Anticipating and managing the impact of change
Poročilo ERM za leto 2020: Čezmejno prestrukturiranje
Published:
10 November 2020
Posodobljeno:
22 Julij 2021
Research report
Abstract
To poročilo ima dva dela. Prvi del vsebuje pregled dejavnosti prestrukturiranja v EU od januarja 2019 do vključno prvih učinkov krize zaradi pandemije bolezni covid-19. Drugi del zajema analizo primerov nadnacionalnih prestrukturiranj, tj. prestrukturiranj, ki vplivajo na delavce v več kot eni državi. Glavni vir obeh analiz je podatkovna zbirka dogodkov, ki jo vodi Evropski center za spremljanje prestrukturiranja in v kateri je od začetka svojega delovanja leta 2002 zbral podatke o več kot 25 000 obsežnih prestrukturiranjih, vključno s skoraj 2 000 prestrukturiranji, izvedenimi od začetka leta 2019.
Pregled podatkov o nadnacionalnih prestrukturiranjih je dopolnjen s povzetkom študij primerov na podlagi mednarodnih selitev proizvodnje. Namen analize je predstaviti vrste sporov, do katerih prihaja, kako vodstvo in socialni partnerji vodijo prestrukturiranje ter kakšen je izid za prizadete delavce.
Key findings
Približno vsako dvajseto obsežno prestrukturiranje je nadnacionalno in vpliva na dejavnosti v vsaj dveh državah. V takih primerih so učinki na zaposlovanje veliko večji, procesi prestrukturiranja pa daljši in posledično kompleksnejši. V obsežnih nadnacionalnih prestrukturiranjih v EU je v povprečju izgubljenih približno 3 000 delovnih mest.
Vse dejavnosti prestrukturiranja so ciklične in vrh dosežejo v času recesij, dejavnosti nadnacionalnega prestrukturiranja pa so še posebej občutljive na poslovni cikel. Tako pogostost primerov kot njihov obseg (z vidika izgube delovnih mest) se sorazmerno povečata v obdobjih upada gospodarske rasti, tudi v času krize zaradi pandemije bolezni covid-19.
S krizo zaradi pandemije bolezni covid-19 se je podvojilo število izgubljenih delovnih mest v prvih šestih mesecih leta 2020 v primerjavi z drsečim povprečjem. Vplivi na trg dela niso bili enaki za vse sektorje. Skoraj polovica vseh izgub delovnih mest (v primerjavi z manj kot 10 % v „normalnih časih“) je bila napovedana v dveh velikih sektorjih, ki so ju prizadeli ukrepi omejevanja fizičnih stikov, tj. prometu (vključno z zračnim prometom) ter sektorju hotelov in restavracij.
Možnosti evropskih svetov delavcev, da vplivajo na procese prestrukturiranja, so omejene, pri čemer so te omejitve še očitnejše, kadar se odločitve mednarodnih podjetij ne sprejemajo na lokalni, nacionalni ali evropski ravni, ampak na svetovni, kar se dogaja vse pogosteje.
List of tables
Table 1: Announced job loss and job creation, by broad sector, EU27, Norway and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Table 2: Top five offshoring cases, EU27, 2019–Q2 2020
Table 3: Cases of announced job loss and job creation in the car components subsector in Member States and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Table 4: Top five cases of announced job loss, EU27, 2019–Q2 2020
Table 5: Top five cases of announced job creation, EU27, 2019–Q2 2020
Table 6: Amazon full-time employee headcount, selected Member States and the UK, 2020
Table 7: Largest COVID-19-related announced job loss restructuring cases, EU27 (national) and worldwide (transnational), March–June 2020
Table 8: Sector and location details of nine transnational offshorings studied
Table A1: MNEs with most restructuring cases, 2005–Q2 2020
Table A2: MNEs with most restructuring cases (2005–Q2 2020) – geographical distribution of employment, 2005–2019
List of graphs
Figure 1: Change in full-time and part-time employment (in thousands), quarterly year on year, 2009–2019, EU27
Figure 2: Announced job loss and job creation, by broad sector, EU27, Norway and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 3: Announced job loss cases (%), by restructuring type, EU27, Norway and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 4: Origin and destination countries for offshoring, selected Member States and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 5: Breakdown of restructuring type by company size, EU27, Norway and the UK, 2008–Q2 2020
Figure 6: Case count and announced job loss and job creation in national restructurings, EU27, Norway and the UK, Q1 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 7: Case count and announced job loss in transnational restructurings, EU27, Norway and the UK, Q1 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 8: Announced job loss distinguished according to whether COVID-19 was indicated as a reason for restructuring, EU27, Norway and the UK, Q2 2020
Figure 9: Announced job loss (%) distinguished according to whether COVID-19 was indicated as a reason for restructuring, by sector, EU27, Norway and the UK, 2019–Q2 2020
Figure 10: Transnational share of ERM cases (%), 2005–Q2 2020
Figure 11: Transnational restructurings – total announced job loss and as share of job loss in national cases, 2005–2020
Figure 12: Restructuring cases (%), by job-loss size category and time frame, 2005–Q2 2020
Figure 13: Transnational and national restructuring cases (%), by restructuring type, 2005– Q2 2020
Figure 14: Restructuring job loss in national and transnational restructurings (%), by broad sector, 2005–Q2 2020
- Number of pages
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48
- Reference nº
-
EF20024
- ISBN
-
978-92-897-2110-3
- Catalogue nº
-
TJ-AL-20-001-EN-N
- DOI
-
10.2806/581084
- Permalink
Cite this publication
Eurofound (2020), ERM report 2020: Restructuring across borders, European Restructuring Monitor series, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.
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