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Agreements

Agreements are the outcome of collective bargaining and social dialogue processes. Social partners are encouraged to negotiate and conclude collective agreements  that can then be implemented at European, national, regional, sectoral or company level.  Increasingly Union labour laws are shaped by agreements that the parties voluntarily enter into and by soft law mechanisms. 

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In this pilot project, Eurofound successfully established the feasibility of, and piloted, an EU-wide database of minimum pay rates contained in collective agreements related to low-paid workers. A conceptual and...

26 Ianuarie 2024
Publication
Research report

Eurofound expert(s)

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Christine Aumayr-Pintar is a senior research manager in the Working Life unit at Eurofound. Her current research topics include minimum wages, collectively agreed wages and gender...

Senior research manager,
Working life research unit
Publications results (40)

În ultimii ani, cu excepția câtorva creșteri intermitente, a existat în general o scădere a acțiunilor sindicale în statele membre. În timpul pandemiei de COVID-19, această tendință a continuat, iar în mod surprinzător, cele mai semnificative conflicte de muncă au avut loc în sectorul sănătății

07 February 2022

Datorită tehnologiilor digitale, numeroși lucrători au posibilitatea să-și desfășoare activitatea la orice oră și din orice loc, cu avantajele și dezavantajele aferente. Datele culese de Eurofound arată că, de două ori mai des decât ceilalți, persoanele care lucrează de la distanță tind să

09 September 2021

Începând din 2016, Eurofound monitorizează îndeaproape implicarea partenerilor sociali de la nivel național în procesul de elaborare a politicilor ca parte a ciclului semestrului european. În 2020, accentul s-a pus pe implicarea acestora în primele luni ale pandemiei de COVID-19. Deși pandemia a

09 March 2021

Developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have been among the key drivers of change in working life over the past two decades. Specifically, telework and ICT-based mobile work (TICTM) exemplifies how digital technology has led to more flexible workplace and working time

02 July 2020

The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of individuals and societies, including on the economy and labour markets, is unprecedented. The impact of the global health emergency has placed a growing number of businesses under threat, putting the jobs of more and more workers at risk and

24 June 2020

This study examines the interaction between social dialogue practices and human resources management (HRM) policies in European multinational companies (MNCs). It looks at the changing role of HRM and its interaction with European Works Councils (EWCs), which can act as a link between different

16 June 2020

This report, as part of an annual series on minimum wages, summarises the key developments during 2019 and early 2020 around the EU initiative on fair wages and puts the national debates on setting the rates for 2020 and beyond in this context. The report features how minimum wages were set and the

04 June 2020

Annual review of working life 2017 is part of a series of annual reviews published by Eurofound and provides an overview of the latest developments in industrial relations and working conditions across the EU and Norway. The annual review collates information based on reports from Eurofound’s

22 October 2018

This report examines the development of collectively agreed pay in conjunction with the development of actual compensation (‘wages’) and labour productivity in real terms. It applies both a longer-term perspective (the early 2000s to 2017) and a short-term perspective, with a focus on the outcomes

10 October 2018

This annual review covers several issues related to working time in the EU and Norway in 2015 and 2016. It is based mainly on contributions from Eurofound’s Network of European Correspondents (NEC).

16 August 2017

Online resources results (321)

Social partners sign agreement on Youth Guarantee

A Youth Guarantee initiative was launched in Lithuania on 1 January 2014. The scheme seeks to ensure that all young people up to age 29 are offered either a quality job or an apprenticeship, traineeship or other continued education within four months of leaving formal education or becoming

Unions win return to 35-hour week in local administration

The basic working week in Portugal’s public sector was increased from 35 to 40 hours by Law No. 68/2013 (in Portuguese, 945 KB PDF) [1] as part of the government’s austerity measures to cut costs in the sector. The law came into force on 28 September 2013. At the beginning of September, however, a

Agreement boosts pay of Estonian ship workers

The Estonian Seamen’s Independent Union (EMSA [1]) has more than 2,000 members, more than 1,400 of whom work on ships owned by the AS Tallink Group (Tallink [2]), the biggest shipping company in Estonia. The first collective agreement between Tallink and the EMSA was concluded in 1997 and since then

Unions say employment strategy is unrealistic

On 9 October 2013, the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Bulgaria [1] adopted an updated employment strategy for 2013–2020. The strategy was developed in response to the falling employment rate as a result of the global economic and financial crisis and by the deepening unprecedented

Brewery sector collective agreement renewed

Collective agreements are legally binding documents, and since 2003 the Labour Code has made it possible for them to be extended by ministerial decree. In 2010, four branch collective agreements were extended for the first time to wood and furniture, water supply, brewing and the paper and pulp

Three-year redundancy plan at Telecoms company

As part of the reorganisation and modernisation of the Cyprus Telecommunications Authority (CyTA [1]) and with the immediate objective of reducing its operating costs, CyTA announced a voluntary early retirement scheme in December 2013. It aims to cut staff by between 550 and 600 and is expected to

Social partners agree vocational training reforms

Having successfully negotiated national interprofessional agreements on the ‘generation contract’ (*FR1209031I* [1]) in 2012, and on safeguarding jobs (*FR1302011I* [2]) on 11 January 2013, the social partners have completed the negotiation of a major reform of vocational training. Talks started in

New bilateral fund to support craft sector workers

The craft sector in Italy has a consolidated system of bilateral bodies, regulated by cross-industry agreements at national and regional levels. The sector is also regulated by sectoral collective agreements (*IT0812059I* [1]). This bilateral system has ensured income support benefits for craft

Trade unions in social security sector unite

On 12 November 2013, four unions which represent social work employees signed an agreement to establish a new joint union committee. They are the Lithuanian Education Trade Union (LŠPS [1]), the Lithuanian Civil Servants Trade Union (LVTPS [2]), the Federation of Lithuanian Public Service Trade

Employers establish new business council

On 2 December 2013, a memorandum establishing the Lithuanian Business Council was signed by the four main national employers’ organisations: the Confederation of Lithuanian Industrialists (LPK [1]), the Investors’ Forum (IF [2]), the Lithuanian Business Employers Confederation (LVDK [3]) and the


Blogs results (2)
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Minimum wages have risen significantly in 2022, as the EU Member States leave behind the cautious mood of the pandemic. However, rising inflation is eating up these wage increases, and only flexibility in the regular minimum wage setting processes may avoid generalised losses in purchasing power

15 Iunie 2022
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Whatever the benefits of telework – and there are many, including more flexible working time, increased productivity and less commuting – there are drawbacks, as many of the one-third of Europeans who were exclusively working from home during the pandemic will attest. Primary among these is the ‘alw

3 Decembrie 2020

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