Aller au contenu principal
topic_inclusive.jpg

Des marchés du travail efficaces et inclusifs

Des marchés de l’emploi efficaces sont indispensables pour utiliser pleinement le potentiel de création d’emplois de l’économie à mesure que celle-ci émerge de la crise financière et économique. La crise a eu des conséquences très diverses sur le marché de l’emploi dans les États membres de l’UE, et certains groupes tels que les jeunes et les personnes ayant un faible niveau d’études ont été frappés de manière particulièrement dure. Les changements structurels rapides en cours entraînent également de nouveaux défis concernant d’éventuelles pénuries de main-d’œuvre et inadéquations entre l’offre et la demande de compétences dans divers secteurs et régions.

Le principal outil de l’UE pour encourager l’emploi et l’inclusion sociale est le Fonds social européen: il aide les personnes à obtenir un emploi, intègre les personnes défavorisées dans la société et renforce l’égalité des chances pour tous. De plus, une législation européenne de vaste portée réglemente les droits des travailleurs sur le marché de l’emploi. De plus, la Commission européenne a lancé en avril 2017 le socle européen des droits sociaux. Le socle s’appuie sur la politique sociale et liée à l’emploi de l’UE et la complète, afin d’orienter les politiques dans plusieurs domaines essentiels au bon fonctionnement et au caractère équitable des marchés de l’emploi et des systèmes de protection sociale.

Topic

Recent updates

ef23015_card_cover.png

En réponse à la guerre de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, l'UE a activé sa directive relative à la protection temporaire (DPT) pour les personnes qui ont fui l'Ukraine, leur permettant...

14 juin 2023
Publication
Eurofound research paper

EU context

Le travail d’Eurofound

Les recherches d’Eurofound entendent approfondir la compréhension de la dynamique des marchés de l’emploi en Europe, tout en influençant les politiques pour améliorer leur fonctionnement. Étant donné que les niveaux de chômage demeurent élevés dans certains États membres de l’UE, les politiques visant à soutenir la réinsertion des chômeurs sur le marché de l’emploi et les politiques ciblant des groupes spécifiques (jeunes, migrants, femmes ou chômeurs plus âgés) revêtent un intérêt particulier. Eurofound a réalisé un vaste ensemble de travaux dans ce domaine, se concentrant au cours des dernières années sur les questions relatives aux jeunes, le genre et le travail, les nouvelles formes d’emploi, la mobilité et la migration, ainsi que les salaires.

Principales contributions

Eurofound a exploré les défis en matière d’emploi et les défis sociaux affrontés par les jeunes. Ses études ont examiné les questions relatives à l’inclusion sociale et à la nécessité de tenir compte de la diversité des jeunes vulnérables lors de l’élaboration des politiques visant à les aider. Eurofound a également étudié l’entrepreneuriat des jeunes et les types de mesures qui ont efficacement contribué à le soutenir.

Un autre domaine de recherche a souligné les coûts économiques et sociaux des disparités de genre en matière d’emploi et a évalué l’efficacité des mesures politiques favorables à la participation des femmes au marché de l’emploi.

Un domaine de recherche actuel examine les nouvelles formes d’emploi qui diffèrent de l’emploi traditionnel typique ou atypique, et analyse leurs incidences sur les conditions de travail et les marchés de l’emploi. Les recherches initiales consacrées à la typologie ont été suivies d’analyses approfondies de nouvelles formes d’emploi spécifiques, telles que le partage stratégique des travailleurs et le travail mobile fondé sur les TIC.

Les recherches sur la mobilité ont fourni un tableau actualisé de la circulation de la main-d’œuvre au sein de l’Europe et des effets de la crise économique sur les migrations.

Eurofound a également effectué des analyses approfondies de diverses questions liées aux transitions sur le marché de l’emploi, dont la sécurité de l’emploi, l’emploi temporaire et les transitions des jeunes de l’éducation à l’emploi.

Key outputs

ef19004_card_cover.png

Employment statistics consistently show that having a foreign background has an influence on people’s employment prospects. Less is known about the types of jobs workers with foreign backgrounds hold and...

27 novembre 2019
Publication
Policy brief

Current and ongoing research

Research continues in this topic on a variety of themes, which are outlined below with links to forthcoming titles.

Eurofound expert(s)

John Hurley

John Hurley is a senior research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He took up the role of research manager in February 2012. He is responsible for the European...

Senior research manager,
Employment research unit
caros-vacas-2023.png

Carlos Vacas Soriano is a research manager in the Employment unit at Eurofound. He works on topics related to wage and income inequalities, minimum wages, low pay, job quality...

Research manager,
Employment research unit
Publications results (37)

This report investigates the social groups whose attachment to the labour market may be unstable and who are most likely to have non-standard working arrangements, and the implications of such arrangements, and job insecurity, for workers’ well-being, social exclusion, trust, perception of fairness

29 August 2023

En réponse à la guerre de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, l'UE a activé sa directive relative à la protection temporaire (DPT) pour les personnes qui ont fui l'Ukraine, leur permettant de s'installer dans l'UE et d'accéder aux services publics de base et au marché du travail. Au printemps 2023, plus de

14 June 2023

Combler les écarts entre les femmes et les hommes sur le marché du travail en parvenant à la participation égale des femmes fait partie des objectifs clés de la nouvelle stratégie en faveur de l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes 2020-2025. Malgré la réalisation de progrès considérables en vue

09 December 2020

What have been the major trends and policy developments regarding the flexibilisation of employment in recent years? Eurofound’s work programme for 2017–2020 set out to document and capture these changes in the world of work. This flagship publication provides an overview of developments in Europe

16 April 2020

Gender inequality at work persists across Europe, despite the long standing attention paid and efforts made to tackle it. This Eurofound report presents a closer look at women’s and men’s working conditions, using data from Eurofound’s European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS) and complementing

03 March 2020

This report sets out to describe what labour market segmentation is and why it is problematic for the labour market and society, as well as disadvantaged groups. It takes a broad view of the term to examine the situation that arises when the divergence in working conditions between different groups

02 December 2019

Employment statistics consistently show that having a foreign background has an influence on people’s employment prospects. Less is known about the types of jobs workers with foreign backgrounds hold and their working conditions. This policy brief contributes to filling this gap.

27 November 2019

Upward convergence is a process whereby the performance of EU Member States in a given domain or range of domains is seen to improve while gaps between Member States reduce. Achieving upward convergence is of crucial importance to the EU, as the increase of disparities among Member States threatens

25 September 2019

A living wage has been defined as a measure of income that allows an employee a basic but socially acceptable standard of living. In recent decades, living wage initiatives have emerged in a small number of mainly English-speaking countries, including the UK and Ireland. These initiatives have

30 November 2018

Employment policies tend to focus on unemployed people, but evidence indicates that many people who are economically inactive also have labour market potential. This report examines groups within the inactive population that find it difficult to enter or re-enter the labour market and explores the

31 October 2017

Online resources results (4)

Slovakia: latest working life developments Q2 2018

An increase in wage supplements, easier access for people from countries outside the EU to join the Slovak labour market and new legislation for social enterprises are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in Slovakia in

Czech Republic: Latest working life developments – Q2 2017

Continued growth in the Czech economy, staff shortages in the social services sector, the tightening of agency employment rules and legislative measures to regulate Uber are the main topics of interest in this article. This country update reports on the latest developments in working life in the

Finland: HR managers regard diversity as strength for workplaces

The Diversity Barometer 2016, a survey-based study by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, explores the perceptions and attitudes of human resources professionals to diversity in Finnish workplaces. It finds that the key aspects of diversity are age and age-related issues, language and

Italy: New solidarity contracts boost inter-generational staff turnover

The aim of the 2016 Stability Law is to create stable permanent work for younger, less experienced workers while ensuring that the skills and experience of the older generation are not lost, and that shorter working hours or reduced social contributions do not erode entitlement to welfare benefits

Blogs results (13)
ef20083.png

An ageing Europe and rising public expenditure on long-term care have signalled for some time that the fundamentals of care provision need to be addressed. However, the shocking death toll in care homes during the COVID-19 pandemic and the fact that many long-term care services were ill-equipped to

2 décembre 2020
Image of woman teleworking

COVID-19 unleashed the pent-up potential for telework. Over a third of respondents to Eurofound’s online survey of Europeans in April had started teleworking because of the pandemic. Never before had so many people been working from home. For people with disabilities, telework has long been viewed

17 août 2020
ef19068_cooperatives-social-enterprises.jpg

Much of the discussion on the future of work is focused on globalisation and technology, and their impacts on the labour market. However, there is also a growing interest in the business models used by cooperatives and social enterprises, and how they can contribute to a better future of work

15 novembre 2019
image_1_blog_flexibility_14052019.png

Imagine you’re at work and something happens: you have to leave to visit a client, you have to go home to let in the plumber, or you have to collect the kids from school as the football training has just been cancelled. If you’re lucky, your employer gives you the flexibility to do this. If you’re

14 mai 2019
ef18079_card_cover.png

In this blog, originally posted in Social Europe, Massimiliano Mascherini looks at the enduring issue of long-term unemployment among young people. Despite considerable improvement in the labour market participation of youth in recent years, the legacy of the crisis is still visible in the

17 avril 2018
ef18056_-_image.jpg

The integration of migrants from outside the EU into society is one of the key challenges that the Union must address to maintain social cohesion and equality. This blog piece looks at how well migrants and their descendants have integrated into the labour markets of EU Member States.

ef1714_-_cover_image.jpg

The Great Recession had lasting effects on European labour markets, both in terms of employment levels and structure. Not only did employment rates drop significantly – taking years to return to pre-crisis levels, with some countries not fully recovered yet – but the crisis also accelerated

3 août 2017
migrants.jpg

The refugee crisis has posed significant challenges for Europe – we have not seen such a large-scale migration of people since the Second World War. The exodus from war-torn regions initially posed a humanitarian challenge for frontline countries such as Greece and Italy. However, the longer term

20 juin 2017
jov8sv3dz5pxlfx7hgwf.png

EU-wide income inequality declined notably prior to 2008, driven by a strong process of income convergence between European countries. The Great Recession broke this trend. After 2008, income convergence has been sluggish, while inequality within many countries has increased significantly.

21 mars 2017

Disclaimer

When freely submitting your request, you are consenting Eurofound in handling your personal data to reply to you. Your request will be handled in accordance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data. More information, please read the Data Protection Notice.