Employment status

The economic landscape in France clearly impacts on the labour market integration of young people. For instance, young people leaving the educational system in 1982 joined the labour market in an unfavourable economic context and, one year later, only 47% of these young people had a job. At the end

The Federal Ministry of Economics and Labour (Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Arbeit, BMWA [1]) commissioned a study on the so-called ‘new’ self-employed in Austria. In February 2005, BMWA published the research results in the final report Neue Selbstständige in Österreich (in German, 1.65Mb

While international comparisons in the mid 1990s classified Germany in the group of countries with a low level of wage dispersion, the European Commission’s 2004 employment report (742Kb, PDF) [1] shows the proportion of low-wage jobs in Germany to be above the EU average. Opportunities for low-wage

In 1997, a form of employment was introduced based on the ‘casual employee booklet’, the so-called ‘blue booklet’ (/Alkalmi munkavállalói könyv/ or /Kék könyv/), and on the payment of reduced employer rates and taxes, as set out by Act 1997/LXXIV. The law enables the employer to pay wage

In order to obtain information for the National Action Plan on Employment, in 2004 the Republic of Latvia Ministry of Economy (Latvijas Republikas Ekonomikas Ministrija, LR EM [1]) commissioned a study in cooperation with economists and statisticians, /Economic analysis of employment trends and the

It is difficult to isolate the effects of works councils – and institutionalised co-determination [1] in general – on the economic performance of a company or on its working conditions. This has been the subject of some debate, especially in Germany, within recent years. A recent analysis of the

In 2005, a study was carried out in the capital city, Bucharest, and in three selected counties in Romania, with the financial assistance of the International Labour Organisation (ILO [1]), as part of the International Programme on Elimination of Child Labour. The study aimed to contribute to

In March 2005, the Ministry of Labour appointed an administrator to investigate the frequency of fixed-term employment contracts and their legality. The government aims to reduce the number of fixed-term employment relationships in the public sector by converting them into permanent contracts. In