Éagothroime

Tá éagothroime do shaoránaigh an AE a laghdú agus cóineasú aníos i ndálaí maireachtála a chur chun cinn go mór ar chlár oibre beartais an Choimisiúin Eorpaigh. I measc na dtiománaithe éagothroime is féidir inscne, aois, míchumas, stádas fostaíochta agus saoránacht a bheith i gceist, le himpleachtaí do phá agus d'ioncam, rochtain ar sheirbhísí leasa, sláinte agus oideachais.

Businessman helps homeless youth

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Beidh feidhm ag Airteagal 10

15 September 2025

A picture of wealth inequality across EU Member States
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano

Wealth inequality across EU Member States has important implications for access to education, healthcare and housing, as well as for people’s ability to actively participate in society.

This article summarises some of the main findings from the recently published report Unequal wealth: Exploring socioeconomic disparities across the EU. It maps wealth inequalities across EU Member States by drawing on data from the European Central Bank’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS), covering the period between 2010 and 2021.

Tuarascáil taighde

15 September 2025

Unequal wealth: Exploring socioeconomic disparities across the EU
Zsolt Darvasand 3 other authors
Wealth inequality is not just an economic issue but a societal one. Ownership of assets can have significant implications for access to education, healthcare, housing and political influence. This study examines wealth inequality trends across EU Member States, using data from the European Central Bank’s Household Finance and Consumption Survey and covering 2010–2021.
Beidh feidhm ag Airteagal 10

29 October 2024

A snapshot of income inequality and middle class across the EU
Carlos Vacas‑Soriano
After years of being sidelined in the European policy debate as labour markets recovered in the wake of the Great Recession, inequality is back on the agenda following the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing cost-of-living crisis. A widespread public perception is that inequality is growing while the middle class is shrinking. This article presents a more nuanced picture: income inequality in the EU as a whole has declined due to strong income convergence between the Member States; changes in income inequality across these countries are mixed, increasing in about half of them and declining in the other half; and the middle class shrank in almost two-thirds of Member States since 2006.

Maidir leis an ábhar seo Éagothroime

Tuilleadh eolais faoin ábhar seo agus a ábharthacht do cheapadh beartas an AE.

Buaicphointí le haghaidh Éagothroime

Is rogha é seo de na torthaí is tábhachtaí don ábhar seo.

29 October 2024

Beidh feidhm ag Airteagal 10

A snapshot of income inequality and middle class across the EU

After years of being sidelined in the European policy debate as labour markets recovered in the wake of the Great Recession, inequality is back on the agenda following the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing cost-of-living crisis. A widespread public perception is that inequality is growing while the middle class is shrinking. This article presents a more nuanced picture: income inequality in the EU as a whole has declined due to strong income convergence between the Member States; changes in income inequality across these countries are mixed, increasing in about half of them and declining in the other half; and the middle class shrank in almost two-thirds of Member States since 2006.

24 January 2023

Tuarascáil taighde

Economic and social inequalities in Europe in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic had varying impacts on social groups, depending on existing disadvantages, and it was widely believed that it triggered a rise in inequalities across different areas of life. Using indicators from the EU’s Multidimensional Inequality Monitoring Framework (MIMF), this report shows how inequality in the spheres of income, health, employment and education changed between 2010 and 2020. It also examines the main drivers of this change during the pandemic and explores the relationships between government policies in several domains and inequality.

20 December 2021

Tuarascáil shuaitheanta

Monitoring convergence in the European Union: Looking backwards to move forward – Upward convergence through crises

Upward convergence lies at the heart of the EU project. Member States and their citizens sign up to be part of the Union, as they expect their membership will lead to balanced economic prosperity and social progress across countries. Increasing disparities between Member States, as happened during the 2008–2013 economic crisis, could be seen as a betrayal of the EU’s promise, and potentially lay the seeds for discontent and disintegration. This flagship report is the culmination of Eurofound’s research into monitoring convergence in the EU, which was initiated in 2017. It describes the shifting dynamics of upward convergence over the period 2008–2019, explores the short-term impact of COVID-19 on European economies and societies, together with its implications for convergence, and discusses the long-term effects of the pandemic and the future of upward economic and social convergence in Europe.

9 May 2021

Eile

Living, working and COVID-19 (Update April 2021): Mental health and trust decline across EU as pandemic enters another year

The third round of Eurofound's e-survey, fielded in February and March 2021, sheds light on the social and economic situation of people across Europe following nearly a full year of living with COVID-19 restrictions. This report analyses the main findings and tracks ongoing developments and trends across the 27 EU Member States since the survey was first launched in April 2020. It pinpoints issues that have surfaced over the course of the pandemic, such as increased job insecurity due to the threat of job loss, decline in mental well-being levels, erosion of recent gains in gender equality, fall in trust levels vis-à-vis institutions, deterioration of work–life balance and growth of vaccine hesitancy. The results of the survey highlight the need for a holistic approach to support all the groups hit hard by the crisis in order to prevent them from falling further behind.

30 March 2021

Tuarascáil taighde

Wealth distribution and social mobility

This report explores the distribution of household wealth in the EU Member States and analyses the role of wealth in social mobility. Using data from three datasets (the Household Finance and Consumption Survey, the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the Luxembourg Wealth Study), it focuses on wealth per household member. Wealth composition is compared across social groups and countries, and the role of housing assets in wealth distribution and negative wealth is assessed. The findings show that parental background, including parental wealth, has an impact on educational and wealth mobility. In order to promote equality of opportunities in terms of access to education and housing, the impact of wealth inequalities, including differences in parental wealth, should be counterbalanced. The report also suggests that regularising wealth declaration in the EU could be a way of promoting social justice by minimising hidden wealth and combating tax evasion.

10 December 2019

Achoimre beartais

A more equal Europe? Convergence and the European Pillar of Social Rights

The European Pillar of Social Rights is designed to act as a compass for a renewed process of upward convergence among Member States towards better working and living conditions. It is accompanied by a Social Scoreboard to monitor the progress made by Member States. This policy brief presents the results of an investigation into the upward convergence patterns of the headline indicators of the Social Scoreboard and the relationship between convergence and the business cycle from 2008 to 2018. The results show that although the economic crisis that engulfed Europe from 2008 slowed down the convergence of Member States on some indicators, upward convergence on several has been restored, including the indicators on employment and risk of poverty. While the analysis uncovers different dynamics of upward convergence for most indicators, some very stable and some more unstable, few indicators still show a downward trend over the decade.

Saineolaithe maidir le Éagothroime

Soláthraíonn taighdeoirí Eurofound léargas saineolaithe agus is féidir teagmháil a dhéanamh leo le haghaidh ceisteanna nó fiosrúcháin ó na meáin.

Tadas Leončikas

Head of Unit
Employment research

Tá Tadas Leončikas ina Cheann ar an aonad Fostaíochta ag Eurofound ó Mheán Fómhair 2022. Roimhe sin, bhí sé ina bhainisteoir taighde sinsearach san aonad Beartais Shóisialta, ag bainistiú an tSuirbhé Eorpach ar Cháilíocht na Beatha (EQLS) agus ag forbairt taighde suirbhé Eurofound. Ó thosaigh sé ag obair le Eurofound in 2010, d'oibrigh sé ar ábhair éagsúla lena n-áirítear modhanna suirbhé, cáilíocht na beatha, soghluaisteacht shóisialta, cuimsiú sóisialta, muinín agus easnaimh tithíochta. Ina ghairm bheatha níos luaithe, bhí sé i gceannas ar an Institiúid um Staidéar Eitneach sa Liotuáin, áit ar oibrigh sé ar staidéir a bhain le staid na mionlach eitneach, na n-imirceach agus grúpaí leochaileacha eile. Mar thaighdeoir, chomhoibrigh sé roimhe seo le Gníomhaireacht an Aontais Eorpaigh um Chearta Bunúsacha, le Clár Forbartha na Náisiún Aontaithe agus leis an Eagraíocht Idirnáisiúnta um Imirce. Tá PhD aige sa tSocheolaíocht.

Massimiliano Mascherini

Head of Unit
Social policies research

Tá Massimiliano Mascherini ina Cheann ar an aonad Beartais Shóisialta ag Eurofound ó mhí Dheireadh Fómhair 2019. Chuaigh sé isteach in Eurofound in 2009 mar bhainisteoir taighde, ag dearadh agus ag comhordú tionscadail maidir le fostaíocht don aos óg, NEETanna agus a gcuimsiú sóisialta, chomh maith le rannpháirtíocht na mban sa mhargadh saothair. In 2017, ceapadh é ina bhainisteoir taighde sinsearach san aonad Beartais Shóisialta, áit a raibh sé i gceannas ar thaighde nua maidir le monatóireacht a dhéanamh ar chóineasú san AE. Chomh maith leis an obair ar an Suirbhé Eorpach ar Cháilíocht na Beatha, tá sé i gceannas ar ullmhú agus ar anailís na r-shuirbhéanna COVID-19 freisin. Roimhe sin, bhí sé ina oifigeach eolaíoch ag an Airmheán Comhpháirteach Taighde den Choimisiún Eorpach. Rinne sé staidéar in Ollscoil Florence, áit a ndearna sé staidéar sna heolaíochtaí achtúireacha agus staitistiúla agus bhain sé PhD amach i Staitisticí Feidhmeacha. Bhí sé ina chomhalta ar cuairt in Ollscoil Sydney agus in Ollscoil Aalborg agus ina ollamh ar cuairt ag Acadamh Pontifical na nEolaíochtaí Sóisialta.

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