Συνθήκες διαβίωσης

Οι συνθήκες διαβίωσης είναι οι περιστάσεις ή οι παράγοντες που επηρεάζουν τον τρόπο με τον οποίο ζουν οι άνθρωποι, ιδίως όσον αφορά την ευημερία τους. Ο όρος «συνθήκες διαβίωσης» συνδέεται στενά με αυτόν της «ποιότητας ζωής». Το τελευταίο είναι ο βαθμός στον οποίο ένα άτομο είναι υγιές, άνετο και ικανό να συμμετέχει ή να απολαμβάνει γεγονότα ζωής. Ο όρος «ποιότητα ζωής» μπορεί τότε να αναφέρεται τόσο στην εμπειρία που έχει ένα άτομο από τη δική του ζωή όσο και στις συνθήκες διαβίωσης στις οποίες βρίσκονται τα άτομα.

Father and sons having breakfast in coffee shop

Νέα και επερχόμενα

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Προσαρμοσμένη αναφορά

12 November 2025

Paths towards independent living and social inclusion in Europe for people with a disability - Background paper
Marie Hylandand 2 other authors
This background paper looks at the EU policy context regarding deinstitutionalisation for people with long-term care needs, analyses trends and outlines strategies supporting independent living.
Άρθρο

10 October 2025

The roots of Europe's mental health crisis run deep
Hans Dubois
This article looks at the trends, the groups at risk, the services and policies in the area of mental health. The European Commission’s communication on a comprehensive approach to mental health, adopted in June 2023, aims to place mental health on an equal footing with physical health and ensure a new, cross-sectoral approach to mental health issues. But, solutions must be sought not only narrowly within mental health care, but also in improving living and working conditions and facilitating social and economic inclusion.
Έκθεση έρευνας
Προσεχώς

December 2025

Foundational challenges: the housing struggles of Europe’s youth
Sanna Nivakoski,
Marie Hyland

Europe is faced with a housing crisis that affects people of all ages, however younger people are disproportionately impacted. Many young adults are unable to afford their own home, often having to remain living in their parental home. This crisis has wide-reaching consequences, influencing opportunities for education and employment, household composition and formation, and both current and future well-being.

This report examines the housing situation across the EU, with a specific focus on young people. It addresses the following key questions: What are the main housing challenges facing the EU population, and how have they evolved over time? What gaps exist between current housing conditions and individuals’ desired living situations, especially among younger people? Finally, what policy measures could help alleviate the housing crisis, especially from a youth-centered perspective?

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Σημαντικά σημεία για Συνθήκες διαβίωσης

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19 December 2023

Σύνοψη πολιτικής

Intergenerational inequalities: How to close the gaps?

The various economic and social shocks of the past decade and a half – most recently the COVID-19 pandemic – have ongoing consequences for the living standards and prospects of Europeans, and sometimes these outcomes have been uneven across age groups. Social policies – such as those in the areas of social protection and housing – in some cases have benefited certain age groups over others. The upshot both of crises and of policies is that inequalities between the generations have widened in important areas.

This policy brief examines some of the intergenerational social trends that either were persistent or changed considerably over the last decade and a half, sometimes contrary to expectations. It focuses on significant developments that have received somewhat less attention in policy planning in the areas of income, housing, work and employment, and health. The intention is to develop a clearer sense of the direction of social change and bring medium- and long-term perspectives into policy thinking.

17 October 2023

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Bridging the rural-urban divide: Addressing inequalities and empowering communities

The Treaty of Lisbon established territorial cohesion as the third dimension of European cohesion. Despite the high priority given in policy to achieving geographically balanced economic development, gaps in living conditions still exist between rural and urban areas. In some cases, these gaps are growing. This report documents rural–urban differences in social, political, cultural and economic outcomes. These differences may pose a serious threat to social cohesion in Europe. Indeed, this report finds that rural residents more often perceive themselves as disregarded by governments and have lower levels of trust in governments and institutions than urban residents. Moreover, public service provision in rural areas is poorer than in urban areas, and gaps in provision are continually emerging. To ensure a bright future for all areas, innovative solutions to combat economic decline must be found. This report outlines creative solutions that are being deployed across Member States to provide services in remote areas.

20 September 2023

Σύνοψη πολιτικής

Guaranteeing access to services for children in the EU

The European Child Guarantee was established in 2021 to ensure that children in need have access to a set of key services. This policy brief analyses trends and disparities in children’s access to early childhood education and care, education, healthcare, nutrition and housing. This is done using a convergence analysis, which tracks whether Member States are improving in respect of specific performance indicators and whether disparities between them are expanding or narrowing. The analysis, where possible, also looks at the differences between urban and rural areas and between children living in households with different levels of income and risk of social exclusion. The indicators chosen for analysis highlight the links between the Guarantee, the European Semester and the Social Scoreboard.

7 December 2022

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Living, working and COVID-19 in the European Union and 10 EU neighbouring countries

The Living, working and COVID-19 survey, first launched by Eurofound in early 2020, aims to capture the wide-ranging impact of the pandemic on the work and lives of EU citizens. The fifth round of the Eurofound survey, which was implemented in spring 2022, also sheds light on a new uncertain reality caused by the war in Ukraine, record-high inflation and sharp rises in the cost of living. As a pilot survey, a shorter version of the questionnaire was fielded by the European Training Foundation (ETF) in 10 European Union (EU) neighbouring countries. This joint Eurofound-ETF factsheet presents a selection of results from the survey covering both the EU-27 and the 10 selected EU neighbouring countries.
The results reveal at least one clear commonality across respondents from all countries: serious concerns about the rising cost of living. At the same time, the results point to a large divergence in living and working conditions between respondents in the two groups of countries, but also show large differences within the EU itself and amongst the selected EU neighbouring countries.

6 July 2022

Άλλος

Fifth round of the Living, working and COVID-19 e-survey: Living in a new era of uncertainty

The fifth round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded from 25 March to 2 May 2022, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe two years after COVID-19 was first detected on the European continent. It also explores the reality of living in a new era of uncertainty caused by the war in Ukraine, inflation, and rising energy prices.

The findings of the e-survey reveal the heavy toll of the pandemic, with respondents reporting lower trust in institutions than at the start of the pandemic, poorer mental well-being, a rise in the level of unmet healthcare needs and an increase in the number of households experiencing energy poverty.

30 March 2021

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Wealth distribution and social mobility

This report explores the distribution of household wealth in the EU Member States and analyses the role of wealth in social mobility. Using data from three datasets (the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the Luxembourg Wealth Study), it focuses on wealth per household member. Wealth composition is compared across social groups and countries, and the role of housing assets in wealth distribution and negative wealth is assessed. The findings show that parental background, including parental wealth, has an impact on educational and wealth mobility. In order to promote equality of opportunities in terms of access to education and housing, the impact of wealth inequalities, including differences in parental wealth, should be counterbalanced. The report also suggests that regularising wealth declaration in the EU could be a way of promoting social justice by minimising hidden wealth and combating tax evasion.

Εμπειρογνώμονες σχετικά με Συνθήκες διαβίωσης

Οι ερευνητές του Eurofound παρέχουν εξειδικευμένες γνώσεις και μπορούν να επικοινωνήσουν μαζί τους για ερωτήσεις ή αιτήματα από τα μέσα ενημέρωσης.

Sanna Nivakoski

Research officer
Social policies research

Η Sanna Nivakoski είναι ερευνήτρια στη μονάδα κοινωνικής πολιτικής του Eurofound. Πριν από την ένταξή της στο Eurofound το 2021, εργάστηκε ως μεταδιδακτορική ερευνήτρια στο Geary Institute for Public Policy του University College του Δουβλίνου, στο Ινστιτούτο Οικονομικών και Κοινωνικών Ερευνών του Δουβλίνου και στο Royal College of Surgeons στην Ιρλανδία. Έχει εργαστεί σε πολλούς ερευνητικούς τομείς στη μικροοικονομία, συμπεριλαμβανομένου του συνταξιοδοτικού εισοδήματος και πλούτου, της συνταξιοδοτικής αποταμίευσης, των μεταβιβάσεων μεταξύ γενεών και των οικονομικών επιπτώσεων της χηρείας. Η Sanna είναι κάτοχος διδακτορικού διπλώματος στα Οικονομικά από το Trinity College του Δουβλίνου.

Eszter Sándor

Senior research manager
Social policies research

Η Eszter Sandor είναι ανώτερη διευθύντρια έρευνας στη μονάδα κοινωνικής πολιτικής του Eurofound. Έχει εμπειρία στη μεθοδολογία ερευνών και τη στατιστική ανάλυση, έχει εργαστεί για την προετοιμασία και διαχείριση της Ευρωπαϊκής Έρευνας για την Ποιότητα Ζωής και πιο πρόσφατα της ηλεκτρονικής έρευνας για τη διαβίωση, την εργασία και τη νόσο COVID-19, και είναι υπεύθυνη για την ποιότητα των συνόλων δεδομένων. Οι τομείς έρευνάς της είναι η ευημερία των νέων και η ποιότητα ζωής σε νοικοκυριά και οικογένειες, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της υποκειμενικής ευημερίας, της ισορροπίας μεταξύ επαγγελματικής και προσωπικής ζωής και των συνθηκών διαβίωσης. Έχει εργαστεί στο παρελθόν ως οικονομικός σύμβουλος στη Σκωτία εστιάζοντας σε εκτιμήσεις οικονομικών επιπτώσεων, αξιολογήσεις και ανάλυση εισροών-εκροών. Είναι κάτοχος μεταπτυχιακού τίτλου στα Οικονομικά και τις Διεθνείς Σχέσεις από το Πανεπιστήμιο Corvinus της Βουδαπέστης.

Hans Dubois

Senior research manager
Social policies research

Ο Hans Dubois είναι ανώτερος διευθυντής έρευνας στη μονάδα κοινωνικής πολιτικής του Eurofound. Τα ερευνητικά του θέματα περιλαμβάνουν τη στέγαση, την υπερχρέωση, την υγειονομική περίθαλψη, τη μακροχρόνια φροντίδα, τις κοινωνικές παροχές, τη συνταξιοδότηση και την ποιότητα ζωής στην περιοχή. Πριν από την ένταξή του στο Eurofound, ήταν Επίκουρος Καθηγητής στο Πανεπιστήμιο Kozminski (Βαρσοβία). Ολοκλήρωσε το διδακτορικό του στη Διοίκηση και Διοίκηση Επιχειρήσεων στο Πανεπιστήμιο Bocconi (Μιλάνο), αφού εργάστηκε ως ερευνητής στο Ευρωπαϊκό Παρατηρητήριο για τα Συστήματα και τις Πολιτικές Υγείας (Μαδρίτη).

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European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
The tripartite EU agency providing knowledge to assist in the development of better social, employment and work-related policies