċjali permezz ta' proċedura obbligatorja ta' konsultazzjoni f'żewġ fażijiet (Artilce 154 TFEU). Barra minn hekk, il-partners soċjali jistgħu jinnegozjaw ftehimiet li jistgħu jiġu implimentati awtonomament skont il-prattiċi nazzjonali, jew jiġu implimentati fuq talba tagħhom fil-livell tal-UE permezz ta' deċiżjoni tal-Kunsill (Artikolu 155 TFEU). F'dan il-sens, il-ftehimiet dwar sħab soċjali implimentati fil-livell tal-UE kellhom rwol sinifikanti fl-iżvilupp tal-acquis soċjali tal-UE.
Barra minn hekk, il-korpi istituzzjonali Ewropej jaraw iż-żewġ naħat tal-industrija bħala ċavetta għall-iżvilupp tas-Semester Ewropew, iċ-ċiklu ta' koordinazzjoni tal-politika ekonomika u fiskali ġewwa l-UE. Filwaqt li r-rwol tal-partners soċjali fis-Semester mhuwiex ċar fil-qafas leġiżlattiv, il-parteċipazzjoni tagħhom ġiet rikonoxxuta u msaħħa fir-Regolament 1175/2011 dwar is-sorveljanza tal-pożizzjonijiet tal-baġit u s-sorveljanza u l-koordinazzjoni tal-politiki ekonomiċi. Is-Semestru Ewropew rinnovat, li beda fl-2015, jippermetti aktar ħin għad-djalogu u aktar involviment tal-partners soċjali f'kull livell. F'Marzu 2025, il-Kummissjoni u s-sħab soċjali interindustrijali ffirmaw Patt konġunt dwar it-tisħiħ tad-djalogu soċjali Ewropew. Dan jibni fuq id-Dikjarazzjoni tal-Partner Soċjali Val Duchesse tal-2024.
Kummissjoni Ewropea: Il-Kummissjoni u s-sħab soċjali jiffirmaw Patt konġunt biex isaħħu d-djalogu soċjali fl-Ewropaopens in new tab
Kummissjoni Ewropea: Is-Semester Ewropewopens in new tab
Kummissjoni Ewropea: Konsultazzjonijiet mal-partners soċjaliopens in new tab
BusinessEurope: Djalogu soċjali Ewropew – Programm tax-xogħol 2022–2024opens in new tab
Din hija għażla tal-aktar riżultati importanti għal dan is-suġġett.
31 March 2025
National-level social governance of the European Semester and the Recovery and Resilience Facility
The Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF) is integrated into the European Semester framework for economic and social policy coordination. It is the cornerstone of the NextGenerationEU package and provides funds to Member States for the implementation of the reforms and investments in their recovery and resilience plans until the end of 2026.
This report looks at the extent and quality of social partner involvement in the European Semester and in the RRF. It examines the question of how the social partners have been involved in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans and how satisfied they have been with this involvement. It also aims to identify general trends in the implementation of the national plans, with a particular focus on measures in the social policy field. The involvement of the social partners came to the fore with the adoption of a new economic governance framework in April 2024, which introduced national medium-term fiscal-structural plans on which the social partners need to be consulted.
19 July 2023
Supporting regions in the just transition: Role of social partners
This report investigates the involvement of social partners in the just transition to a climate-neutral economy, with a particular focus on the territorial just transition plans. These plans aim to support the regions most negatively affected by the just transition by assisting workers to retrain, relocate and find other jobs, and also support industries that need to phase out fossil fuels or other greenhouse gas-intensive activities. The role and input of the social partners in these plans and their views on the just transition are explored. An analysis of social dialogue practices and examples of collective agreements shows the range of topics covered by the social partners. The report also investigates the role of the energy crisis in the just transition and how it has contributed to delays in the implementation of territorial just transition plans in certain Member States.
10 December 2021
Social partners going digital: Using digital tools and adapting social dialogue processes
Digital transformation is changing the world of work. This report looks at how social partners – the actors involved in the regulation of employment relationships – are increasingly adopting technological solutions to improve the services that they provide to their members and facilitate collective bargaining processes. Technological tools offer social partners the opportunity to enhance consultation, engage with their members through digitised processes, improve services and increase networking activities, as well as addressing the issue of membership decline. The findings of this report show that the extent to which the social partners use digital technologies varies greatly across the EU Member States, Norway and the United Kingdom. Provisions in collective agreements on several aspects of digitalisation have been identified in about half of the countries. Through these provisions, social partners encourage their members to boost training on digital skills, ensure fair and safe working conditions and take account of data protection and employee monitoring practices. The European social partners’ autonomous framework agreement on digitalisation has provided inspiration to national-level organisations, and follow-up actions in this regard have the potential to greatly benefit their members.
9 March 2021
Involvement of social partners in policymaking during the COVID-19 outbreak
Since 2016, Eurofound has closely monitored the involvement of national social partners in policymaking as part of the European Semester cycle. In 2020, the focus was on their involvement during the first months of the COVID-19 outbreak. While the pandemic has presented a huge challenge to social dialogue, the results of the analysis highlight how social dialogue can be an effective tool in shaping policy initiatives and finding solutions to emergency situations affecting businesses, workers, the economy and society. It is clear that the participation of social partners in the design and implementation of national recovery and resilience plans in 2021 will be key in the recovery process and for strengthening social dialogue going forward.
30 August 2020
Role of social partners in tackling discrimination at work
This report assesses the role of the social partners in tackling workplace discrimination. Against the background of EU and national anti-discrimination legislation, it highlights the extent to which the need to tackle discrimination on different grounds is on the radar of cross-sectoral social partners. It also provides an overview of the measures taken to deal with the persistent incidence of discrimination on the grounds of age, disability, race or ethnic origin, religion or belief, and sexual orientation or gender identity.
24 June 2020
COVID-19: Policy responses across Europe
The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals and societies, including on the economy and labour markets, is unprecedented. The impact of the global health emergency has placed a growing number of businesses under threat, putting the jobs of more and more workers at risk and impacting the livelihoods of many citizens. Policymakers moved swiftly in an effort to mitigate the social and economic effects on businesses, workers and citizens. Eurofound’s COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch database provides information on initiatives introduced to cushion these effects. Drawing on the content of this database of around 500 policy initiatives (April 2020), this report aims to present an overview of both large-scale government measures and collective agreements that impact on large groups of workers, setting this in the context of the evolving labour market situation.
Data: COVID-19 EU PolicyWatch
10 September 2020
Capacity building for effective social dialogue in the European Union
The aim of this report is to add to the discussion on how Eurofound can contribute to supporting capacity building of social partners for effective social dialogue. The report includes a review by Eurofound aimed at identifying the capacity-building needs and initiatives of social partners in relation to national frameworks for autonomous collective bargaining, involvement in European social dialogue and the European Semester, and the development of membership and services for members. It also includes the results from stakeholder consultations and two exchange seminars held in 2019, along with a set of policy pointers for further discussion.
6 December 2019
European sectoral social dialogue: Facts and figures
European sectoral social dialogue plays an important role in promoting dialogue between the social partners in industrial sectors at European level. There are currently 43 European sectoral social dialogue committees that bring together the social partners from the EU Member States – representatives of trade unions and employer organisations – to engage in dialogue on behalf of specific sectors. This research report provides facts and figures on sectoral diversity, social partner organisations, and representativeness at EU, Member State and sectoral levels.
Ir-riċerkaturi tal-Eurofound jipprovdu għarfien espert u jistgħu jiġu kkuntattjati għal mistoqsijiet jew talbiet mill-midja.
Peter Kerckhofs
Senior research managerPeter Kerckhofs huwa maniġer anzjan tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Ħajja tax-Xogħol fil-Eurofound. Ix-xogħol tiegħu jiffoka fuq ir-rwol tal-imsieħba soċjali fis-Semestru Ewropew u wkoll fuq ir-rappurtar nazzjonali dwar l-iżviluppi fir-relazzjonijiet industrijali. Peter għandu għarfien espert wiesa' fl-iżvilupp tal-metodoloġija għall-istudji tar-rappreżentanza, l-applikazzjoni ta' kriterji ta' rappreżentanza Ewropej u nazzjonali fil-kuntest speċifiku ta' setturi differenti, filwaqt li akkumula wkoll għarfien fil-fond tax-xenarju tar-relazzjonijiet industrijali f'diversi setturi. Peter ħadem ukoll fuq proġetti relatati mal-Kunsilli tax-Xogħlijiet Ewropej u d-Djalogu Soċjali Settorjali Ewropew. Qabel ma ngħaqad mal-Eurofound, huwa ħadem bħala riċerkatur għall-ETUI u l-UCL, bħala segretarju politiku għall-EMCEF u kien koordinatur xjentifiku tal-Iskola tal-PhD tal-fakultà tax-xjenzi soċjali tal-KU Leuven. Huwa għandu grad ta 'Baċellerat fil-Ħidma Soċjali u grad ta' Masters fix-Xjenza Politika minn KU Leuven u wieħed fir-Relazzjonijiet Internazzjonali mill-UCL, u għandu PhD fir-Relazzjonijiet Industrijali mill-Università ta 'Manchester.
Mária Sedláková
Research officerMária Sedláková hija uffiċjal tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Ħajja tax-Xogħol f'Eurofound, speċjalizzata fir-relazzjonijiet industrijali komparattivi, djalogu soċjali u negozjar kollettiv. Għandha esperjenza fl-analiżi tal-kontenut ta' ftehimiet kollettivi. Ix-xogħol attwali tagħha jesplora r-rwol tal-partners soċjali fil-gvernanza tas-servizzi pubbliċi nazzjonali tal-impjieg u l-istituzzjonijiet tas-sigurtà soċjali, kif ukoll ir-rwol tad-djalogu soċjali fil-migrazzjoni tax-xogħol. Hija wkoll tikkontribwixxi għall-valutazzjoni tar-rappreżentattività tal-partners soċjali settoriali fil-livell tal-UE u tiffaċilita s-Seminars Tripartiti kull sentejn. Qabel ma ngħaqdet ma' Eurofound, Mária wettqet riċerka dwar il-ftehim kollettiv fid-Dipartiment tal-Gvernanza u t-Tripartiżmu fl-Organizzazzjoni Internazzjonali tax-Xogħol f'Ġinevra (2020–2022), wara perjodu bħala riċerkatriċi fl-Istitut tal-Istudji tax-Xogħol tal-Ewropa Ċentrali f'Bratislava (2013–2020). Għandha MA fix-Xjenza Politika b'speċjalizzazzjoni fil-Politika Ewropea Komparattiva mill-Università Ċentrali Ewropea.
Victoria Cojocariu
Research officerVictoria Cojocariu hija uffiċjal tar-riċerka fl-unità tal-Ħajja tax-Xogħol f'Eurofound, taħdem fuq id-djalogu soċjali u r-relazzjonijiet industrijali. Hija involuta b'mod estensiv fl-istudji ta' rappreżentattività li Eurofound twettaq biex tappoġġja d-djalogu soċjali Ewropew, kif ukoll f'studji li janalizzaw ir-rwol tal-partners soċjali fuq livell nazzjonali u Ewropew u prattiċi ta' negozjar kollettiv. L-interessi tar-riċerka tagħha jinkludu d-diġitalizzazzjoni, l-organizzazzjoni tax-xogħol u l-prattiċi tax-xogħol. Mill-2025, Victoria timmaniġġja d-database tal-UE PolicyWatch. Qabel ma ngħaqdet ma' Eurofound fl-2019, Victoria kienet riċerkatriċi għall-Centre for Public Innovation f'Bukarest u għall-Open Society Foundation Rumanija, fejn kontribwiet għal proġetti ta' riċerka nazzjonali nazzjonali ta' pajjiżi terzi, kif ukoll id-drittijiet tal-bniedem. Għandha gradwati BA u MA fis-Soċjoloġija.
Angelina Atanasova
Research support officerAngelina Atanasova hija uffiċjal ta' appoġġ tar-riċerka fl-unità Working Life f'Eurofound. Is-suġġetti tar-riċerka attwali tagħha jinkludu djalogu soċjali u relazzjonijiet industrijali, kif ukoll id-drittijiet tad-diżabilità u l-inklużjoni ta' persuni b'diżabilità fis-suq tax-xogħol. Qabel ma ngħaqdet ma' Eurofound fl-2024, qattgħet għaxar snin taħdem fuq riċerka ta' politika f'Brussell, bħala riċerkatriċi fl-Osservatorju Soċjali Ewropew, assoċjata tar-riċerka fil-Fakultà tal-Liġi tal-KU Leuven, u konsulenta dwar l-ugwaljanza u l-kontra d-diskriminazzjoni fl-Open Society European Policy Institute. Għandha PhD fil-liġi u s-soċjoloġija tal-UE mill-KU Leuven u MA fil-Politika Pubblika mill-Università Ċentrali Ewropea. L-interessi ewlenin tar-riċerka tagħha jinkludu d-drittijiet tad-diżabilità, l-ugwaljanza, l-inklużjoni soċjali u d-djalogu soċjali.
Din it-taqsima tipprovdi aċċess għall-kontenut kollu li ġie ppubblikat dwar is-suġġett.
