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Dobre fungujúce a inkluzívne trhy práce

Dobre fungujúce trhy práce sú nevyhnutné pre úplné využitie potenciálu ekonomiky v súvislosti s vytváraním pracovných miest, ako vyplýva z finančnej a hospodárskej krízy. Kríza mala veľmi rôznorodé dopady na trhy práce v jednotlivých členských štátoch EÚ a niektoré skupiny, ako napr. mladí ľudia a osoby s nízkym vzdelaním, boli obzvlášť tvrdo postihnuté krízou. Rýchle prebiehajúce štrukturálne zmeny tiež predstavujú nové výzvy z hľadiska možného nedostatku pracovnej sily a nesúladu medzi ponúkanými a požadovanými zručnosťami v jednotlivých odvetviach a regiónoch.

Hlavným nástrojom EÚ na podporu zamestnanosti a sociálneho začlenenia je Európsky sociálny fond, ktorý pomáha ľuďom získať prácu, integrovať znevýhodnené osoby do spoločnosti a zabezpečiť spravodlivejšie životné príležitosti pre všetkých. K dispozícii sú aj rozmanité európske právne predpisy, ktoré upravujú práva pracovníkov na trhu práce. Európska komisia okrem toho v apríli 2017 zaviedla európsky pilier sociálnych práv. Pilier nadväzuje na sociálnu politiku a politiku zamestnanosti, ktoré dopĺňa s cieľom usmerňovať politiky vo viacerých oblastiach, ktoré sú nevyhnutné pre dobre fungujúce a spravodlivé trhy práce a systémy sociálneho zabezpečenia.

Topic

Recent updates

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This report investigates the social groups whose attachment to the labour market may be unstable and who are most likely to have non-standard working arrangements, and the implications of such...

29 august 2023
Publication
Research report
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V reakcii na ruskú vojnu proti Ukrajine EÚ aktivovala svoju smernicu o dočasnej ochrane pre ľudí, ktorí utiekli z krajiny, a umožnila im usadiť sa v EÚ a získať prístup...

14 jún 2023
Publication
Eurofound research paper

EU context

Práca nadácie Eurofound

Výskum nadácie Eurofound je zameraný na prehĺbenie pochopenia dynamiky trhu práce v rámci Európy a zároveň poskytuje informácie pre politiku na zlepšenie ich fungovania. Vzhľadom na dlhodobo vysokú úroveň nezamestnanosti v niektorých členských štátoch obzvlášť zaujímavé sú politiky na podporu reintegrácie nezamestnaných ľudí na trh práce a politiky zamerané na osobitné skupiny – mladých ľudí, migrantov, ženy a starších nezamestnaných. Eurofound vykonal v tejto oblasti veľký kus práce tým, že sa v posledných rokoch zameral na záležitosti týkajúce sa mládeže, rod a prácu, nové formy zamestnávania, mobilitu a migráciu, ako aj na mzdy.

Hlavné príspevky

Nadácia Eurofound skúmala výzvy, ktorým čelia mladí ľudia v oblasti zamestnanosti a sociálnej oblasti. V rámci štúdií sa skúmali otázky týkajúce sa sociálneho začlenenia a potreba zohľadniť rozmanitosť zraniteľných mladých ľudí pri vytváraní politík na ich podporu. Štúdie sa zoberali aj podnikaním mládeže a typmi účinných opatrení na jeho podporu.

Ďalšia oblasť výskumu upozorňovala na hospodárske a sociálne náklady vyplývajúce z rodových rozdielov v zamestnanosti a posudzovala sa účinnosť opatrení politiky na podporu účasti žien na trhu práce.

V súčasnosti prebieha výskum nových foriem zamestnávania, ktoré sa líšia od tradičného štandardného alebo neštandardného zamestnávania, a skúma sa ich vplyv na pracovné podmienky a trhy práce. Po počiatočnom výskume typológie nasledovalo podrobné dôkladné preskúmanie špecifických nových foriem zamestnávania, ako napríklad strategické spoločné využívanie zamestnancov a mobilná práca na báze IKT.

Výskum mobility poskytuje aktuálny obraz pohybu pracovnej sily v rámci Európy a vplyvu na migráciu hospodárskej krízy.

Nadácia Eurofound vykonala aj podrobnú analýzu rôznych otázok týkajúcich sa prechodov v rámci trhu práce vrátane trvania zamestnania, dočasného zamestnania a prechodu mladých ľudí zo vzdelávania do zamestnania.

Key outputs

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Employment statistics consistently show that having a foreign background has an influence on people’s employment prospects. Less is known about the types of jobs workers with foreign backgrounds hold and...

27 november 2019
Publication
Policy brief

Current and ongoing research

Research continues in this topic on a variety of themes, which are outlined below with links to forthcoming titles.

Eurofound expert(s)

John Hurley

John Hurley is a senior research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He took up the role of research manager in February 2012. He is responsible for the European...

Senior research manager,
Employment research unit
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Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (37)

Against a background of high youth unemployment, policymakers are paying more attention to encouraging young people to start their own businesses as a means of easing their entry into the labour market.

13 April 2016

Temporary employment has increased since the 1980s in most European countries as a result of demands for greater flexibility in labour markets and subsequent reforms of employment protection legislation. This report presents a broad picture of temporary employment across the EU27 between 2001 and

15 December 2015

Since the onset of the economic crisis, the unemployment level among young people has risen sharply and although an improvement is now being registered some EU countries still have stubbornly high youth unemployment rates. Young people, especially those who are not in employment, education or

23 September 2015

This report describes the findings of a study of change in job tenure between 2002 and 2012 in the EU. The study examined change in mean tenure as well as the distribution of short and long tenure in the EU and in individual Member States. It also looked at differences in tenure according to

15 July 2015

The level of youth unemployment is alarmingly high in several EU Member States, with rates of over 50% recorded in Spain and Greece in 2013. In light of the potential of entrepreneurs to create employment and sustainable growth, promoting youth entrepreneurship and making Europe more entrepreneur

29 April 2015

Across Europe, new forms of employment are emerging that are different from traditional standard or non-standard employment in a number of ways. Some transform the relationship between employer and employee, some change work organisation and work patterns, and some do both. This report identifies

12 March 2015

The European Commission promotes geographical mobility as a strategy to reduce discrepancies between supply and demand in European labour markets. While migration levels are low within and across EU Member States by comparison with other OECD regions, the proportion of EU migrants working in the EU

31 October 2014

Young people in Europe continue to experience great difficulties in entering the labour market. Although the youth unemployment rate in a few Member States has started to fall, overall 23% of young European job-seekers aged 15–24 could not find a job in January 2014. In 2012, 14.6 million young

23 July 2014

This issue of Foundation Focus looks at win–win practices in European workplaces that help companies to grow and innovate, while also increasing their competitiveness. What does the European Company Survey tell us about workplace practices related to work organisation, human resources policies

07 July 2014

With the average age of the population rising, people aged 55–64 make up an increasing share of workers in Europe. This demographic shift, as well as ongoing threats to the sustainability of national welfare and pension systems, has increased pressure for reforms to encourage longer careers. This

29 April 2013

Online resources results (4)

Slovakia: latest working life developments Q2 2018

An increase in wage supplements, easier access for people from countries outside the EU to join the Slovak labour market and new legislation for social enterprises are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovakia in

Czech Republic: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Continued growth in the Czech economy, staff shortages in the social services sector, the tightening of agency employment rules and legislative measures to regulate Uber are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the

Finland: HR managers regard diversity as strength for workplaces

The Diversity Barometer 2016, a survey-based study by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, explores the perceptions and attitudes of human resources professionals to diversity in Finnish workplaces. It finds that the key aspects of diversity are age and age-related issues, language and

Italy: New solidarity contracts boost inter-generational staff turnover

The aim of the 2016 Stability Law is to create stable permanent work for younger, less experienced workers while ensuring that the skills and experience of the older generation are not lost, and that shorter working hours or reduced social contributions do not erode entitlement to welfare benefits

Blogs results (13)
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An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

2 december 2020
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COVID-19 unleashed the pent-up potential for telework. Over a third of respondents to Eurofound’s online survey of Europeans in April had started teleworking because of the pandemic. Never before had so many people been working from home. For people with disabilities, telework has long been viewed

17 august 2020
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Much of the discussion on the future of work is focused on globalisation and technology, and their impacts on the labour market. However, there is also a growing interest in the business models used by cooperatives and social enterprises, and how they can contribute to a better future of work

15 november 2019
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Imagine you’re at work and something happens: you have to leave to visit a client, you have to go home to let in the plumber, or you have to collect the kids from school as the football training has just been cancelled. If you’re lucky, your employer gives you the flexibility to do this. If you’re

14 máj 2019
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In this blog, originally posted in Social Europe, Massimiliano Mascherini looks at the enduring issue of long-term unemployment among young people. Despite considerable improvement in the labour market participation of youth in recent years, the legacy of the crisis is still visible in the

17 apríl 2018
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The integration of migrants from outside the EU into society is one of the key challenges that the Union must address to maintain social cohesion and equality. This blog piece looks at how well migrants and their descendants have integrated into the labour markets of EU Member States.

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The Great Recession had lasting effects on European labour markets, both in terms of employment levels and structure. Not only did employment rates drop significantly – taking years to return to pre-crisis levels, with some countries not fully recovered yet – but the crisis also accelerated

3 august 2017
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The refugee crisis has posed significant challenges for Europe – we have not seen such a large-scale migration of people since the Second World War. The exodus from war-torn regions initially posed a humanitarian challenge for frontline countries such as Greece and Italy. However, the longer term

20 jún 2017
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EU-wide income inequality declined notably prior to 2008, driven by a strong process of income convergence between European countries. The Great Recession broke this trend. After 2008, income convergence has been sluggish, while inequality within many countries has increased significantly.

21 marec 2017

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